Psychology

a.) Children are biologically preprogrammed to learn language b.) All languages have aspects that are universal c.) A and B d.) Only A

According to Nativist theories of language:

a.) Any alcohol consumption during pregnancy will result in major abnormalities b.) Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is only problematic for those who predisposed to developmental problems c.) Alcohol consumption during the embryonic period of pregnancy is most likely to result in major abnormalities d.) Alcohols consumption during the last week of pregnancy is most likely to result in major abnormalities

Which of the following best describes critical periods in prenatal development?

a.) Poverty b.) Social Neglect c.) Both of the above are risk factors d.) Neither of the above are risk factors

Which of the following is an early childhood risk factor for decreased synaptic density? c.) Both of the above are risk factors

a.) True b.) False

Monozygotic twins have different DNA b.) False

a.) Attachment b.) Sensitive Period c.) Imprinting d.) secure base

A baby duck following around the first large thing they see upon hatching is an example of: c.) Imprinting

a.) Develop normally b.) Never form relationships c.) Have trouble forming later relationships d.) none of the above

A child who does not develop a secure attachment within the first two years of life will most likely: c.) Have trouble forming later relationships

a.) Verbs b.) Adjectives c.) Nouns d.) Pronouns

Babies typically expand their vocabulary during the "vocabulary explosion" period by rapidly learning more: c.) Nouns

a.) Connected b.) Eliminated c.) Reinforced d.) None of the above

During synaptic pruning, synapses that are not used are b.) Eliminated

a.) Unable to acquire speech b.) Able to understand everything she heard c.) Able to acquire a relatively large vocabulary in a short period of time d.) Able to develop speech that was. native-like

Genie was:

a.) Were followed b.) Received extra nutrition c.) Received stimulation d.) Received extra nutrition and stimulation

High-risk children in Jamaica who ______ were able to catch up developmentally to their peers two years later d.) Received extra nutrition and stimulation

a.) A few weeks of rest required after a concussion to properly heal b.) Concussions only affect children and adolescents without fully developed brains c.) Concussions only affect those who have had a large amount of concussions d.) Side effects often do not appear until much later on

In what way does having a concussion appear to have a critical or sensitive period?

a.) Overextension b.) Shape Bias c.) A and B d.) Only A

Jonathan is going through the "vocabulary explosion" period. He has learned the word for ball. However, he is calling different types of objects that are round, "ball" (including marbles). Jonathan is using:

a.) A word applies to multiple objects b.) A word applies only to one object c.) Multiple words applies only to one object d.) None of the above

Mutual exclusivity is the idea that:

a.) True b.) False

Research with kittens, who had one eye sewn shut from birth to 3 months, informed studies investigating infants born with cataracts. True

a.) Children need social support/interaction to learn language b.) Children who are lacking access to language need schooling to learn language c.) Deaf children need hearing aids in order to learn an oral language d.) Deaf children's intellectual problems need to be addressed before they can learn language

The story of Nicaraguan Sign Language is evidence that: