Patients With Hematologic Disorders- Prep U ch. 20
Parents arrive to the clinic with their young child and inform the nurse the child has just been diagnosed with sickle cell disease. The parents ask the nurse how this could have happened and which one of them is the carrier. What is the best response by the nurse?
"The child must inherit two defective genes, one from each parent."
A nurse is preparing a dose of furosemide for an older adult with heart failure. The health care provider orders furosemide 1 mg/kg to be given intravenously. The client weighs 50 kg. The concentration of the drug is 40 mg/4mL (10 mg/mL). How many milliliters would the nurse administer? Record your answer using a whole number.
5
A patient with renal failure is experiencing decreased erythropoietin production. Upon analysis of the patient's complete blood count (CBC), the nurse will expect which of the following results?
A decreased hemoglobin and hematocrit
The clinic nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with leukopenia. What does the nurse know this client has?
A general reduction in all white blood cells
Which nursing intervention should be incorporated into the plan of care to manage the delayed clotting process due to thrombocytopenia in a client with leukemia?
Applying prolonged pressure to needle sites or other sources of external bleeding
The nurse is caring for a client with type 2 diabetes who take metformin to manage glucose levels. The nurse recognizes the client may be most at risk for which vitamin deficiency?
B12
When teaching a client with iron deficiency anemia about appropriate food choices, the nurse encourages the client to increase the dietary intake of which foods?
Beans, dried fruits, and leafy, green vegetables
The nurse suspects that a client has multiple myeloma based on the client's major presenting symptom and the analysis of laboratory results. What classic symptom for multiple myeloma does the nurse assess for?
Bone pain in the back of the ribs
Which is a symptom of hemochromatosis?
Bronzing of the skin
A male client has been receiving a continuous infusion of weight-based heparin for more than 4 days. The client's PTT is at a level that requires an increase of heparin by 100 units per hour. The client has the laboratory findings shown above. What is the most important action for the nurse to take?
Consult with the physician about discontinuing heparin.
The nurse is instructing the client with polycythemia vera how to perform isometric exercises such as contracting and relaxing the quadriceps and gluteal muscle during periods of inactivity. What does the nurse understand is the rationale for this type of exercise?
Contraction of skeletal muscle compresses the walls of veins and increases the circulation of venous blood as it returns to the heart.
A client with anemia has been admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which assessment findings are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia?
Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor
When assessing a client with anemia, which assessment is essential?
Health history, including menstrual history in women
A client with severe anemia reports symptoms of tachycardia, palpitations, exertional dyspnea, cool extremities, and dizziness with ambulation. Laboratory test results reveal low hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. Based on the assessment data, which nursing diagnoses is most appropriate for this client?
Ineffective tissue perfusion related to inadequate hemoglobin and hematocrit
The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of hypoproliferative anemia. When planning this patient's care, the nurse should be aware that this type of anemia is due to what?
Lack of production of red blood cells (RBCs)
A patient is taking hydroxyurea for the treatment of primary myelofibrosis. While the patient is taking this medication, what will the nurse monitor to determine effectiveness?
Leukocyte and platelet count
A 63-year-old woman has been diagnosed with polycythemia vera (PV) after undergoing a series of diagnostic tests. When the woman's nurse is providing health education, what subject should the nurse prioritize?
Lifestyle modifications and techniques for preventing thromboembolism
A client with a diagnosis of pernicious anemia comes to the clinic complaining of numbness and tingling in his arms and legs. What do these symptoms indicate?
Neurologic involvement
A patient with a diagnosis of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is currently receiving IVIG for the treatment of her health condition. The nurse who is providing this patient's care is aware that ITP is a consequence of:
Platelet destruction and impaired platelet production resulting from an autoimmune process
The nurse is working at a blood donation clinic. What teaching should the nurse provide to the donor immediately after blood donation?
Remain for observation after eating and drinking.
A 12-year-old girl on the oncology unit at children's hospital tells the nurse that she has discovered that there are several different kinds of leukemia. The child asks the nurse to explain what makes them all "leukemia." What should the nurse reply?
The different leukemias all have unregulated proliferation of white blood cells.
Which medication is the antidote to warfarin?
Vitamin K
A nurse cares for clients with hematological disorders and notes that women are diagnosed with hemochromatosis at a much lower rate than men. What is the primary reason for this?
Women lose iron through menstrual cycles
A health care provider orders a unit of packed red blood cells (PRBC) for a postoperative patient. The nurse is responsible for patient assessment and health care information pre- and post-transfusion. Which of the following are the guidelines that the nurse should follow? Select all that apply.
a. Determine the history of any previous transfusions and possible reactions. b. Review the signs and symptoms of a transfusion reaction. d. Report any increase of 1 degree in temperature, during or after transfusion, which falls into a febrile range.
