Quiz 5

Portal cirrhosis is a chronic disease of the liver. Observed on an electrophoretic serum protein pattern, a predominant characteristic of this disease is

A bridging effect between the gamma and beta bands

Elevations in which of the following are MOST likely to indicate liver disease?

AST, ALT, and ALK phosphatase

If serum proteins were immersed in a buffer of pH 8.6, which protein- albumin (pI=4.7) or gamma globulin (pI=7.6)- would migrate farthest by electrophoresis, and toward which electrode?

Albumin/anode

The acute phase reactant protein that also inhibits proteolysis and has the highest concentration within its globulin fraction is

Alpha 1 antitrypsin

A protein that is normally produced by the fetus but is found in increased amounts in the amniotic fluid in cases of spina bifida is

Alpha 1 fetoprotein

Azotemia refers to

An increase in urea in the blood

Increased serum albumin concentrations are seen in which of the following conditions?

Dehydration

Serum urea levels are less affected by diet and metabolism than are serum creatinine levels (T/F)

False

Elevated levels of ammonia are seen in

Liver disease

Which of the following electrophoretic media separates proteins primarily on the basis of molecular size?

Polyacrylamide gel

Common clinical laboratory methods for the measurement of serum albumin are based on the properties of albumin as a

Binding protein

Of the following drug therapies, which is MOST likely to interfere with the Jaffe chemistry for measuring creatinine?

Cephalosporin

What globulin is one of the natural defense mechanisms of the body that lyses the cells it binds to?

Complement

Given the following lab results, what is the most likely cause of this patient's BUN? BUN 45 mg/dL ... O2 sat. 51.3%

Congestive Heart Failure

The kinetic Jaffe method is used in the measurement of

Creatinine

Peptide bonds of proteins bind with what kind of ions of biuret reagent to produce a colored product?

Cupric

Which of the following best describes the correct collection and handling conditions for a blood ammonia measurement?

Draw heparin tube, keep on ice, test immediately

Of the following protein fractions, the one that is not produced in the liver is

Gamma globulin

A glycoprotein that binds with hemoglobin to facilitate the removal of hemoglobin by the reticuloendothelial system is

Haptoglobin

Urea

Is synthesized from CO2 and ammonia

The major causes of decreased plasma urea concentration include

Low protein intake and severe liver disease

What sets proteins apart from pure carbohydrates and lipids?

Nitrogen content

The term below that is related to the ability of plasma proteins to maintain plasma water volume is

Oncotic pressure

Which amino acid disorder that can cause mental retardation is evaluated by the Guthrie method or MS/MS?

PKU

Monitoring of what in patients on chemotherapy due to leukemia, lymphoma, or multiple myeloma is necessary to avoid nephrotoxicity?

Serum uric acid

In the commonly used 'Caraway' colorimetric method for uric acid in serum, interference from other reducing substances such as ascorbic acid is minimized by the addition of

Sodium Carbonate

The biuret method for total serum protein is used for serum but not for protein in urine or CSF because

The method is not sufficiently sensitive for use with urine or CSF

Ammonia is a nonprotein nitrogen-containing compound (T/F)

True

An enzymatic method for creatinine on the VITROS (Kodak Ektachem) analyzer uses the reagent enzyme creatinine aminohydrolase (T/F)

True

Indirect urea methods begin with hydrolysis of urea to ammonia (T/F)

True

Serum uric acid levels may be elevated in patients undergoing chemotherapy (T/F)

True

The abbreviated Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation considers all of the following variables except

Urine creatinine concentration

BNP is a marker for

Congestive Heart Failure