Peds

The nurse is treating a child with dehydration. What are the symptoms that the nurse should look for? Select all that apply.

Tissue hypoxia Hypovolemic shock Fall in blood pressure

A child with asthma is having pulmonary function tests. What is the purpose of the peak expiratory flow rate

To assess the severity of asthma

A child has a nasogastric (NG) tube after surgery for acute appendicitis. What is the purpose of the NG tube?

To prevent abdominal distention

A 9-year-old child complains of a runny nose and significant respiratory discomfort. What is an appropriate nursing action to bring symptomatic relief to the patient?

Use a cool or warm mist for comfort

A child's tonsils and pharynx are inflamed and covered with exudate. The primary health care provider performs a throat culture. How should the nurse explain the diagnostic test to the concerned parent?

"It is a way to test for group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections, or GAS."

A 5-year-old child presents with common cold and infrequent coughing. The child's mother tells the nurse, "I'm using cough suppressants because they bring my child so much comfort." What is an appropriate response by the nurse?

"It is better to avoid cough suppressants."

The nurse is caring for a 13-month-old patient with dehydration and diarrhea. What beverages does the nurse use to rehydrate the infant? Select all that apply.

Water Low-carbohydrate drink Oral rehydration solutions

The primary health care provider instructs the nurse not to administer antihistamines to a child. A graduate nurse asks the senior nurse about the reason. What should be the most appropriate response of the senior nurse?

It can cause drowsiness or stimulation."

The primary health care provider speculates that a child has sleep-disordered breathing and prescribes diagnostic tests. What are the most appropriate interventions by the nurse to aid in diagnosis? Select all that apply.

Insert the pH probe into the esophagus Observe the child's nightly sleep patterns Ensure accurate placement by radiography

Which two minerals in an infant's diet are found to be taken inadequately by a significant number of infants? Select all that apply.

Iron Zinc

A child has bronchiolitis, and the primary health care provider has prescribed the child to be treated by humidified oxygen and medications at home. The concerned parents ask the nurse whether their child needs hospitalization. What symptoms should the nurse teach the parents to report to the primary health care provider? Select all that apply.

An underlying or debilitating lung or heart condition Acute respiratory distress and inadequate hydration

A 3-year-old has just returned from the postanesthesia care unit after a tonsillectomy and has been transferred into his or her bed. What nursing activities would be performed within the first hour after arrival?

Assess vital signs, including oxygenation saturation, check for bleeding and frequent swallowing, and position the patient on his or her side

It is important that a child with group A ß-hemolytic streptococci (GAS) infection be treated with antibiotics to prevent what?

Acute rheumatic fever

The nurse is caring for a child who presents with a respiratory tract infection and is febrile. The child has also been vomiting frequently. What should be the most immediate nursing care action?

Administer an infalyte or pedialyte solution

The parents of a child with pertussis ask the nurse about the nursing care and management of their child at home. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the parents? Select all that apply.

Administer antipyretics Encourage adequate hydration Provide adequate psychological support

The nurse is educating new parents on how to prevent the occurrence of acute otitis media (AOM) in the child. What preventive measures does the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

Breastfeed the infants for at least 6 months Preventing exposure to secondhand smoke Discontinue use of the pacifier after 6 months

The nurse is educating new parents on how to prevent the occurrence of acute otitis media (AOM) in the child. What preventive measures does the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply.

Breastfeed the infants for at least 6 months Preventing exposure to secondhand smoke Discontinue use of the pacifier after 6 month

The health care provider prescribes acetaminophen (Tylenol) to the child with a respiratory tract infection. What instructions should the nurse provide the parents about the administration of the medicine? Select all that apply.

Calculate the dose as prescribed." "Administer the drug at correct intervals." Read the label on the medicine before administering."

The nurse is teaching a group of students about pertussis. The nurse says, "Pertussis and several other respiratory infections are common in young children." What represents the possible etiology for that statement? Select all that apply.

Children have small airways. Children are exposed to more germs. Children have weaker immune systems

A child's tonsils and pharynx are inflamed and covered with exudate. The primary health care provider performs a throat culture. How should the nurse explain the diagnostic test to the concerned parent?

It is a way to test for group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infections, or GAS."

A child is diagnosed with infectious mononucleosis. The child has a fever, exudative pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy. The parents are concerned and ask the nurse for further clarification. What should be the most appropriate response of the nurse to clarify the condition?

It is an acute, self-limiting infectious disease caused by herpes-like virus."

Which diet is appropriate for the child with celiac disease?

Low gluten

Cystic fibrosis may affect singular or multiple systems of the body. What is the primary factor responsible for possible multiple clinical manifestations?

Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child with a severe cold and a runny nose. The patient's parent tells the nurse, "Steam really helps. I plan to use steam vaporizers for the cold." What is an appropriate response by the nurse?

Steam baths can be helpful

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child with a severe cold and a runny nose. The patient's parent tells the nurse, "Steam really helps. I plan to use steam vaporizers for the cold." What is an appropriate response by the nurse?

Steam baths can be helpful."

The parents of a 3-year-old with chronic tonsillitis ask when the tonsils can be removed. Which response by the nurse would reinforce what the health care provider would have told the parents?

Surgery can be scheduled for several weeks from now as long as no tonsillitis recurs near the time of surgery."

When evaluating the extent of an infant's dehydration, the nurse should recognize that the symptoms of severe dehydration include what?

Tachycardia, parched mucous membranes, sunken eyes and fontanel

A child who is at high risk for developing a respiratory emergency is left under the care of an experienced nurse. What assessment findings should the nurse observe for in order to initiate resuscitative measures for respiratory failure? Select all that apply.

Tachypnea or rapid breathing Tachycardia or rapid heart rate 39.5° C to 40.5° C temperature Change in level of consciousness

The nurse is discussing home care with a mother whose 6-year-old child has hepatitis A. What action should the nurse include?

Teach infection control measures to family members

The graduate nurse asks the senior nurse about the typical symptoms that can occur in a child who has otitis media. What should the senior nurse instruct about this condition? Select all that apply.

The air pressure within the middle ear and the atmosphere is compromised." "This condition exposes the middle ear to all of the nasopharyngeal secretions." "When otitis media happens, the functioning of the eustachian tubes is impaired."

A 2-year-old is admitted in the pediatrics division with an edematous face and pruritus involving lips and tongue. The parents tell the nurse that the child has eaten pineapple for the first time. What does the nurse infer from the condition of the child?

The child is suffering from allergy syndrome.

A 5-year-old child is brought to the Emergency Department with abrupt onset of sore throat, pain with swallowing, fever, and sitting upright and forward. Acute epiglottitis is suspected. What are the most appropriate nursing interventions? Select all that apply.

ital signs Medical history Assessment of breath sounds Emergency airway equipment readily available

The nurse recognizes signs of respiratory failure in the child admitted to the pediatric unit for cancer treatment. Soon the child undergoes respiratory arrest. What are the most appropriate resuscitative measures that the nurse should implement? Select all that apply.

Position the airway Insert an endotracheal tube Administer oxygen via mask

The parents of a child with pertussis ask the nurse about the nursing care and management of their child at home. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan for the parents? Select all that apply.

Administer antipyretics Encourage adequate hydration Provide adequate psychological support

On a winter morning the nurse finds the skin color of the newborn turning blue. The baby also has difficulty breathing. What should be the immediate nursing interventions to restore a normal condition in the baby? Select all that apply.

Administer glucose to Provide artificial ventilation to the newborn Set the incubator at a temperature above 2

Management of the child with a peptic ulcer often includes what?

Administering proton pump inhibitors

The nurse is caring for a child with dyspnea, shortness of breath, and nasal flaring. What does the nurse do in order to promote chest expansion and maintain a patent airway? Select all that apply.

Position the child to facilitate the drainage of secretions and ventilatory efficiency Provide humidified oxygen, suction the airway, and give bronchodilator medications Assist with coughing and administer antiinflammatory and antipyretic medications

What should be included in a plan of care as nursing interventions for a child admitted with acute otitis media? Select all that apply.

Prevent complications or recurrence of infection Relieve the pain and facilitate drainage of the ear Educate the family and provide emotional supp

What should be included in a plan of care as nursing interventions for a child admitted with acute otitis media? Select all that apply.

Prevent complications or recurrence of infection Relieve the pain and facilitate drainage of the ear Educate the family and provide emotional suppor

A 6-month-old infant with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) has the following vital signs: temperature 100.4°F, pulse 140, respiration 68, and oxygen saturation 92%. The infant has just had his or her nose bulb suctioned. What action should the nurse take to best determine the effectiveness of the suctioning?

Recount the respirations

The nurse is taking a parent education class on prevention of hepatitis among children. What are the preventive measures that the nurse should state? Select all that apply.

Wash hands regularly before eating." "Administer Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG)." " "Vaccinate all newborns with HBV or hepatitis B vaccine."

A child has bronchiolitis and the primary health care provider has prescribed the child to be treated by humidified oxygen and medications at home. The concerned parents ask the nurse whether their child needs hospitalization. What symptoms should the nurse teach the parents to report to the primary health care provider? Select all that apply

An underlying or debilitating lung or heart condition Repeated coughing episodes and intermittent fever Acute respiratory distress and inadequate hydratio

The primary health care provider prescribes a nasal spray for an older child. What precautionary instructions should the nurse provide the parents and the child on the use of the nasal sprays? Select all that apply.

Do not share your nasal spray with anyone else in the family." "Do not use nasal sprays for more than three consecutive days.

The primary health care provider prescribes a nasal spray for an older child. What precautionary instructions should the nurse provide the parents and the child on the use of the nasal sprays? Select all that apply.

Do not share your nasal spray with anyone else in the family." "Do not use nasal sprays for more than three consecutive days."

The nurse is teaching to a group of nursing trainees on food allergies of children. What are the points that the nurse should mention to the trainees? Select all that apply.

Educate the parents and teachers regarding symptoms of food allergies." "Educate people with known food allergies to avoid unknown foods and restaurants." "Educate mothers to breastfeed their infants to provide immunity against allergens."

The nurse assesses the neonate immediately after birth. A tracheoesophageal fistula should be suspected if which condition is present?

Excessive amount of frothy saliva in the mouth

Asthma is classified into four categories: mild intermittent, mild persistent, moderate persistent, and severe persistent. Clinical features used to determine these categories include what? Select all that apply.

Lung function Frequency of symptoms Frequency and severity of ex

The nurse is caring for a 10-month-old patient with dehydration. What method would the nurse use to measure the patient's output?

Mechanical obstruction caused by increased viscosity of mucous gland secretions

A patient is admitted with the symptoms of jaundice, poor growth, anorexia, edema, and gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding. The parents of the patient state that the patient has been suffering from chronic hepatitis. What can the nurse infer from the condition of the patient?

Cirrhosis of liver

A 2-month-old breastfed infant is successfully rehydrated with oral rehydration solutions for acute diarrhea. What should instructions to the mother about breastfeeding include?

Continue breastfeeding

A 3-year-old child is diagnosed with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB). The graduate nurse asks for help from the senior nurse as the child is extremely restless. What should the senior nurse advise the graduate nurse about managing the care of this child? Select all that apply.

Continuously observe and assess the child's respiratory status." "Pulse oximetry should be assessed often to monitor oxygenation status." "Therapy should be adapted based on the child's response and tolerance."

The patient is in the first trimester of pregnancy. What vitamin should the nurse suggest to decrease the chance of spina bifida?

Folic acid or vitamin B 9

A child with tonsillitis requires nursing care. The child has recently undergone a tonsillectomy. What should the nurse include in the plan of care in order to minimize the risk of bleeding during the postoperative period? Select all that apply.

Give the child a soft or a liquid diet Instruct on warm salt-water gargles Provide analgesic-antipyretic drugs Instruct the child how to use a cool-mist vaporizer

The nurse suspects a patient may have hepatitis B. What test does the nurse expect the health care provider will order to confirm the disease?

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) test

A child with nasopharyngitis is prescribed rest, a humidified environment, and lots of fluids at home. However, the parents are concerned and ask the attending nurse for signs of crisis when they should bring the child to the primary health care provider. What signs should the nurse teach the parents to report? Select all that apply.

If there are signs of an earache or poor sleep Respirations faster than 50 to 60 breaths/min Persistent cough that lasts for 2 days or more Fever over 38.3° C or 101° F and refusal to eat

The nurse is assessing a newborn undergoing phototherapy. What changes would the nurse likely notice in the newborn during the process?

Increased stool frequency

A 4-year-old girl is brought to the emergency room. She has a "froglike" croaking sound on inspiration and is agitated and drooling. She insists on sitting upright. What should the nurse do?

Notify the physician immediately and be prepared to assist with a tracheostomy or intubation

The nurse is caring for a newly admitted 6-month-old with suspected respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) with these vital signs: temperature 101.2°F, pulse 130, respiration 56, and oxygen saturation of 89% on room air. What activities would the nurse anticipate doing within the first three hours of admission?

Obtain a culture of the nasal secretions and calculate the infant's fluid requirements

The nurse is caring for a child that has a persistent cough for two days and a fever of over 38.3° C. What should be included in the nursing interventions if the primary health care provider suspects nasopharyngitis? Select all that apply.

Obtain a prescription to administer antipyretics when needed Obtain throat swab for culture or perform rapid antigen testing Instruct the parents to administer oral antibiotics as prescribed

An infant with neurologic impairment and delay is receiving several medications. A proton pump inhibitor is one of the medications the infant is receiving. Which medication(s) is/are proton pump inhibitor(s)? Select all that apply.

Omeprazole (Prilosec) Pantoprazole (Protonix)

The nurse is caring for a teenager with a respiratory infection. The patient's mother asks the nurse, "Can you tell me what germs are usually responsible for such respiratory infections?" What is an appropriate response by the nurse? Select all that apply.

Parainfluenza viruses Haemophilus influenza Nonpolio enteroviruses Respiratory syncytial virus

The nurse is caring for a child who has recently undergone a tonsillectomy. What steps should the nurse take to facilitate drainage of the secretions?

Place the child on the abdomen

The nurse is teaching a group of students about respiratory infections in children. What statement by a student indicates a need for additional teaching?

Respiratory infections become more frequent by 5 years of age."

The parents of a child who has infectious mononucleosis are concerned. Which symptoms does the nurse ask the parents to watch out for as a sign to bring the child in to be evaluated by the primary health care provider? Select all that apply.

Respiratory stridor Pain in the abdomen Difficulty in breathing Inability to drink

The parents of a child who has infectious mononucleosis are concerned. Which symptoms does the nurse ask the parents to watch out for as a sign to bring the child in to be evaluated by the primary health care provider? Select all that apply.

Respiratory stridor Pain in the abdomen Difficulty in breathing Inability to drink liquid

Ten days after a 3-year-old has had a tonsillectomy, the patient goes back to preschool with the health care provider's clearance. The patient's mother finds a spot of dried blood on the pillowcase when making the bed. Teaching by the nurse has been successful if the mother takes which action?

She continues making the bed, but changes the pillowcase.

A mother of an infant tells the nurse, ''I rely on cow's whole milk rather than infant formula.'' What should be the appropriate response of the nurse?

"Feed infant formula for the correct intake of calcium and phosphorus.''

A child presents with hoarseness and laryngeal discomfort due to a respiratory tract infection. The parents ask the nurse about nursing care at home to make the child more comfortable. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

"Use warm or cool mist under parental supervision. It will soothe inflamed membranes

The primary health care provider has prescribed a small amount of dairy foods to a lactose-intolerant child. The mother wants to confirm with the nurse, so she asks, "Should I feed my child a little milk everyday, or should I avoid giving it daily?" How does the nurse respond?

"You should feed the child a small amount of milk products every day."

The nurse is teaching a group of children and their parents about ways to prevent the spread of respiratory tract infections. What should the nurse ask the parents to do in order to prevent the spread of such infection? Select all that apply.

Perform frequent hand hygiene and avoid hand-to-mouth contact." "Cover mouth when coughing and safely dispose of the secretions."

The nurse is teaching a group of students about preventing respiratory infections. Which statement by a student suggests a need for additional teaching? Select all that apply.

Playing with ill children is safe." "Wash your hands as often as possible." "Keep away from children who are at risk." "Do not eat from the utensils of ill children." "Reuse tissues to cover the mouth when sneezing."

The parent of a child with cystic fibrosis calls the clinic nurse to report that the child has developed tachypnea, tachycardia, dyspnea, pallor, and cyanosis. The nurse should tell the parent to bring the child to the clinic because these symptoms are suggestive of what?

Pneumothorax

Administer within 6 hours of being reconstituted with sterile water

A child born before 32 weeks of gestation is prescribed to have palivizumab (Synagis) monthly to prevent hospitalization associated with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). How should the nurse administer the medication to the child?

A 3-year-old toddler is being discharged post-tonsillectomy, and the parents ask what he or she should be allowed to eat and drink. Teaching by the nurse has been effective if the parents choose which foods and fluids for the first few days at home?

Scrambled eggs, banana popsicles, mashed potatoes, sweetened ice tea, and apple juice

A 4-year-old boy needs to use a metered-dose inhaler to treat asthma. He cannot coordinate the breathing to use it effectively. What should the nurse suggest that he use?

A spacer

A humidified atmosphere is recommended for a young child with an upper respiratory tract infection because this environment facilitates what?

Soothing inflamed mucous membrane

The nurse is assessing a 5-month-old infant who presents with signs of respiratory infection. What signs is the nurse most likely to find? Select all that apply.

Coughing Mild diarrhea Watery nasal discharge Blocked nasal passages

A child presents with a persistent fever, cough, and mild tightness in the chest. What are the most appropriate questions that the nurse should ask to determine the risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in the child? Select all that apply.

Did your child recently travel to any of the high-risk countries?" "Did any of your family members ever have tuberculosis disease?" "Did your child have a caretaker who has had tuberculosis recently?"

A child presents with a persistent fever, cough, and mild tightness in the chest. What are the most appropriate questions that the nurse should ask to determine the risk of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in the child? Select all that apply.

Did your child recently travel to any of the high-risk countries?" Did your child have a caretaker who has had tuberculosis recently?" "Did any of your family members ever have tuberculosis disease?"

The parents ask the nurse about nursing care of a child with sleep-disordered breathing. What areas should the nurse include in the instructions about how to care for the child?

Dietary counseling and weight management of the child

A child has Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococcal, or GAS, infection of the upper airway. What precautionary measures should the nurse ask the child and the parents to take after the child is cured? Select all that apply.

Discard old toothbrushes and replace them with new ones." "Wash the orthodontic appliances thoroughly as per expert advice."

The parents are taking a child home after having a tonsillectomy. What discharge instructions should the nurse provide to the parents? Select all that apply.

Do not give the child highly seasoned foods." "Do not let the child cough or clear the throat." "Use analgesics or apply an ice collar for pain."

The mother of a 20-month-old boy tells the nurse that he has a barking cough at night. His temperature is 37° C. The nurse suspects croup and should recommend what?

Trying a cool-mist vaporizer at night and watching for signs of difficulty breathing

A child presents with hoarseness and laryngeal discomfort due to a respiratory tract infection. The parents ask the nurse about nursing care at home to make the child more comfortable. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse?

Use warm or cool mist under parental supervision. It will soothe inflamed membranes."

What are the general clinical manifestations of nasopharyngitis in younger children? Select all that apply.

What are the general clinical manifestations of nasopharyngitis in younger children? Select all that apply. Fever Irritability Vomiting Sneezing Diarrhea

The nurse is caring for an older child with nasopharyngitis. The nurse observes that the child also has a fever, dry cough, and irritation of the nose and throat. What should the nurse convey to the parents about managing the care of the child at home? Select all that apply.

You can give cough suppressants with dextromethorphan." "Your child should be given plenty of rest and lots of fluids." "You can use a humidified environment for the child if possible."

A child with bronchiolitis is kept under the care of a graduate nurse. The new nurse needs to be educated about precautionary measures of such condition. What precautionary instructions about nursing care management should the senior nurse provide? Select all that apply

You should not administer large amount of fluids through the mouth." "You should not routinely administer corticosteroids and antihistamines." "You should not routinely perform chest percussion and postural drainag

A child presents with chest pain, labored respirations, and decreased oxygen saturation. After diagnosis, the primary health care provider diagnoses the child with a pneumothorax. How should the nurse explain this condition to the child's parents?

Your child has an accumulation of air in the pleural space that causes respiratory distress."

A child presents with chest pain, labored respirations, and decreased oxygen saturation. After diagnosis, the primary health care provider diagnoses the child with a pneumothorax. How should the nurse explain this condition to the child's parents? <p>A child presents with chest pain, labored respirations, and decreased oxygen saturation. After diagnosis, the primary health care provider diagnoses the child with a pneumothorax. How should the nurse explain this condition to the child's parents?</p>

Your child has an accumulation of air in the pleural space that causes respiratory distress."

The mother of a 6-month-old with a second upper respiratory infection in two and a half months asks the pediatric nurse why these infections are happening so often at this time. Which response by the nurse is best?

Your maternal antibodies have been decreasing during this time and your baby hasn't begun making his or her own yet."