Pharmacology chapter questions

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has bene taking ofloxacin for an upper respiratory infection. Which of the following statements should the nurse report to the provider?

"I have a foul-smelling diarrhea"q

A nurse is reviewing a medication information sheet about ciprofloxacin with a client. Which of the following information about adverse reactions should the nurse include?

Observe for pain and swelling of the Achilles tendon, watch for vaginal yeast infection, inspect mouth for cottage cheese like lesions

Acyclovir (Zovirax) is an antiviral drug that when given in IV should be given over

1 hour

How many years on average does it take for a drug to be brought to market from the time of it conception?

8-15 years

Which name of a drug should the nurse use when teaching a patient with a new prescription?

Generic and Trade

A nurse is reviewing a client's medication history and notes allergy to sulfonamides. This allergy is a contraindication for taking which of the following medications?

Hydrochlorothiazide, Giipizide, and Furosemide

A patient is being started on a new drug that has been used safely for years. The patient who has no known allergies, and the nurse administers the medication correctly. Suddenly the patient experiences cardiac arrest. What is this type of reaction called?

Idiosyncratic

Creatinine clearance levels estimate

renal function

Tetraclyclines can stain

teeth

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for nitroforantion. Which of the following info should the nurse include?

Observe for bruising on skin, take the medication with milk or meals, expect brown discoloration of urine.

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for enfuvirtide to treat HIV. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the adverse reactions for this medication?

Pneumonia, Localized erythema, Hypotension

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus, pulmonary tuberculosis, and a new prescription for isoniazid. Which of the following supplements should the nurse expect to administer to prevent an adverse effect of INH?

Pyridoxine

Which drug class is specifically used to treat anthrax

Quinolones

A nurse is assisting with monitoring a client recieving IV amphotericin B. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse affects of this medication?

Rigors

A clinical judgement that a person is more susceptible to a particular problem than others is identified as which type of nursing diagnosis?

Risk/high risk

Which drug schedule indicates drugs with the highest risk for abuse?

Schedule 1

Which patient has the greatest percentage of body water?

infants

A nurse is administering IV acyclovir to a client who has varicella. Which action should the nurse take?

infuse acyclovir over 1 hour

Half life of drugs

is the amount of time it takes for a drug's concentration to reduce by half

Which form of medication is more easily administered for a toddler who requires a course of antibiotics?

liquid

What are the big three adverse affects associated with antimicrobial therapy?

nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

When the nurse administers a 50 mg dose of a drug with a half life of 6 hours, how many milligrams will remain in the body at 24 hours?

3.13 mg

All drugs are processed in the body through pharmacokinetics. What is the correct order that drugs pass through the body?

Absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

Which anti fungal agent is typically employed in the treatment of systemic life-threatening fungal infections?

Amphotericin B (fungi zone IV)

A patient reports post operative pain , and the nurse administers morphine intravenously to ease the pain. 15 minutes later the nurse notes that the patient is very drowsy, respirations are slow and shallow and 02 is low. The nurse administers another drug that decreases the action of the morphine. This is which affect?

Antagonist

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is beginning a course of metronidazole. The nurse should remind the client to stop taking the medication and notify the provider if which fo the following manifestations occur?

Ataxia

Which medication is in the new class of antibiotics known as cyclic lipopetide antibitoitcs?

Cubicin (daptomycin)

Which source of information is best for the nurse to obtain drug information?

Electronic databases

A nurse is caring for a client who takes several antiretroviral meds, including the NRTI zidovudine, to treat HIV infection. the nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects of zidovudine?

Fatigue, hyperventilation, and vomiting

A nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client who has active TB. the client asks why he must take 4 different meds. which response should the nurse use?

Four meds reduce the chance that the bacteria will become resistant

A nurse is caring for client who is taking ritonavir, a protease inhibitor, to treat HIV. The nurse should monitor for which of the following adverse effects fo this medication?

Hyperlipidemia

A nurse is caring for a client recieving an IV Amphotericin B infusion. Which of the following serum lab values should the nurse plan to monitor?

Magnesium, hematocrit, creatinine

A nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client who has a new prescription for combination oral NRTI's for treatment of HIV. Which statement should the nurse include?

These meds work by inhibiting enzymes to prevent HIV replication

How does a nursing diagnosis differentiate from a medical diagnosis?

a nursing diagnosis evaluates a patient's repose to actual or potential health problems

Penicillins interfere with

birth control

Rifampin, an antitubercular agent, can cause

discoloration of tears and can stain teeth

When giving cephalosporins you need to have what available in case of symptoms and adverse reactions?

epinephrin and respiratory support

Aminoglycosides should not be given with tin 72 hours of

skeletal muscle relaxants used with anesthesia

It is important to maintain therapeutic levels of drugs to avoid the complications fo being over or under medicated. If a drug level of 0.5 ml is considered therapeutic, a drug of 0.45 ml is considered to be what?

subtheraputic

A nurse is reviewing discharge teaching with a client who has a new prescription for trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Which of the following info should the nurse include?

take it on an empty stomach

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about ways to prevent medication resistance when taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) which should the nurse include?

taking meds at the same times daily without missing doses minimizes resistance

Which entity is responsible for monitoring drug safety in the United States?

the FDA

Category X

the category that under no circumstances should be prescribed to pregnant patients because it is very harmful to the fetus

Due to the decreased protein binding capacity in preterm infant, what adjustment in dosage of protein-binding drugs would need to be made?

the dosage would need to be increased

What is the foundation for the clinical practice of nursing?

the nursing process

What important information does a nurse provide to a patient prescribed rifampin to treat TB?

this medication will turn body secretions a reddish orange color

Which is an independant nursing diagnosis?

verifies the correct route of medication administration

Which type of topical drug is more readily absorbed by infants?

water-soluable

ADME

A:absorption:depends on route D:distribution:depends on circulaiton M:metabolism: depends on enzyme systems E:excretion: depends on GI tract and kidneys