Pharma

All of these substances are part of the body's own natural blood pressure- regulating systems

(1) Angiotensin II (2) Epinephrine (3) Angiotensin I

Drugs used to treat angina pectoris include all the following

(1) Calcium Channel Blocker (2) Nitrate Drugs (3) Beta- Blocker Drugs

Calcium channel blocker drugs block the movement of calcium ions into the heart muscle and smooth muscles in the blood vessels. This results in what actions

(1) Decreasing the heart rate (2) Lowering Blood Pressure (3) Dilating the Artires

High levels of cholesterol in the blood can be due to

(1) Dietary Intake of egg yolks, bacon, cream and lard (2) A generic disorder (3) Eating foods high in cholesterol

When a toxic effects occur, the physician can respond by

(1) Discontinuing the drug (2) Decreasing the dose (3) Lengthening the time between doeses

An antagonist drug

(1) Is similar to inserting the wrong key in a lock (2) Keeps other drugs from activating the receptor (3) Occupies but does not activate a receptor

Side effects can be

(1) Mild and temporary (2) Moderate and annoying (3) Severe enough that the drug must be stopped

Nitroglycerin is available in all of the following drug forms

(1) Ointment (2) Sublingual Tablet (3) Transdermal Patch

Digitalis drugs

(1) Slow heart rate (2) Help treat CHF (3) Make it beat stronger

Alpha-Blocker

-azosine

Calcium Channel Blocker

-ipine

Beta-Blocker

-olol

ACE Inhibitor

-pril

Angiotensin II receptor blocker

-sartin

HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor

-statin

A drug is able to unlock or activate a receptor and produce an effect is known as a/an

Agonist

A drug that can unlock or activate a receptor is known as a/an

Agonist

HMG-CoA reductase is

An enzyme that is involved in one of the steps in the production of cholesterol in the body

Hypertension is characterized by

An increase in the systolic and/or diastolic blood presure

A list of the common side effects of a new drug is developed

As the new drug is being testedd

If serum cholesterol levels are too high, bile acid sequestrant

Bind toe bile to form an insoluble complex that is excreted in the feces

What category of drugs blocks the action of epinephrine at beta1 receptors in the heart

Cardioselective beta blocker drugs

To decrease the pain of angina pectoris, effective drugs

Decrease the heart rate, which decreases the myocardium's need oxygen

High levels of HDL are High levels of LDL are

Desirable Undesirable

The drug used to treat congestive heart failure is

Digoxin

Nitrate Drugs

Dilate the coronary arteries and increase the flow of oxygenated blood to the myocardium

The step care approach to treating hypertension involves the initial prescribing of what category of drug

Diuretic Drugs

What class of drugs promote the excretion of sodium and water to decrease the total blood volume and lower the blood pressure

Diuretic Drugs

Hyperlipidemia is a category that encompasses

Hypercholesterolemia and Hypertriglyceridemia

HTN stands for

Hypertension

To be transported through the blood, cholesterol and triglycerides must bind to certain carrier molecules, known as

Lipoproteins

Toxic effect are most comm in elderly patients whose _______ are less able to metabolize and excrete a drug

Liver and Kidneys

The pain of angina pectoris occurs because

Of insufficient oxygenated blood going to the cells of the myocardium

The therapeutic effect of a drug is usually exerted

On the target organ

Which of the following increase the likelihood of a drug-drug interaction

Polypharmacy

A drug-drug reaction in which the two drugs combine to produce an effect greater than the independent effect of each drug is called

Synergism

A toxic effect of a drug results when

The serum level of a drug rises above the therapeutic level

A drug's main action for which it was prescribed by the physician or other healthcare provider is known as a/an

Therapeutic Effect

When a drug has a narrow margin of safety between the correct dose and toxic dose, that drug is said to have a low

Therapeutic Index

Alpha-blocker drugs are used to treat hypertension because they block alpha receptors in both the arteries and veins because

They block alpha receptors in both the arteries and veins and cause them to dilate to lower the blood pressure

The systemic effect of a drug is felt

Throughout the body

Very low-density lipoproteins carry _______ in the blood

Triglycerides

ACE inhibitor drugs cause

vasodilation and decrease the blood pressure against which the heart must pump