PEDS PRESCHOOLERS

2. In terms of fine motor development, which should the 3-year-old child be expected to do? a. Lace shoes and tie shoelaces with a bow. b. Use scissors to cut pictures, and print a few numbers. c. Draw a person with seven parts and correctly identify the parts. d. Draw a circle and name what has been drawn.

d. Draw a circle and name what has been drawn.

1. The recommendation for calcium for children 1 to 3 years of age is _____ milligrams.

500 mg While limiting fat consumption, it is important to ensure diets contain adequate nutrients such as calcium. The recommendation for daily calcium intake for children 1 to 3 years of age is 500 mg, and the recommendation for children 4 to 8 years of age is 800 mg.

12. Which is a useful skill that the nurse should expect a 5-year-old child to be able to master? a. Tie shoelaces. b. Use knife to cut meat. c. Hammer a nail. d. Make change out of a quarter.

a. Tie shoelaces.

16. Preschoolers fears can best be dealt with by which intervention? a. Actively involving them in finding practical methods to deal with the frightening experience b. Forcing them to confront the frightening object or experience in the presence of their parents c. Using logical persuasion to explain away their fears and help them recognize how unrealistic the fears are d. Ridiculing their fears so that they understand that there is no need to be afraid

a. Actively involving them in finding practical methods to deal with the frightening experience

17. Which accurately describes the speech of the preschool child? a. Dysfluency in speech patterns is normal. b. Sentence structure and grammatic usage are limited. c. By age 5 years, child can be expected to have a vocabulary of about 1000 words. d. Rate of vocabulary acquisition keeps pace with the degree of comprehension of speech.

a. Dysfluency in speech patterns is normal.

2. Which toys should a nurse provide to promote imaginative play for a 3-year-old hospitalized child? (Select all that apply.) a. Plastic telephone b. Hand puppets c. Jigsaw puzzle (100 pieces) d. Farm animals and equipment e. Jump rope

a. Plastic telephone b. Hand puppets d. Farm animals and equipment

20. Parents are concerned that their child is showing aggressive behaviors. Which suggestion should the nurse make to the parents? a. Supervise television viewing. b. Ignore the behavior. c. Punish the child for the behavior. d. Accept the behavior if the child is male.

a. Supervise television viewing.

4. A nurse, instructing parents of a hospitalized preschool child, explains that which is descriptive of the preschoolers understanding of time? a. Has no understanding of time b. Associates time with events c. Can tell time on a clock d. Uses terms like yesterday appropriately

b. Associates time with events In a preschoolers understanding, time has a relation with events such as Well go outside after lunch. Preschoolers develop an abstract sense of time at age 3 years. Children can tell time on a clock at age 7 years. Children do not fully understand use of time-oriented words until age 6 years.

6. A 4-year-old child is hospitalized with a serious bacterial infection. The child tells the nurse that he is sick because he was bad. Which is the nurses best interpretation of this comment? a. Sign of stress b. Common at this age c. Suggestive of maladaptation d. Suggestive of excessive discipline at home

b. Common at this age

1. In terms of language and cognitive development, a 4-year-old child would be expected to have which traits? (Select all that apply.) a. Think in abstract terms. b. Follow directional commands. c. Understand conservation of matter. d. Use sentences of eight words. e. Tell exaggerated stories. f. Comprehend another persons perspective.

b. Follow directional commands. e. Tell exaggerated stories.

14. Parents tell the nurse that they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom. Which is the most appropriate recommendation the nurse should make? a. Punish children so this behavior stops. b. Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity. c. Allow children unrestricted permission to satisfy this curiosity. d. Get counseling for this unusual and dangerous behavior.

b. Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity.

18. A nurse is teaching parents about language development for preschool children. Which dysfunctional speech pattern is a normal characteristic the parents might expect? a. Lisp b. Stammering c. Echolalia d. Repetition without meaning

b. Stammering Stammering and stuttering are normal dysfluency patterns in preschool-age children. Lisps are not a normal characteristic of language development. Echolalia and repetition are traits of toddlers language.

5. The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse that they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When the child asks the nurse when his parents are coming, the nurses best response is a. They will be here soon. b. They will come after dinner. c. Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is. d. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be.

b. They will come after dinner.

1. Which should the nurse expect of a healthy 3-year-old child? a. Jump rope. b. Ride a two-wheel bicycle. c. Skip on alternate feet. d. Balance on one foot for a few seconds.

d. Balance on one foot for a few seconds. Three-year-olds are able to accomplish this gross motor skill. Jumping rope, riding a two-wheel bicycle, and skipping on alternate feet are gross motor skills of 5-year-olds.

15. The parent of a 4-year-old boy tells the nurse that the child believes that monsters and boogeymen are in his bedroom at night. The nurses best suggestion for coping with this problem is to: a. let the child sleep with his parents. b. keep a night-light on in the childs bedroom. c. help the child understand that these fears are illogical. d. tell the child frequently that monsters and boogeymen do not exist.

b. keep a night-light on in the childs bedroom.

8. Which play is most typical of the preschool period? a. Solitary b. Parallel c. Associative d. Team

c. Associative

21. Which snack should the nurse recommend parents offer to their slightly overweight preschool child? a. Carbonated beverage b. 10% fruit juice c. Low fat chocolate milk d. Whole milk

c. Low fat chocolate milk

7. A 4-year-old child tells the nurse that she does not want another blood sample drawn because I need all my insides, and I dont want anyone taking them out. Which is the nurses best interpretation of this? a. Child is being overly dramatic. b. Child has a disturbed body image. c. Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries. d. Preschoolers normally have a good understanding of their bodies.

c. Preschoolers have poorly defined body boundaries.

3. A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child and notes the child exhibits magical thinking. According to Piaget, which describes magical thinking? a. Events have cause and effect. b. God is like an imaginary friend. c. Thoughts are all-powerful. d. If the skin is broken, the childs insides will come out.

c. Thoughts are all-powerful.

9. Imaginary playmates are beneficial to the preschool child because they: a. take the place of social interactions. b. take the place of pets and other toys. c. become friends in times of loneliness. d. accomplish what the child has already successfully accomplished.

c. become friends in times of loneliness. One purpose of an imaginary friend is to be a friend in time of loneliness. Imaginary friends do not take the place of social interaction, but may encourage conversation. Imaginary friends do not take the place of pets or toys. Imaginary friends accomplish what the child is still attempting.

19. During the preschool period, injury prevention efforts should emphasize: a. constant vigilance and protection. b. punishment for unsafe behaviors. c. education for safety and potential hazards. d. limitation of physical activities.

c. education for safety and potential hazards. Education for safety and potential hazards is appropriate for preschoolers because they can begin to understand dangers. Constant vigilance and protection is not practical at this age because preschoolers are becoming more independent. Punishment may make children scared of trying new things. Limitation of physical activities is not appropriate.

11. By which age should the nurse expect that most children could obey prepositional phrases such as under, on top of, beside, and behind? a. 18 months b. 24 months c. 3 years d. 4 years

d. 4 years At 4 years, children can understand directional phrases. Children at 18 months, 24 months, and 3 years are too young.

10. Which characteristic best describes the language of a 3-year-old child? a. Asks meanings of words b. Follows directional commands c. Describes an object according to its composition d. Talks incessantly regardless of whether anyone is listening

d. Talks incessantly regardless of whether anyone is listening

13. The nurse is guiding parents in selecting a daycare facility for their child. Which is especially important to consider when making the selection? a. Structured learning environment b. Socioeconomic status of children c. Cultural similarities of children d. Teachers knowledgeable about development

d. Teachers knowledgeable about development