PSY 210 Exam 2 Quiz Solutions

we are not conscious we are using it.

The defining characteristic of implicit memory is that

15-20 seconds.

The effective duration of short-term memory, when rehearsal is prevented, is approximately

manipulated.

The emphasis of the concept of working memory is on how information is

the misinformation impairs or replaces memories formed during the original experiencing of an event.

The memory impairment hypothesis states that the misinformation effect occurs because

after the event.

The misinformation effect occurs when a person's memory for an event is modified by misleading information presented

extreme vividness of a memory does not mean it is accurate.

A lesson to be learned from the research on flashbulb memories is that

remembering where a best friend had moved.

A patient with impaired episodic memory would most likely have the greatest difficulty in

constructive

According to the _____ approach to memory, what people report as memories is based on what actually happened plus additional factors such as other knowledge, experiences, and expectations.

"Fill in the following with the first word that comes to mind: T _ _ E."

An item on an implicit memory test would most likely resemble which of the following?

saying "the, the, the" fills up the phonological loop

Articulatory suppression causes a decrease in the word-length effect because

constructive nature of memory.

Bartlett's experiment in which English participants were asked to recall the "War of the Ghosts" story illustrated the

a smaller response set.

Compared to the whole-report technique, the partial-report procedure involves

It is memory for the circumstances surrounding how a person heard about an emotional event that remains especially vivid but not necessarily accurate over time.

Flashbulb memory is best represented by which of the following statements?

MAC, CAN, CAP, MAN, MAP

Given what we know about the operation of the phonological loop, which of the following word lists would be most difficult for people to retain for 15 seconds?

He should think of the numbers as a sequence of basketball statistics.

If basketball legend Shaquille O'Neal wanted to remember his 16-digit credit card number, which of the following memory techniques would you recommend?

Counting backward for 30 seconds before recall

Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear?

schemas

In the experiment in which participants sat in an office and then were asked to remember what they saw in the office, participants "remembered" some things, like books, that weren't actually there. This experiment illustrates the effect of _____ on memory.

"smashed."

Loftus and Palmer's "car-crash slides" experiment shows how a seemingly minor word change can produce a change in a person's memory report. In this study, the misinformation was (were) the word(s)

decay; interference

Peterson and Peterson studied how well participants can remember groups of three letters (like BRT, QSD) after various delays. They found that participants remembered an average of 80 percent of the groups after 3 seconds but only 10 percent after 18 seconds. They hypothesized that this decrease in performance was due to _____, but later research showed that it was actually due to _____.

the more convincing the testimony is to a jury.

Research on eyewitness testimony has shown that the more confident the person giving the testimony is of their memories,

7 plus or minus 2.

The "magic number," according to Miller, is

recall of information stored in LTM.

The primacy effect is attributed to

a list of long words than a list of short words.

The word-length effect shows that it is more difficult to remember

recognition

This multiple choice question is an example of a ____ test.

episodic; semantic

Two types of declarative memory are _____ and _____ memory.

iconic memory

When light from a flashlight is moved quickly back and forth on a wall in a darkened room, it can appear to observers that there is a trail of light moving across the wall, even though physically the light is only in one place at any given time. This experience is an effect of memory that occurs because of

Reading a sentence in a book

Which of the following involves procedural memory?

Semantic memory

Which of the following is NOT an example of an implicit memory?

I remember the day we learned about how talking on cell phones can impair driving ability

Which of the following is NOT an example of semantic memory?

A sequential lineup increases the chance that the witness compares each person in the lineup to his or her memory of the event.

Which of the following statements is true of police lineups?