Quiz #4 (Lectures 7 & 8)

Olfactory information is coded in receptor cells through ____. a. hundreds of types of receptor molecules, each responsive to a different chemical b. a different ratio of firing across three types of olfactory cells c. chemicals in the air that are transported to the olfactory cortex d. a different ratio of firing across six types of olfactory cells

a. hundreds of types of receptor molecules, each responsive to a different chemical

In the back of each of Teresita's eyes, the axons of her ganglion cells all leave in one large bundle called the ______. As a result, this causes her to experience a _____. a. optic nerve; blind spot b. optic chiasm; blind spot c. fovea; saccade d. optic nerve; saccade

a. optic nerve; blind spot

Professor Gerke is giving a lecture on the vestibular system. He tells the class that both the ____ are needed for vestibular information. a. semicircular canals and otolith organs b. semicircular canals and cochlea c. cochlea and otolith organs d. cerebellum and sinuses

a. semicircular canals and otolith organs

The fact that all colors on older televisions were created by combining only three different colors of light supports the ____ theory of color vision. a. trichromatic b. CRT c. retinex d. opponent process

a. trichromatic

Why does the fovea provide the clearest, most detailed visual information? a. It surrounds the optic nerve. b. It has tightly packed receptors c. It contains many blood vessels for supplying energy. d. It is closest to the pupil.

b. It has tightly packed receptors

What kind of receptors detect pain, warmth, and cold? Select one: a. Semicircular b. Somatosensory c. Cranial d. Vestibular

b. Somatosensory

Most auditory information is sent to which hemisphere of the brain? a. It depends on whether the individual is dominant for audition in the right or the left hemisphere b. The contralateral side c. The ipsilateral side d. The left hemisphere

b. The contralateral side

The one additional feature that hypercomplex cells have that complex cells do not is that hypercomplex cells ____. a. respond to bars of light in more than one orientation b. have a strong inhibitory area at one end of its receptive field c. have receptive fields that are triangular d. respond to their receptive field faster

b. have a strong inhibitory area at one end of its receptive field

Once within the cerebral cortex, the magnocellular pathway continues, with a dorsal branch important for ____. a. movement b. integrating vision with action c. details of shape d. color and brightness

b. integrating vision with action

In the auditory system, hair cells are specialized receptors that respond to ____. a. chemicals b. mechanical displacement c. vestibular input d. electromagnetic energy

b. mechanical displacement

Pain receptors of the skin are ____. a. elaborate neuron endings b. simple, bare neuron endings c. also known as Ruffini endings d. also known as Meissner's corpuscles

b. simple, bare neuron endings

Stimulation of a touch receptor opens ____ channels in the axon. a. choline b. sodium c. potassium d. calcium

b. sodium

The sensory aspect of pain activates the ____ cortex, whereas the emotional aspect activates the ____ cortex. a. cingulate; somatosensory b. somatosensory; cingulate c. premotor; fusiform d. fusiform; premotor

b. somatosensory; cingulate

The current view of how we perceive sounds less than 100 Hz is based on ____. a. the area along the basilar membrane that responds most strongly b. the frequency of action potentials c. the asymmetrical positioning of an individual's ears d. volleys of responses

b. the frequency of action potentials

In what order does visual information pass through the retina? a. Receptor cells, ganglion cells, bipolar cells b. Ganglion cells, bipolar cells, receptor cells c. Receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells d. Bipolar cells, receptor cells, ganglion cells

c. Receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells

Loudness is to ____ as pitch is to ____. a. amplitude; intensity b. pitch; tone c. amplitude; frequency d. frequency; intensity

c. amplitude; frequency

Reduced response to one taste after exposure to another is referred to as ____. a. adaptation b. PTC c. cross-adaptation d. umami

c. cross-adaptation

Color and brightness constancy are best explained by the ____ theory of color vision. a. trichromatic b. constancy c. retinex d. opponent-process

c. retinex

The current view of how we perceive high frequencies is based on ____. a. the ratio of firing among three types of receptors b. the frequency of responses by each auditory neuron c. where along the basilar membrane neurons fire most rapidly d. volleys of responses by many auditory neurons

c. where along the basilar membrane neurons fire most rapidly

What is responsible for sharpening contrast at visual borders? a. The direction in which the light shines b. Retinal disparity c. Receptive fields d. Lateral inhibition

d. Lateral inhibition

Taste and smell axons converge onto many of the same cells in an area called the ____. Select one: a. striate cortex b. insular cortex c. frontal cortex d. endopiriform cortex

d. endopiriform cortex

Once within the cerebral cortex, the magnocellular pathway continues, with a ventral branch sensitive to ____. a. details of shape b. brightness c. facial features d. movement

d. movement

According to the trichromatic theory of color vision, the most important factor in determining the color we see is the ____. a. velocity of the action potential b. absolute activity of a single cone c. difference between cone and rod activity d. relative activity of short, medium, and long wavelengths

d. relative activity of short, medium, and long wavelengths

Corrie is studying for a quiz on the rods and cones. She writes in her notes that _____ are more ______. a. rods; useful for seeing fine details b. cones; likely to be bleached by sunlight c. cones; responsive to movement d. rods; sensitive to dim light

d. rods; sensitive to dim light

What is one way to determine whether a given cell in the primary visual cortex is "simple" or "complex"? a. whether it is sensitive to the orientation of the stimulus b. whether its receptive field is monocular or binocular c. the shape of its receptive field d. whether it can respond equally to lines in more than one location

d. whether it can respond equally to lines in more than one location