Psychology Chapter 7 Test
combining chunks of information into a catchy or recognizable format like a phrase jingle or acronym
Mnemonic devices
Freud says repression is a reaction to...
painful unpleasant memories
tendency to recall the initial or first items in a series
primary effect
tendency to recall the last items in a series
recency effect
easiest of the 3 basic memory tasks
recognition
forgetting something on purpose because it is painful or unpleasant
repression
relating new information to something you already know helps remember by...
requiring deeper thought
the process of locating stored information and returning it to conscious thought
retrieval
memory loss of the events leading up to or before a traumatic event
retrograde amnesia
memory loss of the events that take place after a traumatic event
anterograde amnesia
memory of specific events
episodic memory
memory specific to autobiographical and general knowledge
explicit memory
repeating something to yourself until you remember it
maintenance rehearsal
a person remembering a foreign language vocab does this by....
maintenance rehearsal, constructing links, and paired associates
process by which we recollect prior experiences, information, and skills learned in the past
memory
in order to remember information for long periods of time it must be....
transferred to long term memory
organizes items into familiar units to be remembered easily
chunking
studying in the same room that you will take a test in helps because of...
context dependent memories
visual code helps a person remember a fact by...
creating a mental picture
sensory register that holds sound
echoic memory
ability to remember visual stimuli for long periods of time
eidetic memory
relating something to information you already know
elaborate rehearsal
both computers and people handle information by...
encoding
process of transferring information into a form of which it can be stored
encoding
an episodic memory that is recalled in great detail
flashbulb memory
eyewitness memories of a crime can be distorted by....
hypnosis
type of sensory register that holds visual memory
iconic memory
infantile amnesia is a result of...
immature hippocampus, incomplete formation of language, and being focused on only the present
memory of skills people have learned
implicit memory
skills for riding a bicycle are part of....
implicit memory
the inability to remember things that happened during infancy (before age 3)
infantile amnesia
when new information appears in short term memory and takes the place of what was already there
interference
most people forget things because of the normal memory processes of...
interference and decay
what is a drawback of maintenance rehearsal?
it does not connect memorized material to past learning
we can remember bits of information by organizing it into mental representations of the world
schemas
facts learned in class become part of....
semantic memory
memory of general knowledge
semantic memory
1st stage of memory?
sensory memory
how many items can the average person hold in short term memory?
seven items
information in short term memory lasts for ...
several seconds
Also called working memory
short term memory
memories that are retrieved because the mood in which they were encoded is created
state dependent memories
process where we maintain encoded information for periods of time
storage
Hermann Ebbinghaus' experiments show that a person's ability to recall a list of words decreases after...
the first hour of learning it
flashbulb memories are vivid because...
the recall events with a special meaning