PSY 200 Unit 3 Review

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing ________ disorder. Select one: a. panic b. schizotypal personality c. posttraumatic stress d. bipolar

c. posttraumatic stress

At the most basic level, schizophrenia is best conceptualized as a(n) ________ disorder. Select one: a. dissociative b. obsessive-compulsive c. psychotic d. impulse control

c. psychotic

Cultural competence is a therapist's understanding of, and attention to, ________. Select one: a. issues related to being a female therapist treating a male client b. treating everyone the same regardless of cultural background c. race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment d. issues related to whether the client is considered normal or deviant

c. race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

Samara meets a nurse. She immediately assumes he is able to help care for sick people, works long hours, and dispenses advice about illness because her ________ schema suggests that nurses behave this way. Select one: a. artificial b. script c. role d. event

c. role

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with ________. Select one: a. auditory hallucinations associated with schizophrenia b. a mood disorder who do not believe in traditional biomedical approaches c. severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy d. ADHD who also suffer from anxiety

c. severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

Autism spectrum disorder is marked by all but which of the following categories of symptoms? Select one: a. deficits in social interactions b. repetitive patterns of behavior or interests c. severe depressive symptoms d. deficits in communication

c. severe depressive symptoms

Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails and that the spiders will hatch inside his skin and will eventually begin to eat his organs. What kind of delusion is this? Select one: a. paranoid b. grandiose c. somatic d. disorganized

c. somatic

The practice of administering, scoring, and interpreting an assessment tool in the same manner is called ________. Select one: a. validation b. cohorting c. standardization d. norming

c. standardization

What kind of family therapy involves the therapist guiding the therapy session and developing treatment plans for each family member's specific problem? Select one: a. structural b. cotherapeutic c. strategic d. solution-focused

c. strategic

The ________ perspective of psychological disorders attributed symptoms of such ailments to forces that were beyond scientific understanding, such as black magic or evil spirits. Select one: a. neurological b. diathesis-stress c. supernatural d. biological

c. supernatural

Among older Korean Americans, approximately 14% polled felt that having a mentally ill family member would Select one: a. be passed on to that family member's children. b. be an untreatable, lifelong condition. c. be most aptly treated with psychotropic medications. d. bring shame to the family.

d. bring shame to the family.

in order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her distorted ways of thinking and self-defeating actions by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify? Select one: a. systematic desensitization b. client-centered therapy c. classical conditioning counseling d. cognitive-behavioral therapy

d. cognitive-behavioral therapy

The type of intelligence that involves seeing complex relationships and solving problems is ________ intelligence. Select one: a. applied b. crystallized c. intrapersonal d. fluid

d. fluid

What is the confirmation bias? Select one: a. believing the event you just experienced was predictable b. stereotyping someone or something unintentionally c. focusing only on one piece of information when making a decision d. focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs

d. focusing on information that confirms your existing beliefs

A particular benefit of ________ therapy is the possibility of decreasing a client's sense of shame and isolation about the problem they face, while also letting them offer support to others Select one: a. gestalt b. humanistic c. individual d. group

d. group

During the therapist's first meeting with the client, called ________, the therapist gathers specific information to address the client's immediate needs. Select one: a. evaluation b. exposition c. admission d. intake

d. intake

Antipsychotic drugs, such as Haldol, are used to treat all of the following except ________. Select one: a. visual hallucinations b. auditory hallucinations c. paranoia d. manic episodes

d. manic episodes

Knowing what a rainbow looks like because you have seen a rainbow is an example of a(n) ________ concept. Select one: a. prototypical b. artificial c. modular d. natural

d. natural

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in the development of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder? Select one: a. cingulate cortex b. prefrontal cortex c. anterior cortex d. orbitofrontal cortex

d. orbitofrontal cortex

The amount of time a client spends in psychotherapy is determined by the client's needs as well as his or her ________. Select one: a. psychotherapist's training b. insurance coverage c. age d. personal goals

d. personal goals

Anwar is hiking in the woods and he gets lost. He spends several days trying to find his way back to his basecamp, but he has the knowledge to gather wood, start a fire, and keep himself warm at night. He is also able to identify local berries and mushrooms growing that he can eat without being poisoned. Anwar is demonstrating ________ intelligence from the triarchic theory. Select one: a. functional b. fluid c. analytic d. practical

d. practical

"Each person is born with a genetic potential to reach a certain level of potential, but whether or not they accomplish that level depends on their environments and experiences." This is the foundation of the ________ model. Select one: a. evolutionary b. g-factor c. triarchic d. range of reaction

d. range of reaction

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a hierarchy of stimuli related to her phobia. Which form of therapy is she using? Select one: a. aversion therapy b. play therapy c. free association d. systematic desensitization

d. systematic desensitization

What is meant by the term etiology? Select one: a. likely future path of an illness b. the different symptoms of a given condition c. frequency with which a given illness occurs d. the cause of a disorder

d. the cause of a disorder

Which of the following choices is an emphasis of humanistic approaches to psychotherapy? Select one: a. the client's unconscious desires b. the client's recent past c. the client's early infancy d. the client's present and future

d. the client's present and future

About _______ percent of those who seek treatment for a substance use problem tend to relapse and return to using drugs or alcohol after a period of abstinence. Select one: a. 40 to 60 b. 10 to 20 c. 20 to 40 d. 60 to 80

a. 40 to 60

What kind of professional would be most qualified to administer an intelligence test? Select one: a. A professional trained in psychology. b. A board-certified psychiatrist. c. An employee of the Social Security administration. d. A social worker who operates in a high school or middle school.

a. A professional trained in psychology.

Who developed the triarchic theory of intelligence? Select one: a. Robert Sternberg b. Charles Spearman c. Howard Gardner d. Raymond Cattell

a. Robert Sternberg

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words Select one: a. semantics b. language c. interpretation d. syntax

a. semantics

Which statistic is a measure of how data are dispersed in a population and can be used to give context to larger data sets? Select one: a. standard deviation b. heritability c. variability d. correlation coefficient

a. standard deviation

Research finds that when receiving treatment for a substance use problem, the treatment has to last for at least ________ month(s) before a positive outcome is likely to be achieved. Select one: a. 12 b. 3 c. 1 d. 6

b. 3

Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)? Select one: a. Xanax b. Adderall c. Lithium d. Clozaril

b. Adderall

Which individual was asked by the French government to create an assessment tool - an intelligence test, of sorts - that would be used to identify schoolchildren who would be more likely to have difficulty in school? Select one: a. Marcelle Curie b. Alfred Binet c. Sir Francis Galton d. Louis Terman

b. Alfred Binet

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and worry that is accompanied by disturbances in behaviors. Select one: a. Affective b. Anxiety c. Dissociative d. Personality

b. Anxiety

________ are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences. Select one: a. Values b. Concepts c. Beliefs d. Emotions

b. Concepts

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America? Select one: a. Determinants of Social Mental Disorders b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders c. International Classification of Diseases d. Determining Statistical Manifestation of Disorders

b. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy? Select one: a. Behavior can be conditioned. b. How you think determines how you feel. c. Unconscious thoughts influence behavior. d. Thoughts cannot be changed.

b. How you think determines how you feel.

Which of the following is the best example of a compulsion? Select one: a. Luke is wearing a bandage for longer than needed to make sure his cut is fully healed. b. Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked. c. Jean wears both sunglasses and a hat to keep the sun out of her eyes. d. Will cannot stop thinking about the exam that he has in chemistry tomorrow.

b. Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.

Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for the mentally ill? Select one: a. churches b. psychiatric hospitals c. schools d. risons

b. psychiatric hospitals

Martha and Mikey go to meet with a psychotherapist and other parents to learn about their adult son's symptoms of schizophrenia. They spend time discussing the illness, learning to understand his challenges, and getting information about how to most effectively help him recover. This approach is called a ________ group. Select one: a. psychoanalytic b. psychoeducational c. structural d. self-help

b. psychoeducational

What did the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart suggest about intelligence? The findings from this study ________. Select one: a. demonstrated that female twins are more intelligent than male twins b. revealed a genetic component to intelligence c. suggested that intelligence is affected by early adoption d. suggested there is no genetic component to intelligence

b. revealed a genetic component to intelligence

Mental or behavioral acts that reduce anxiety in social situations, such as avoiding eye contact or rehearsing sentences before speaking are called ________. Select one: a. ruminations b. safety behaviors c. cognitive restructures d. obsessions

b. safety behaviors

Alexis experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder, but only during the fall and winter months when she gets less direct exposure to sunlight What kind of depression does Alexis have? Select one: a. bipolar b. seasonal pattern c. peripartum/postpartum d. persistent depressive

b. seasonal pattern

Dr. Piccolo is working with a family and determines that the parents do not make rules together and often contradict each other. This leads to confusion among the children who act out because they don't understand what is expected of them in the home. She helps them to get "on the same page" with regard to each family member's place in the home and helps the parents work on their own relationship as co-parents. This is called ________ family therapy. Select one: a. humanistic b. structural c. strategic d. triangular

b. structural

What principle underlies cognitive-behavioral therapy? Select one: a. behavior affects social interaction b. thoughts affect actions c. emotions affect thoughts d. social interaction affects emotions

b. thoughts affect actions

How long does traditional psychoanalysis typically take? Select one: a. one week of intensive sessions b. years c. weeks d. months

b. years

________ concepts are ones that we know by a specific set of characteristics. Select one: a. Ideal b. Natural c. Artificial d. Prototypical

c. Artificial

________ encompasses the processes associated with perception, knowledge, problem solving, judgment, language, and memory. Select one: a. Personality b. Conceptualization c. Cognition d. Priming

c. Cognition

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, ________ intelligence and ________ intelligence are often combined into a single type: emotional intelligence. Select one: a. musical; linguistic b. logical-mathematical; interpersonal c. interpersonal; intrapersonal d. intrapersonal; naturalist

c. interpersonal; intrapersonal

Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language, or the words contained within that language? Select one: a. phoneme b. morpheme c. lexicon d. grammar

c. lexicon

Nima excels at working with numbers in subjects such as calculus and algebra. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory. Select one: a. interpersonal b. bodily kinesthetic c. logical-mathematical d. spatial

c. logical-mathematical

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) ________ episode. Select one: a. body dysmorphic b. psychotic c. manic d. dissociative

c. manic

A ________ is the smallest unit of language that conveys some type of meaning. Select one: a. letter b. syllable c. morpheme d. phoneme

c. morpheme

Aram is proficient in playing a number of instruments and can easily learn new songs and rhythms. This exemplifies ________ intelligence from the multiple intelligences theory. Select one: a. logical-mathematical b. spatial c. musical d. linguistic

c. musical

People with ________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts. Select one: a. personality b. phobic c. obsessive-compulsive d. stress-related

c. obsessive-compulsive

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality? Select one: a. narcissistic personality disorder b. histrionic personality disorder c. obsessive-compulsive personality disorder d. schizoid personality disorder

c. obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________. Select one: a. experiences flashbacks interspersed with depression b. never thinks about the risk that a major depressive episode will follow a manic episode c. often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania d. once started a day euphoric and ended the day tired

c. often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify? Select one: a. ECT b. cognitive-behavioral therapy c. play therapy d. RET

c. play therapy

In the African American community, what has been found to play a significant role as an alternate source of support to mental health services? Select one: a. community halfway houses b. one's primary care physician c. the church d. workplace counselors

IDK THIS IS A FILLER

Which child is most likely to receive treatment for her or his psychological challenge? Select one: a.Anna, who has a mild case of dyslexia b.Stavros, who suffers from ADHD c. William, who suffers from binge eating disorder d.Diana, who has bipolar disorder symptoms

IDK THIS IS A FILLER

Which of the following is an example of hopelessness theory? Select one: a. Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed. b. Rochelle is in an earthquake and many of her friends die, so she becomes depressed. c. Rochelle is depressed, so she thinks terrible things will happen. d. Rochelle stops taking her medication because she does not think medication will help her depression.

a. Rochelle has an expectation that terrible things will happen and there is nothing she can do about it—this leads her to become depressed.

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this? Select one: a. active listening b. personal growth c. unconditional positive regard d. indirect empathy

a. active listening

Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality? Select one: a. avoidant personality disorder b. dependent personality disorder c. obsessive-compulsive personality disorder d. schizotypal personality disorder

a. avoidant personality disorder

Addiction is often viewed as a(n) ________ disease that can rewire the sufferer's brain. Select one: a. chronic b. idiographic c. nomothetic d. acute

a. chronic

Roscoe suffers from cocaine use disorder as well as bipolar disorder. The fact that he has two psychiatric diagnoses at once would make his a ________ situation Select one: a. comorbid b. prevalent c. incidental d. polysubstance

a. comorbid

Carmela believes her assistant, Lian, is incompetent. She notices only what Lian does wrong while ignoring the above average quality of most of her work. This exemplifies ________ bias. Select one: a. confirmation b. hindsight c. representational d. anchoring

a. confirmation

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client. Select one: a. free association b. cognitive therapy c. rational emotive therapy d. transference

a. free association

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing dissociative ________. Select one: a. fugue b. psychosis c. depersonalization d. identity disorder

a. fugue

Knowing what a dinosaur is because you looked through a book with pictures of dinosaurs and watched the film Jurassic Park is an example of a natural concept that was developed through ________ experience. Select one: a. indirect b. direct c. practical d. theoretical

a. indirect

Of the following substances or substance groups, which is the only one where illicit use patterns are higher in those between 12 and 17 years old than those who are 18 to 25 years of age? Select one: a. inhalants b. marijuana c. cocaine d. psychotherapeutics

a. inhalants

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe? Select one: a. involuntary b. voluntary c. humanistic d. free association

a. involuntary

Which of the following is a set of symptoms or behaviors that you might see in a person diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder? Select one: a. lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds b. instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood c. overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance d. pervasive need for perfectionism that interferes with the ability to complete tasks

a. lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Emily is an adult with a 4th-grade skill level in reading, writing, and math. Her doctor suggests she would be capable of holding a job and living independently. Which subtype of intellectual disability describes Emily? Select one: a. mild b. severe c. profound d. moderate

a. mild

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Nathan appears to suffer from ________ personality disorder. Select one: a. narcissistic b. borderline c. schizotypal d. histrionic

a. narcissistic

Those symptoms that involve noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives in those afflicted with schizophrenia are called ________ symptoms. Select one: a. negative b. invisible c. absentee d. positive

a. negative

A(an) ________ is a basic sound unit of a given language. Select one: a. phoneme b. syntactic unit c. morpheme d. syllable

a. phoneme

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common? Select one: a. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts b. generalized anxiety and specific phobias c. obsession with the suffering of others d. conviction that the patient herself is the cause of many people's troubles

a. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model? Select one: a. Ozzie treats his depression by exposing himself to a series of stressors so he can learn coping skills. b. Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died. c. Ozzie's doctor does not believe that mental illness has a biological basis. d. Ozzie treats his manic episodes by using medication to induce depression.

b. Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________. Select one: a. rational emotive therapy b. a token economy c. client-centered therapy d. classical conditioning

b. a token economy

Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn't like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling "lost in a crowd," and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________. Select one: a. ophidiophobia b. agoraphobia c. arachnophobia d. acrophobia

b. agoraphobia

The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________. Select one: a. think outside the box to arrive at novel solutions to a problem b. analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast c. provide correct or established answers to a problem d. produce new products or ideas and invent novel solutions to a problem

b. analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________. Select one: a. autism spectrum disorder b. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder c. intellectual disability d. schizoid personality disorder

b. attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

According to the textbook, which of these events would have the highest likelihood of causing posttraumatic stress disorder? Select one: a. surviving a hurricane that destroyed a city b. being assaulted and robbed of your cash and credit cards c. a fire to one's home that left no remains d. reading about the death of dozens of people in a terrible airplane crash

b. being assaulted and robbed of your cash and credit cards

A psychological disorder is a ________. Select one: a. condition characterized by normal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors b. condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors c. set of situational, idiosyncratic, or unconventional inner feelings d. medical condition that has identifiable neurological causes.

b. condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Christine and Susan have been together for 3 years and are thinking about getting married. Lately all they seem to do is fight, as they have trouble communicating over the slightest issue. Both are unhappy and are each thinking that they may need to call off the wedding. They go to see a(n) ________ therapist who might help them work through these communication issues and to help them build collaborative problem-solving strategies. Select one: a. psychoeducational b. couples c. family d. group

b. couples

Anti-anxiety agents work by ________. Select one: a. blocking the neurotransmitter dopamine b. depressing central nervous system activity c. improving the ability to focus on tasks d. altering levels of neurotransmitters

b. depressing central nervous system activity

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________? Select one: a. asymptomatic b. episodic c. limited in duration to a few weeks d. reoccurring every few months

b. episodic

Niaz's car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies ________. Select one: a. representational bias b. hindsight bias c. anchoring bias d. availability heuristic

b. hindsight bias

Jake is sympathetic and considerate of his friends' moods. He really identifies with their feelings and readily understands their point of view. He is well-known around campus, and he has great relationships with his classmates and professors. Which area of the multiple intelligences model does this exemplify? Select one: a. linguistic b. interpersonal c. naturalist d. intrapersonal

b. interpersonal

What impact did Genie's early isolation have on her ability to acquire language? She never developed a(n) ________. Select one: a. lexicon b. mastery of the grammatical aspects of language c. ability to communicate d. ability to speak

b. mastery of the grammatical aspects of language

Gonzalo is attempting to open his car door using the auto lock button on his keychain. He pushes the button twice, but his car door does not open. He continues to push the button even though it is likely that the auto lock feature has stopped working, and he will need to open the door manually with his key. This illustrates a ________. Select one: a. confirmation bias b. mental set c. confirmation bias d. hindsight bias

b. mental set

Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this? Select one: a. jumping to conclusions b. overgeneralization c. all-or-nothing thinking d. beating a dead horse

b. overgeneralization

Dr. Kaplan is working with a Japanese-American client, and regards the client's silence as an indication that he is not happy to be in therapy. He fails to consider that his client has learned that authority figures should be shown deference and that his silence is a sign of respect. Dr. Kaplan is demonstrating ________. Select one: a. a transference response b. poor cultural competence c. free association d. unconditional positive regard

b. poor cultural competence

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder? Select one: a. Gemma is quick to anger and is incapable of dealing with a situation in which she is not the center of attention. b. Gemma is submissive and physically clings to the people around her. c. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to. d. Gemma is very impulsive—as soon as an idea enters her head she acts upon it.

c. Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

Which pair of individuals is most likely to have the highest similarity in their IQ scores? Select one: a. Vondra and Victoria are a mother and daughter who have lived together for all of Victoria's 15 years. b. Jerry and Jerica are fraternal twins who were raised in the same home. c. Marcus and Maria are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families. d. Annabeth and Andre are half-siblings who have the same father but different mothers. They've lived together since they were 3 and 5 years old, respectively.

c. Marcus and Maria are identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different families.

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why? Select one: a. People who grow up with a depressed parent usually become depressed themselves. b. Apollonia also suffers from social anxiety disorder. c. Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis. d. Mood disorders are more likely to occur in younger people.

c. Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis.

Which of the following is an inaccurate statement about dissociative disorders? Select one: a. People with these disorders become disconnected from their sense of self. b. These disorders have a psychological rather than a physical cause. c. People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture. d. People with these disorders experience memory and identity disturbances.

c. People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails? Select one: a. exposure therapy b. flooding c. aversive conditioning d. systematic desensitization

c. aversive conditioning

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders? Select one: a. memory loss b. feeling sad and hopeless over a long period of time c. becoming split off, or separated, from one's core sense of self d. rapidly fluctuating mood

c. becoming split off, or separated, from one's core sense of self

Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide? Select one: a. alcohol dependence b. have access to lethal weapons, such as firearms c. being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.) d. history of previous suicide attempts

c. being a fan of violent media (music, television shows, movies, etc.)

What is comorbidity? Select one: a. having two causes for a single disorder b. mental disorder leading to death c. co-occurrence of two disorders d. having two causes of death

c. co-occurrence of two disorders

Which term refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so? Select one: a. disclosure b. discretion c. confidentiality d. privilege

c. confidentiality

Kai cuts her foot while hiking. She forgot to pack bandages, but she has a tube of superglue and uses that to seal the wound. Kai's ability to invent a solution uses the ________ intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence. Select one: a. fluid b. crystallized c. creative d. analytic

c. creative

Which pair of neurotransmitters has received the most attention as a potential explanation for the symptoms of schizophrenia? Select one: a. serotonin and norepinephrine b. gamma-aminobutyric acid and oxytocin c. dopamine and serotonin d. norepinephrine and gamma-aminobutyric acid

c. dopamine and serotonin

Rudy is amazing in all of his school classes, except math. He struggles to understand basic arithmetic concepts, confuses mathematical symbols like "+" and "=", and gets very frustrated and upset at the thought of doing math homework. Rudy has a normal level of cognitive functioning in other areas, and reads and writes with ease. Rudy's parents may want to have him evaluated to see if he suffers from ________. Select one: a. dyslexia b. intellectual disability c. dyscalculia d. dyslexia

c. dyscalculia

Although her reading skills are just fine, Beatriz has difficulty with her writing. Her teachers have noticed that no matter how hard she tries and how much they work with her the handwriting on her papers is almost illegible. Further, although she has great thoughts and understands concepts at a high level, she is unable to put them into a cohesive written paper. Beatriz may suffer from ________. Select one: a. intellectual disability b. dyscalculia c. dysgraphia d. dyslexia

c. dysgraphia

In Medieval times, what would be the most likely form of treatment for someone suffering the symptoms of a psychological illness? Select one: a. trephination b. bloodletting c. exorcism d. the "spinning technique"

c. exorcism

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for? Select one: a. anchoring bias b. representative bias c. functional fixedness d. hindsight bias

c. functional fixedness

Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ________. Select one: a. in which an individual experiences mania, characterized by extremely cheerful and euphoric mood, excessive talkativeness, irritability, increased activity levels, and other symptoms b. in which an individual has a tendency to repetitively and passively dwell on one's depressed symptoms, their meanings, and their consequences c. that applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy. d. characterized by mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

c. that applies to women who experience major depressive symptoms during or in the four weeks after a pregnancy.

Illnesses such as diabetes and cancer kill more than twice the number of Americans than murder or car accidents. However, Zale sees car accidents as more dangerous because he often hears about car accident fatalities on the nightly news, and he doesn't know anyone with diabetes or cancer. Therefore, Zale takes more precautions against car accidents. This exemplifies ________. Select one: a. the hindsight bias b. an algorithm c. the availability heuristic d. functional fixedness

c. the availability heuristic

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this? Select one: a. free association b. transference c. unconditional positive regard d. active listening

c. unconditional positive regard

An intelligence score that falls below ________ indicates significant cognitive delays, and may be indicative of an intellectual disability. Select one: a. 100 b. 130 c. 40 d. 70

d. 70

Researchers have found that approximately _____ percent of those with dissociative identity disorder were physically and/or sexually abused in childhood, leading to the conclusion that trauma can be a cause of this disorder. Select one: a. 65 b. 80 c. 99 d. 95

d. 95

What was the most controversial conclusion made by Arthur Jensen with regard to Level 1 and Level II intelligence? Select one: a. Level I intelligence at higher levels should exempt citizens from military service. b. Those without Level II intelligence should be sterilized so that they could not reproduce. c. Level I intelligence could only be mastered by those who were socioeconomically advantaged. d. African Americans, as a group, had the lowest amount of Level II intelligence.

d. African Americans, as a group, had the lowest amount of Level II intelligence.

In a study of several thousand women, it was found that rates of bulimia nervosa was more prevalent among _________ women when compared to non-Hispanic whites. Select one: a. Native American and Pacific Islander b. Eastern and Western European c. Hispanic and Asian-American d. Hispanic and African American

d. Hispanic and African American

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis? Select one: a. Psychoanalysis involves using free association to work through repressed desires, while behavior therapy focuses on how undesirable behaviors are predicted unconsciously, in our dreams. b. Behavior therapy involves free association and dream analysis, while psychoanalysis focuses on the use of classical conditioning to change patterns of thinking. c. In psychoanalysis, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while behavior therapy involves digging deeply into one's unconscious. d. In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

d. In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

What is the Flynn effect? Select one: a. The idea that standard intelligence tests are flawed when they are used to compare ethnic groups. b. The observation that each generation has a significantly lower IQ than the previous generation. c. Once a person knows his IQ, he stops trying to excel academically. d. The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation.

d. The observation that each generation has a significantly higher IQ than the previous generation.

Which option is NOT one of the Wechsler tests of intelligence? Select one: a. Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) b. Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) c. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) d. Wechsler Adolescent Intelligence Measure (WAIM)

d. Wechsler Adolescent Intelligence Measure (WAIM)

The approach to psychology suggesting that psychological disorders may be best explained by looking at genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities is the ________ perspective. Select one: a. diathesis-stress b. psychodynamic c. gestalt d. biological

d. biological

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality? Select one: a. antisocial personality disorder b. avoidant personality disorder c. schizotypal personality disorder d. borderline personality disorder

d. borderline personality disorder