PSY 302 Ch. 8

Which of the following statements about self-conception is most likely to be made by a child rather than by an adolescent?

"I am a girl; I have two brothers; I like to read."

psychosocial moratorium

a period during which individuals are free from excessive obligations and responsibilities and can therefore experiment with different roles and personalities

identity vs identity diffusion

according to Erikson, the normative crisis characteristic of the 5th stage of psychosocial development, predominant during adolescence

fake-self behavior

behavior that intentionally presents a false impression to others

Adolescents are most likely to exhibit false-self behavior with their

dates

Erik Erikson believed that ________ is the primary psychosocial crisis of adolescence.

establishing a coherent sense of identity

Which of the following is not one of the personality dimensions of the Five-Factor Model

gender intensification

Mei was an impulsive preschooler. It is likely that, as an adolescent, she will be:

impulsive

Adolescents are most likely to behave __________ in romantic situations and with a classmate, and they are least likely to engage in ___________ behavior with close friends

inauthentically; false-self

What does the Five-Factor Model describe?

personality dimensions

How positively or negatively people feel about themselves defines:

self-esteem

ethnic identity

the aspect of individuals' sense of identity concerning ancestry or racial group membership

self-conceptions

the collection of traits and attributes that individuals use to describe or characterize themselves

self-esteem

the degree to which individuals feel positively or negatively about themselves

Amy, a 16-year-old girl, is shy around boys though she would really like to be more outgoing. This reflects:

the discrepancy between her ideal and actual selves.

future orientation

the extent to which an individual is able and inclined to think about the potential consequences of decisions and choices

sense of identity

the extent to which individuals feel secure about who they are and who they're becoming

immigrant paradox

the fact that on many measures of psychological functioning and mental health, adolescents who have immigrated more recently to the U.S. score higher on measures of adjustment than adolescents from the same ethnic group whose family has lived in the U.S. for several generations

gender intensification hypothesis

the idea that pressures to behave in sex-appropriate ways intensify during adolescence

identity diffusion

the incoherent, disjointed, incomplete sense of self characteristic of not having resolved the crisis of identity

identity foreclosure

the premature establishment of a sense of identity, before sufficient role experimentation has occurred

negative identity

the selection of an identity that is obviously undesirable in the eyes of significant others and the broader community

agency

the sense that one has an impact on one's world

five-factor model

the theory that there are five basic dimensions to personality; extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience

possible selves

the various identities an adolescent might imagine for him/herself

Overall, which group of adolescents feels least positive about themselves?

white females