quiz 1 essentials of nutrition

are needed by the body in small amounts.

trace-elements

Vitamins stored in fats cells; they do not have to be ingested daily:

Fat-soluble vitamins

How many days can the body survive without water?

2-3 two to three

nutrition

The proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy.

What is the scientific definition of "nutrition"?

The proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy.

the cell's main source of energy

glucose

is the basis of good nutrition because it is essential to all forms of metabolism in the body.

water

Vitamins that are stored in the body for a short time; they should be ingested daily

water-soluble vitamins

The body loses approximately _____ pints of water a day through sweat, urine, and exhalation.

5-6 five to six

The body is over ____ percent water.

60 percent sixty %

The best source of water is soda with caffeine.

false

are organic acids that aid in the transportation and breakdown of cholesterol.

fatty acids

Carbohydrates are found in foods that contain:

starch sugar

is/are the body's primary and immediate source of energy.

carbohydrates

What are the six major nutrients that are found in food?

carbohydrates, fat, protein, water, vitamins, and minerals

are needed by the body in large amounts in order to maintain good health.

macro-elements

the process by which a cell converts nutrients into energy or materials

metabolism

There are 13 used by the body to maintain health.

minerals

Why are vitamins essential to good health?

They help the body convert carbohydrates into energy; they aid in the repair and construction of cells; they facilitate normal bodily functions.

Which of the following are reasons why vitamins are essential to good health?

Without vitamins the body could not grow. Without vitamins the body could not repair damaged tissue. Without vitamins the body could not produce energy. Without vitamins the body could not protect itself from infection.

the process by which the cells use nutrients to repair or build new tissues

anabolism

A is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius.

calorie

Six nutrients found in food

carbohydrates, proteins, fat, vitamins, minerals, water

the conversion of nutrients into energy

catabolism

is/are used by the body to synthesize Vitamin D, maintain the proper functioning of nerve cells, keep skin soft and supple, and transport fat to cells.

cholesterol

food source that contains all the essential amino acids

complete protein

carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose and help maintain proper blood sugar levels.

complex

_____ chemically alter the make-up of nutrients, changing them into a form that can be readily used by cells.

enzymes

amino acids that cannot be manufactured by the body and must be derived from food sources

essential amino acids

Excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as in the body.

fat

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon for their absorption by cells.

fats

During digestion, carbohydrates are converted by enzymes into

glucose

food sources that do not contain all the essential amino acid

incomplete protein

Chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of digestion are called:

nutrients

the nutrient that is essential to cellular construction, reproduction, and maintenance

protein

fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.

saturated

carbohydrates do not take long to digest and cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.

simple