Pharmacology - Exam 2

Which tetracycline may be administered with meals? A.Tetracycline B.Demeclocycline C.Doxycycline D.Minocycline

D.Minocycline

Which tetracycline should be administered on an empty stomach? Select all that apply: A. Tetracycline B. Demeclocycline C.Doxycycline D. Minocycline

A,B,C

The patient is ordered daily divided doses of gentamycin. The patient received an intravenous dose of gentamycin at 4:00 pm. When should the nurse obtain the peak level? A. 4:30 pm B. 5:00 pm C .5:30 pm D. 6:00 pm

A. 4:30 pm

Which statement about allergic reactions to penicillin does the nurse identify as true? A. Anaphylactic reactions occur more frequently with penicillins than with any other drug. B. Allergy to penicillin always increases over time. C. Benadryl is the drug of choice for anaphylaxis due to penicillin allergy. D. Patients allergic to penicillin are also allergic to vancomycin.

A. Anaphylactic reactions occur more frequently with penicillins than with any other drug.

Which patient should receive prophylactic antibiotic therapy? A. A patient who is to have his teeth cleaned B. A patient who is scheduled for a hysterectomy C. A patient with a white blood cell count of 8000 cells/mm^3 D. A patient with a high fever without an identifiable cause

B. A patient who is scheduled for a hysterectomy

A patient who sustained second- and third-degree burns has been prescribed mafenide. Which statement about mafenide does the nurse identify as true? A. Use of mafenide can cause alkalosis. B .Mafenide is painful upon application. C. A blue-green to gray discoloration of the skin occurs with mafenide therapy. D .Mafenide exerts its therapeutic effect by the release of free silver.

B .Mafenide is painful upon application.

A patient with a history of a severe anaphylactic reaction to penicillin has an order to receive cephalosporin. What should the nurse do? A. Administer the cephalosporins as ordered. B. Contact the healthcare provided for a different antibiotic C. Administer a test dose of cephalosporin to determine reactivity. D. Have an epinephrine dose available when administering the cephalosporin.

B. Contact the healthcare provided for a different antibiotic

Which statements about superinfection does the nurse identify as true? A. Superinfection are more common in patients treated with narrow-spectrum drugs. B. Superinfection is defined as a new infection that appears during the course of treatment for a primary infection. C. Superinfection are caused by viruses. D. Superinfection are easy to treat.

B. Superinfection is defined as a new infection that appears during the course of treatment for a primary infection.

The nurse is reviewing laboratory values from a patient who has been prescribed gentamicin. To prevent ototoxicity, it is most important for the nurse to monitor which value(s)? A. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels B. Trough drug levels of gentamicin C. Peak drugs levels of gentamicin D. Serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels

B. Trough drug levels of gentamicin

A patient asks the nurse what he can do to prevent influenza. What should the nurse do? A.Teach the patient about antiviral medications. B.Instruct the patient to obtain an influenza vaccination. C.Tell the patient that frequent hand washing is effective. D.Have the patient wear a mask when in public areas.

B.Instruct the patient to obtain an influenza vaccination.

A patient is diagnosed with C. difficile infection. The nurse anticipates administering which medication? A.Daptomycin B.Metronidazole C.Rifampin D.Rifaximin

B.Metronidazole

Before administering gentamycin, it is most important for the nurse to assess the patient for a history of what? A.Hypertension B.Myasthenia gravis C.Diabetes mellitus D.Asthma

B.Myasthenia gravis

A patient is prescribed acyclovir [Zovirax] by mouth. The nurse should assess the patient for which adverse effects associated with oral acyclovir therapy? A.Stomatitis and gastritis B.Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea C.Hives, difficulty breathing, and angioedema D.Tinnitus and decreased hearing

B.Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

A patient is prescribed cefixime. The nurse should teach the patient to immediately report any signs of what? A.Milk intolerance B.Skin rash, hives, or itching C.Constipation, nausea, or vomiting D.Headache, contusions, or seizures

B.Skin rash, hives, or itching

A patient has been prescribed oral ciprofloxacin [Cipro] for a skin infection. When administering the medication, it is most important for the nurse to do what? A.Monitor for a decrease in the prothrombin time (PT) if the patient is also taking warfarin [Coumadin]. B.Withhold antacids and milk products for 6 hours before or 2 hours afterward. C.Inform the healthcare provider if the patient has a history of asthma. D.Assess the skin for Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

B.Withhold antacids and milk products for 6 hours before or 2 hours afterward.

A patient who takes warfarin has been prescribed sulfadiazine. When teaching the patient about this drug, which statement will the nurse include? A. "If you become pregnant, it is safe to take sulfadiazine." B. "You should limit your fluid intake while taking sulfadiazine." C. "Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, wear protective clothing, and apply a sunscreen to exposed skin." D. "You will most likely need to have an increase in the dose of warfarin while taking sulfadiazine."

C. "Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, wear protective clothing, and apply a sunscreen to exposed skin."

A patient with HIV is prescribed saquinavir [Invirase]. It is most important for the nurse to monitor which laboratory value? A. Hemoglobin levels B. Platelet count C. Blood glucose levels D. Serum potassium levels

C. Blood glucose levels

Which statement about enfuvirtide does the nurse identify as true? A. The drug is administered intravenously. B. Enfuvirtide is one of the least expensive drugs used to treat HIV. C. Enfuvirtide is reserved for treating HIV-1 infection that has become resistant to other antiretroviral agents. D. This drug is most effective when used alone.

C. Enfuvirtide is reserved for treating HIV-1 infection that has become resistant to other antiretroviral agents.

Which statement about oseltamivir [Tamiflu] does the nurse identify as true? A. Oseltamivir must be administered on an empty stomach. B. The drug is administered via an inhaler. C. Oseltamivir can be used to treat and prevent influenza. D. The drug is approved for use in infants 6 months of age or older.

C. Oseltamivir can be used to treat and prevent influenza.

Which patient does the nurse identify as most likely to need treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole [Bactrim] for a period of 6 months? A.A female patient with acute pyelonephritis B.A male patient with acute prostatitis C.A female patient with recurring acute urinary tract infections D.A male patient with acute cystitis

C.A female patient with recurring acute urinary tract infections

A patient is receiving amphotericin B to treat a systemic fungal infection. To prevent renal damage, it is most important for the nurse to do what? A.Administer the medication through a central venous access device. B.Administer potassium supplements. C.Administer 1000 mL of 0.9% saline. D.Administer the medication orally.

C.Administer 1000 mL of 0.9% saline.

Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient about isoniazid (INH) therapy? A.Tubercle bacilli cannot develop resistance to isoniazid during treatment. B.Isoniazid is administered intravenously. C.An adverse effect of isoniazid therapy is peripheral neuropathy, which can be reversed with pyridoxine. D.The dose of isoniazid should be lowered if the patient is also taking phenytoin.

C.An adverse effect of isoniazid therapy is peripheral neuropathy, which can be reversed with pyridoxine.

A patient who takes warfarin is prescribed itraconazole[Sporanox] to treat a fungal infection. The nurse will teach the patient to do what? A.Take the medication with famotidine [Pepcid] to reduce gastric upset. B.Prepare for long-term intravenous administration of itraconazole. C.Avoid taking esomeprazole [Nexium] with itraconazoletherapy. D.Double the dose of warfarin.

C.Avoid taking esomeprazole [Nexium] with itraconazoletherapy.

Which drug does the nurse identify as a urinary tract antiseptic? A.Ciprofloxacin B.Ceftriaxone C.Nitrofurantoin D.Ceftazidime

C.Nitrofurantoin The two antiseptic drugs that treat UTI's are: Nitrofurantoin and Methenamine

Fluoroquinolones should be discontinued immediately if what happens? A.Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea is experienced. B.Dizziness, headache, or confusion occurs. C.Tendon pain or inflammation develops. D.Theophylline is prescribed for asthma.

C.Tendon pain or inflammation develops.

The nurse is administering efavirenz [Sustiva] to a patient with AIDS. What will the nurse do? A. Offer St. John's wort with the medication to decrease depression. B. Have the patient take the medication with ice cream or a milkshake. C. Give the medication without regard to meals. D. Administer the medication on an empty stomach at bedtime.

D. Administer the medication on an empty stomach at bedtime.

A patient has been prescribed docosanol [Abreva] cream for herpes labialis. Which statement will the nurse include in patient teaching? A. Apply the cream twice a day. B .Use of the cream will cut the duration of the herpes simplex lesion in half. C. Many serious adverse effects are associated with use of this medication. D. Apply the cream at the first sign of recurrence.

D. Apply the cream at the first sign of recurrence.

Which statement about the BCG vaccine does the nurse identify as true? A.BCG is a live preparation of attenuated Mycobacterium bovis. B.BCG is routinely administered in the United States. C.BCG has no effect on tuberculin skin tests. D.BCG vaccine can be used to treat carcinoma of the bladder.

D. BCG vaccine can be used to treat carcinoma of the bladder.

Which statement by a new nurse about intravenous administration of amphotericin B indicates the nurse needs more education? A.Almost all patients receiving amphotericin B experience some degree of nephrotoxicity. B.Patients receiving amphotericin B should be under close supervision in a hospital. C.Heparin can be used in the infusion site to prevent phlebitis associated with amphotericin B therapy. D.Diphenhydramine plus acetaminophen can minimize rigors associated with amphotericin B therapy.

D. Diphenhydramine plus acetaminophen can minimize rigors associated with amphotericin B therapy.

A prescriber states that a patient will need to receive penicillin intravenously. The nurse anticipates administering which drug? A. Penicillin V B. Procaine penicillin G C. Benzathine penicillin G D. Potassium penicillin G

D. Potassium penicillin G

Before administering erythromycin to a patient for an upper respiratory tract infection, it is most important for the nurse to determine if the patient is also prescribed which drug? A. Guaifenesin [Guiatuss] B. Hydrocodone [Vicodin] C. Nitroglycerin [Tridil] D. Verapamil [Calan]

D. Verapamil [Calan]

A patient who was taking sulfonamides develops Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Upon assessment, the nurse expects to find what? A.Hypotension B.Bronchospasm C.Temperature of 35.5°C D.Widespread skin lesions

D. Widespread skin lesions

A patient is prescribed cefazolin. It is most important for the nurse to teach the patient to avoid which substance while taking cefazolin? A.Warfarin B.Milk products C.Digitalis D.Alcohol

D.Alcohol

Which information should the nurse include when teaching a patient about rifampin therapy? A.Oral contraceptives are safe to use with rifampin therapy. B.Contact your healthcare provider immediately if the color of your body fluids changes to reddish orange. C.Rifampin is safe to use in patients who have hepatic disease. D.Rifampin may be administered intravenously.

D.Rifampin may be administered intravenously.

Which statement will the nurse include when teaching a patient with HIV about management of the disease? A. HIV is considered a chronic disease. B. HIV infection can be cured with 1 year of therapy. C. Drug resistance does not occur in HIV treatment. D. Blood cultures and red blood cell counts are the principal laboratory tests to guide HIV treatment protocols. ●

A. HIV is considered a chronic disease.

A patient is prescribed an antibiotic to treat a urinary tract infection. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching? A. " I can stop the medication as soon as the symptoms have disappeared." B. "I will drink more fluids to help clear up the infection." C. "I will stop the medication and contact the doctor if I develop a rash." D. "I should immediately report vaginal itching or discharge."

A. I can stop the medication as soon as the symptoms have disappeared.

A patient is prescribed doxycycline [Vibramycin]. If the patient complains of gastric irritation, what should the nurse do? A. Instruct the patient to take the medication with milk. B. Tell the patient to take an antacid with the medication. C. Give the patient food, such as crackers or toast, with the medication. D. Have the patient stop the medication immediately and contact the healthcare provider.

C. Give the patient food, such as crackers or toast, with the medication.

A patient is prescribed vancomycin orally for antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous colitis. The nurse will monitor the patient for what? A.Leukopenia B."Red man" syndrome C.Liver impairment D.Ototoxicity

D. Ototoxicity