Physical Science-Hewitt Reading Ch. 22

How much energy is given to each coulomb of charge that flows through a 1.5-volt battery?

1.5 Joules.

What is a positive ion? A negative ion?

A positive ion has more protons than electrons and has a positive charge while a negative ion has more electrons than protons and has a negative charge.

What is meant by saying charge is quantized?

Charge is quantized because charge has a smallest unit that can be measured (the charge of an electron or proton). There are no smaller units that have been observed.

Give an example of something charged by induction

Charging by induction occurs during thunderstorms. Negatively charged bottoms of clouds induce a positive charge on the surface of the Earth.

How does an electrically polarized object differ from an electrically charged object?

The charge in an electrically charged object moves through the object. The charge in an electrically polarized object shifts its position inside of the molecules of the object and align themselves.

How does one coulomb of charge compare with the charge of a single electron?

The charge of one Coulomb is equal to 6.25 billion billion electrons (6.25 x 10^18 electrons).

How does the charge on one plate of a capacitor compare with that on the opposite plate?

The charge on the opposite plate is equal and opposite of the charge on the first first plate.

Does an electric field exist within a charged spherical conductor at points other than its center?

The electric field of inside of a spherical conductor is zero the charge is distributed evenly around the surface of the conductor.

What part of an atom is positively charged and what part is negatively charged?

The nucleus of an atom is positively charged and the electrons have a negative charge.

Give two examples of common force fields

Two common force fields are gravitational fields and electrical fields.

How does a semiconductor differ from a conductor or an insulator?

because it can be made to behave as either a conductor or an insulator.

Why are metals good conductors both of heat and of electricity?

because the electrons in their outer shells are loose and free to move about inside the metal.

How is the direction of an electric field defined?

direction in which a small test charge would be pushed.

How does the flow of current differ in a superconductor compared with the flow in ordinary conductors?

it has zero resistance to the flow of charge and flows through the material without losing charge.

Cite an example of something charged by friction

shuffling feet on a carpet.

How do the numbers of protons in the atomic nucleus normal compare to the number of electrons that orbit the nucleus?

usually equal.

What is the magnitude of the electric field inside the dome of a charged van de Graaff generator?

zero.