Quiz 5
Portal cirrhosis is a chronic disease of the liver. Observed on an electrophoretic serum protein pattern, a predominant characteristic of this disease is
A bridging effect between the gamma and beta bands
Elevations in which of the following are MOST likely to indicate liver disease?
AST, ALT, and ALK phosphatase
If serum proteins were immersed in a buffer of pH 8.6, which protein- albumin (pI=4.7) or gamma globulin (pI=7.6)- would migrate farthest by electrophoresis, and toward which electrode?
Albumin/anode
The acute phase reactant protein that also inhibits proteolysis and has the highest concentration within its globulin fraction is
Alpha 1 antitrypsin
A protein that is normally produced by the fetus but is found in increased amounts in the amniotic fluid in cases of spina bifida is
Alpha 1 fetoprotein
Azotemia refers to
An increase in urea in the blood
Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?
Dehydration
Serum urea levels are less affected by diet and metabolism than are serum creatinine levels (T/F)
False
Elevated levels of ammonia are seen in
Liver disease
Which of the following electrophoretic media separates proteins primarily on the basis of molecular size?
Polyacrylamide gel
Common clinical laboratory methods for the measurement of serum albumin are based on the properties of albumin as a
Binding protein
Of the following drug therapies, which is MOST likely to interfere with the Jaffe chemistry for measuring creatinine?
Cephalosporin
What globulin is one of the natural defense mechanisms of the body that lyses the cells it binds to?
Complement
Given the following lab results, what is the most likely cause of this patient's BUN? BUN 45 mg/dL ... O2 sat. 51.3%
Congestive Heart Failure
The kinetic Jaffe method is used in the measurement of
Creatinine
Peptide bonds of proteins bind with what kind of ions of biuret reagent to produce a colored product?
Cupric
Which of the following best describes the correct collection and handling conditions for a blood ammonia measurement?
Draw heparin tube, keep on ice, test immediately
Of the following protein fractions, the one that is not produced in the liver is
Gamma globulin
A glycoprotein that binds with hemoglobin to facilitate the removal of hemoglobin by the reticuloendothelial system is
Haptoglobin
Urea
Is synthesized from CO2 and ammonia
The major causes of decreased plasma urea concentration include
Low protein intake and severe liver disease
What sets proteins apart from pure carbohydrates and lipids?
Nitrogen content
The term below that is related to the ability of plasma proteins to maintain plasma water volume is
Oncotic pressure
Which amino acid disorder that can cause mental retardation is evaluated by the Guthrie method or MS/MS?
PKU
Monitoring of what in patients on chemotherapy due to leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma is necessary to avoid nephrotoxicity?
Serum uric acid
In the commonly used 'Caraway' colorimetric method for uric acid in serum, interference from other reducing substances such as ascorbic acid is minimized by the addition of
Sodium Carbonate
The biuret method for total serum protein is used for serum but not for protein in urine or CSF because
The method is not sufficiently sensitive for use with urine or CSF
Ammonia is a nonprotein nitrogen-containing compound (T/F)
True
An enzymatic method for creatinine on the VITROS (Kodak Ektachem) analyzer uses the reagent enzyme creatinine aminohydrolase (T/F)
True
Indirect urea methods begin with hydrolysis of urea to ammonia (T/F)
True
Serum uric acid levels may be elevated in patients undergoing chemotherapy (T/F)
True
The abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation considers all of the following variables except
Urine creatinine concentration
BNP is a marker for
Congestive Heart Failure