Pharm Prep U Practice Quizzes: Test 1

A client is prescribed an anxiolytic agent. What would be most important for the nurse to include in the teaching?

"Be sure not to stop the drug abruptly."

The nurse, working on the maternity unit, receives a call from a pregnant woman asking how she can know whether a medication is safe to take while pregnant. What is the nurse's best response?

"Never take medication until you receive approval from your health care provider."

A client who just picked up a prescription at the pharmacy asks the nurse why the client was prescribed a medication for mental health issues when the client sought treatment for allergies. What is the nurse's best response?

"Tell me the name of your prescription please."

A client has been diagnosed with depression. The provider has ordered sertraline. The client asks, "How soon will it be until I feel better?" What would be the best response by the nurse?

"The medication will start to work in about 10 days, but it may take up to 4 weeks to be fully effective."

The nurse is providing care for a client who has been prescribed a diuretic to treat hypertension. The client states that the effects of the drug are problematic, causing the client to wake up numerous times during the night to urinate. What assessment question should the nurse prioritize?

"When are you taking your medication?"

A nurse taking a client's blood pressure prior to administering a drug could be considered what type of action? (Select all that apply.)

-Assessment -Objective data

It is often necessary for the health care provider to choose a drug therapy based on the costs of the drugs available. Which factors may be considered by a health care provider when prescribing a drug? Select all that apply.

-Elderly clients may have a fixed income, so choosing a generic over a brand name drug for them may be ideal. -Teach clients not to cut drugs in half in order to save on costs.

Access to information has become so broad over the last decade that consumers are often overwhelmed with details, facts, and choices that affect their health care. What factors have influenced how a client approaches the health care provider when it comes to prescriptions? Select all that apply.

-Internet -alternative therapy -media

Which of the following street drugs would be classified as a hallucinogen? Select all that apply

-LSD -Ecstasy -Angel dust

the school nurse is conducting a screening of kindergarten students. The nurse will assess the children for what characteristics of ADHD? (Select all that apply.)

-Short attention span -Hyperactivity -Impulsivity

As part of a comprehensive neurologic assessment, the nurse is assessing the function of a client's cranial nerves. What assessments should the nurse perform? (Select all that apply.)

-Swallowing ability -Tongue movement -Hearing ability -Vision acuity

What represents a pharmacokinetic phase? (Select all that apply.)

-absorption -distribution -metabolism -excretion

The nurse is leading an educational service about alternative therapies and explains that there are several issues of concern when clients self-treat with an alternative therapy What topics should the nurse address? (Select all that apply.)

-active ingredients may not have been tested -inactive, or incidental, ingredients are often unknown -the quantity of active ingredient found in products varies widely

What information does a drug label contain? (Select all that apply.)

-brand name of the drug -generic name of the drug -expiration date of the medication -special drug warnings

The nurse is researching the benefits and risks associated with the herbal supplement ginseng. In which client would this supplement be contraindicated? (Select all that apply.)

-client who is taking antidepressants -client who is on hormonal contraceptives -client who has diabetes -client who is pregnant

The nurse is caring for a group of clients and is aware that which client may require a reduction in medication dosage? (Select all that apply.)

-client with cancer of the liver -client with cirrhosis of the liver -client with chronic hepatitis C

The nurse is educating a client on over-the-counter (OTC) medications. What information is required to be placed on the label of the medication? (Select all that apply.)

-contraindications to the medication -adverse reactions -dosage of the medication

When determining the half-life of a drug, what must be taken into account? (Select all that apply.)

-excretion rate -distribution to the tissues -rate of absorption

Which data would be helpful in determining the accuracy of information found on the Internet? (Select all that apply.)

-navigation -contributors -dates -reliability

A nurse is preparing to give a client's scheduled medication and is reviewing the rights of medication administration. What will be included in these rights? Select all that apply.

-right drug -right route -right client -right time

Fluoxitine is given to a client at a dosage of 500 mg every 6 hours. Assuming that the half-life of this drug is 3 hours, at what point would the drug level in the body be 62.5 mg of the original dose?

9 hours after the original dose The half-life of a drug is the time it takes for the amount of drug in the body to decrease to one-half of the peak level it previously achieved.

A nurse who works at an outpatient mental health clinic follows numerous clients who have schizophrenia, many of whom are being treated with olanzapine (Zyprexa). Which client likely has the highest susceptibility to the adverse effects of olanzapine?

A client who has type 1 diabetes and who practices poor glycemic control

The client has been perscribed an MAO inhibitor. As the nurse teaches the client about this medication, what foods will the client be instructed to avoid?

Aged cheeses and meats, concentrated yeast extracts, sauerkraut, and fava beans

Which agent has no sedative, anticonvulsant, or muscle relaxant properties but does reduce the signs and symptoms of anxiety?

Buspirone

The nurse admits a client to the unit and learns the client has recently been diagnosed with chronic renal failure but has not informed the primary health care provider of this diagnosis. What is the nurse's first priority?

Call the admitting health care provider immediately.

A client is experiencing difficulty swallowing a large oral tablet. What action by the nurse would be most appropriate?

Check to determine whether the drug can be crushed or mixed with food

The nurse is preparing to administer a medication from a multi-dose bottle. The label is torn and soiled but the name of the medication is still readable. What is the nurse's priority action?

Discard the entire bottle and contents and obtain a new bottle

A client with a severe depression has been hospitalized, and the health care provider has ordered amitriptyline. What common adverse effect might this client have?

Dry mouth

A client is receiving haloperidol. The nurse would be especially alert for the development of which adverse effect?

Haloperidol is associated with the greatest increased risk of extrapyramidal adverse effects. Sedation, anticholinergic effects, and hypotension can occur, but the risk for these is much less when compared with the risk for extrapyramidal effects. symptoms, including tremor, slurred speech, akathesia, dystonia, anxiety, distress, paranoia, and bradyphrenia, that are primarily associated with improper dosing of or unusual reactions to neuroleptic (antipsychotic) medications.

One of the phases of drug development is the post-marketing surveillance phase. Which activity is carried out during this phase?

Health care providers report adverse effects to FDA.

Which medication order by the health care provider will require the nurse to seek clarification of that order?

Heparin 5,000 u SC every day

A client has been taking citalopram for 2 weeks and has expressed a desire to discontinue it, stating, "I don't feel any better than I did before I started these pills." What should the nurse teach the client?

It may take up to two more weeks before the client feels better

A client, in the manic phase of bipolar disorder, is being discharged home on an antimanic drug. What antimanic drug will best provide long-term maintenance of the client's bipolar disorder?

Lamotrigine (Lamictal)

While collecting a medication history, the client admits to doubling the recommended dosage of acetaminophen, saying "It's harmless or they would require a prescription." What is the nurse's best response?

OTC drugs are serious medications and carry serious risks if not taken as directed."

A 7-year-old male fell off a wood pile while playing. He has been admitted to the ICU with multiple broken bones and internal bleeding. What should the nurse know about drug therapy in this type of client?

Pharmacodynamics may be altered.

A nurse, preparing to administer a Schedule II medication, should provide what information to the client?

The drug carries a high potential for abuse

A healthy 70-year-old man has been having trouble sleeping at night. Additionally, he has been having difficulties with gastroesophageal reflux. He buys generic Benadryl to help him sleep and buys generic Tagamet for his reflux. After 7 days of taking these over-the-counter medications, he exhibits signs of confusion and disorientation. His wife calls the primary care facility to speak with the nurse. What should the nurse suspect first?

The older adult is experiencing mental changes as an adverse drug effect

Which are true of nonprescription drugs? (Select all that apply.)

They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs. They have certain labeling requirements. They should be taken only as directed on the label.

A 70-year-old patient has just started taking lorazepam 10 days ago for anxiety issues related the death of her husband. She is staying with her daughter for a couple of weeks. The patient's daughter has noticed that her mother is having difficulty walking and seems to be confused at times and calls the clinic to report this to the nurse. The nurse will inform the daughter that:

a dose adjustment should be made if these symptoms persist

Two nursing students are giving an oral presentation on the limbic system. What should they include as actions of the limbic system?

behavior esp emotional behavior

The nurse understands that an admission assessment is completed to accomplish what goal?

collect data

A client has a deficiency in serotonin. What diagnosis would be most likely for this client?

depression

Anticonvulsive medications are sometimes used in the treatment of bipolar disorder. What other drug is used to treat bipolar disorder?

lithium

The limbic system contains which neurotransmitters?

norepinephrine, epinephrine and serotonin

Tricyclic antidepressants reduce the reuptake

of serotonin and norepinephrine

15s A 12-year-old client who has been taking sertraline for the past 2 weeks has returned to the clinic to be seen. It will be critical for the nurse to assess for which?

onset of suicidal ideation the most critical time to monitor for behavioral changes is during the first few weeks of drug therapy. Although sertraline is not approved by the FDA for treating depression in children at this time, the SSRI is widely used on an unlabeled basis to treat pediatric depression. While it is important to monitor for weight loss, it is not critical. Feelings of grandiosity and decreased sleep are symptoms of mania and are not adverse effects related to this drug.

Which factor accounts for the increased risk for drug reactions among clients aged 65 years and older?

physiologic changes affecting all pharmacokinetic processes

Which is an important function of serotonin?

prevents depression Serotonin, which is found in the limbic system, is important to arousal and sleep, as well as in preventing depression and promoting motivation. Dopamine is involved in the coordination of impulses and responses, both motor and intellectual. Gamma-aminobutyric acid is important in preventing over-excitability or stimulation such as a seizure.

A 28-year-old patient is to receive a dose of lorazepam intravenously for sedation during a procedure. The nursing priority would be to assess for:

respiratory disturbances and partial airway obstruction

The intensive care nurse should prioritize what assessments for a client prescribed both lorazepam and hydromorphone?

respiratory rate and oxygen saturation

The normal function of which neurotransmitter is most likely impaired when a client expresses feelings of gloom and the inability to perform activities of daily living?

serotonin

A client is diagnosed with a sleep disorder. Which neurotransmitter is most likely to be dysfunctional for this client?

serotonin Serotonin abnormalities are thought to be involved in mental depression and sleep disorders.

When levels of serotonin are high in the RAS, the system shuts off and what occurs?

sleep

53s When describing the characteristics of the client who comes into the health care system today, which would most likely apply?

the use of a complex array of OTC and alternative therapies

A 34-year-old executive for an insurance company has been taking lorazepam for the last 6 months for anxiety. The client abruptly stopped the medication. The client then calls the health care provider and reports feeling irritable, and increased heart rate, and restlessness. What would explain the client's current symptoms?

withdrawal from stopping the medication