Quiz 6: Osteology

Each one of the coxal bones is formed by the fusion of ________ bones. Question 12 options: a) 2 b) 3 c) 4 d) 5

3

Most mammals, including humans and giraffes, have ________ cervical vertebrae. Question 16 options: a) 11 b) 6 c) 7 d) 19

7

The tarsus (ankle) contains ________ bones. Question 12 options: a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 7

7

The carpus (wrist) contains ________ bones. Question 8 options: a) 4 b) 5 c) 3 d) 8

8

There are ________ carpal bones located in the wrist, which form ________ rows of bones in the wrist. Question 2 options: a) 2; 8 b) 10; 3 c) 4; 2 d) 8; 2

8; 2

A(n)__________ fractures are completely internal; they do not break through the skin. Question 17 options: a) Open b) Closed c) Compound d) Recurrent

Closed

Which of the following accounts for almost two-thirds of the weight of bone? Question 10 options: a) Osteoid b) Mineral salts c) Collagen fibers d) Fluoride

Mineral salts

The________ bone reduces the weight of the skeleton and reduces the load on muscles. Question 19 options: a) Long b) Irregular c) Spongy d) Compact

Spongy

Parathyroid hormone Question 10 options: a) stimulates osteoclast activity. b) increases the rate of calcium absorption. c) decreases the rate of calcium excretion. d) raises the level of calcium ion in the blood. e) all of the above

all of the above

The hyoid bone Question 6 options: a) attaches to tongue muscles. b) is a bone associated with the skull. c) is superior to the larynx. d) all of the above

all of the above

The sacrum protects these organs. Question 4 options: a) reproductive b) digestive c) urinary d) all of the above e) none of the above

all of the above

The sternum contains Question 3 options: a) the manubrium. b) the jugular notch. c) the body. d) the xiphoid process. e) all of the above

all of the above

Which of following is a function of the skeletal system? Question 15 options: a) body support b) calcium homeostasis c) protection of internal organs d) blood cell production e) all of the above

all of the above

Which of the following are distinctive features of thoracic vertebrae? Question 4 options: a) heart-shaped bodies b) long spinous processes c) rib articulations d) all of the above e) none of the above

all of the above

Which of the following is a function of the axial skeleton? Question 9 options: a) provides an attachment for muscles that move the axial skeleton b) provides an attachment for muscles that move the head, neck, and trunk c) provides an attachment for muscles involved in respiration d) all of the above e) none of the above

all of the above

Which of these surface features does the ulna possess? Question 8 options: a) olecranon b) styloid process c) radial notch d) all of the above e) none of the above

all of the above

The lining of the medullary cavity is called the Question 6 options: a) endosteum. b) periosteum. c) dentin. d) perichondrium.

endosteum.

What structure allows a bone to grow in length? Question 15 options: a) lacunae b) epiphyseal plate c) diaphysis d) trabeculae

epiphyseal plate

After a fracture of the diaphysis has healed, the thickened region that results is called the Question 8 options: a) epiphyseal plate. b) external callus. c) tuberosity. d) condyle.

external callus.

Thoracic vertebrae can be distinguished from other vertebrae by the presence of Question 3 options: a) transverse processes. b) transverse foramina. c) facets for the articulation of ribs. d) bifid spinous processes.

facets for the articulation of ribs.

Which of these bones was not formed by the fusion of several bones? Question 13 options: a) coccyx b) Ossa Coxae c) sacrum d) femur

femur

The largest bone of the lower limb is the Question 7 options: a) tibia. b) femur. c) fibula. d) calcaneus.

femur.

The longest and heaviest bone in the body is the Question 17 options: a) humerus. b) femur. c) tibia. d) fibula.

femur.

The lateral malleolus is found on the Question 17 options: a) femur. b) tibia. c) fibula. d) patella.

fibula.

A rib is an example of a ________ bone. Question 6 options: a) sesamoid b) short c) flat d) sutural

flat

A rounded hole through a bone is termed a Question 19 options: a) ramus. b) foramen. c) linea. d) tubercle. e) facet.

foramen.

A deep hollow (pit) on a bone is termed a Question 18 options: a) fossa. b) sulcus. c) facet. d) crest

fossa.

The cranium (or braincase) is formed by the ________ bones. Question 17 options: a) frontal, temporal, and maxillary b) frontal, parietal, and zygomatic c) temporal, parietal, and mandible d) frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital

frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital

Excessive growth hormone prior to puberty could result in Question 17 options: a) osteoporosis. b) dwarfism. c) rickets. d) giantism.

giantism.

Which of these features is located near the proximal end of the humerus? Question 7 options: a) medial epicondyle b) lateral epicondyle c) greater tubercle d) olecranon fossa

greater tubercle

The articular cartilage of a typical long bone is composed of what type of cartilage? Question 7 options: a) elastic cartilage b) bony cartilage c) hyaline cartilage d) fibrocartilage

hyaline cartilage

The greater sciatic notch is a feature on the Question 14 options: a) ilium. b) patella. c) pubis. d) femur.

ilium.

The largest component of Os Coxae is the Question 11 options: a) pubis. b) ischium. c) ilium. d) femur.

ilium.

The sacrum articulates with the Question 7 options: a) ilium. b) ischium. c) pubis. d) ilium and pubis

ilium.

In the anatomical position, the ulna is ________ to the radius. Question 20 options: a) distal b) proximal c) medial d) superior

medial

Fat is stored within the Question 13 options: a) medullary cavity. b) epiphyseal plate. c) spongy bone. d) epiphysis.

medullary cavity.

Intramembranous ossification begins with differentiation of ________ cells. Question 11 options: a) osteoclast b) osteocyte c) mesenchymal d) osteoblast

mesenchymal

The direct formation of bone in fibrous membrane is called: Question 12 options: cancellous formation. synarthrosis. diarthrosis. none of the above

none of the above

The pubis and ischium encircle the Question 19 options: a) pubic symphysis. b) lesser sciatic notch. c) greater sciatic notch. d) obturator foramen.

obturator foramen.

The foramen magnum is found in the ________ bone. Question 6 options: a) frontal b) parietal c) sphenoid d) occipital

occipital

Cells that secrete the organic components of the bone matrix are called Question 7 options: a) osteocytes. b) chondrocytes. c) osteoblasts. d) osteoclasts.

osteoblasts.

The lacunae of osseous tissue contain Question 9 options: a) blood cells. b) osteocytes. c) chondroblasts. d) capillaries.

osteocytes.

Which of the following diseases is caused by Staphylococcus bacteria and results in infection of the bone marrow? Question 5 options: bursitis arthritis osteomyelitis osteoporosis

osteomyelitis

The structural units of mature compact bone are called Question 18 options: a) lacunae. b) osteocytes. c) osteons. d) canaliculi.

osteons.

If the level of calcium in the blood plasma should drop, which of the following would act to restore the normal calcium level? Question 5 options: vitamin C parathyroid hormone phosphorus red bone marrow

parathyroid hormone

Which of these is not one of the bones of the face? Question 19 options: a) parietal b) maxilla c) zygomatic d) mandible

parietal

The clearest distinction between a male and female skeleton is seen in the characteristics of the Question 3 options: a) thoracic cage. b) pelvis. c) sacrum. d) teeth.

pelvis.

The sella turcica contains the ________ gland. Question 2 options: a) lacrimal b) pituitary c) olfactory d) nasal

pituitary

The formation of red blood cells is the function of: Question 10 options: red bone marrow. yellow bone marrow. osteocytes. osteoblasts.

red bone marrow.

Humans normally have ________ pairs of ribs. Question 13 options: a) 2 b) 6 c) 24 d) 12

12

Each hand has ________ phalangeal bones. Question 20 options: a) 15 b) 20 c) 14 d) 18 e) 10

14

How would removing hydroxyapatite from bone matrix affect the physical properties of a bone? Question 3 options: a) The bone would be less flexible. b) The bone would be stronger. c) The bone would be more brittle. d) The bone would be more flexible.

The bone would be more flexible.

All of the following are true of the sacrum, except that it Question 15 options: a) provides protection for reproductive, digestive, and excretory organs. b) articulates with the coccyx. c) articulates with the Ossa Coxae. d) articulates with the second and third lumbar vertebrae.

articulates with the second and third lumbar vertebrae.

The dens (odontoid process) is found on the Question 5 options: a) atlas. b) axis. c) sacrum. d) coccyx. e) ribs.

axis.

When production of sex hormones increases at puberty, epiphyseal plates Question 11 options: a) get wider. b) begin closing. c) increase slowly. d) are hardly affected.

begin closing.

The central canal of an osteon contains Question 16 options: a) bone marrow. b) osteocytes. c) lacunae. d) blood vessels.

blood vessels.

Which of the following tissues is considered vascular, that is, contains blood vessels? Question 18 options: cartilage bone dentin both b and c none of the above

bone

During appositional growth Question 1 options: a) bones grow shorter. b) bones grow wider. c) bone is replaced by cartilage. d) the epiphysis separates from the diaphysis.

bones grow wider.

Gesturing no with the head depends on which cervical vertebrae? Question 2 options: a) atlas b) axis c) both atlas and vertebra prominens (seventh cervical vertebra) d) both atlas and axis

both atlas and axis

The bony roof of the mouth is formed by ________ bone(s). Question 13 options: a) the palatine b) the vomer c) the maxilla d) both the palatine and maxilla

both the palatine and maxilla

Which of the following is formed by intramembranous ossification? Question 1 options: a) roof of the skull b) carpal bones c) femur d) clavicle e) both the roof of the skull and the clavicle

both the roof of the skull and the clavicle

Which of the following is the heel bone? Question 10 options: a) talus b) patella c) calcaneus d) hyoid

calcaneus

Bone plays a central role in the regulation of blood levels of Question 9 options: a) potassium. b) iron. c) sodium d) calcium.

calcium.

The lacunae are connected to each other by: Question 11 options: lamellae. canaliculi. osteocytes. blood vessels.

canaliculi.

Endochondral ossification begins with the formation of a(n) Question 20 options: a) fibrous connective-tissue model. b) cartilage model. c) membranous model. d) muscle model.

cartilage model.

Which of these is most commonly fractured in a fall? Question 5 options: a) radius b) scapula c) clavicle d) glenoid cavity

clavicle

The only direct connection between the pectoral girdle and the axial skeleton is where the Question 5 options: a) clavicle articulates with the humerus. b) clavicle articulates with the manubrium of the sternum. c) clavicle articulates with the xiphoid process. d) vertebral column articulates with the sacrum.

clavicle articulates with the manubrium of the sternum.

Which of these constitutes the pectoral girdle? Question 1 options: a) clavicles only b) clavicles and scapulae c) clavicles, scapulae, and humerus d) clavicles, scapulae, humerus, radius, and ulna

clavicles and scapulae

As the result of an accident, Bill suffers a dislocated jaw. This injury would involve the Question 16 options: a) lacrimal fossa. b) hyoid bone. c) condylar process of the mandible. e) cribriform plate.

condylar process of the mandible.

The smooth, rounded articular process of a bone is termed a Question 20 options: a) crest. b) ridge. c) spine. d) condyle.

condyle

The nasal conchae Question 18 options: a) attach muscles that move the eye. b) attach muscles that move the eyelids. c) create turbulence in the nasal passageways. d) protect the pituitary gland.

create turbulence in the nasal passageways.

Each of the following structures is associated with the sphenoid bone, except the Question 9 options: a) foramen ovale. b) optic canals. c) cribriform plate. d) sella turcica.

cribriform plate.

The hormone calcitonin functions to Question 1 options: a) stimulate osteoclast activity. b) decrease the rate of calcium excretion. c) decrease the rate of calcium absorption. d) decrease the level of calcium ion in the blood.

decrease the level of calcium ion in the blood.

When seated, the weight of the body is borne by the Question 20 options: a) ischial tuberosities. b) posterior inferior iliac spines. c) iliac crests. d) obturator foramina.

ischial tuberosities.

The humerus is an example of a(n) ________ bone. Question 19 options: a) long b) short c) flat d) irregular

long

When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone, Question 4 options: a) puberty begins. b) bone growth begins. c) the bone becomes more brittle. d) long bones have reached their adult length.

long bones have reached their adult length.

Which of the following is not a part of the pelvis? Question 4 options: a) sacrum b) coccyx c) coxal bone d) lumbar vertebrae

lumbar vertebrae

Each of the following bones is a component of the orbital complex, except the ________ bone. Question 12 options: a) lacrimal b) mandible c) sphenoid d) ethmoid e) frontal

mandible

You witness one of your friends in a fight. He is hit in the jaw and when looking at him, his face looks misaligned. You immediately take him to the emergency room and are not surprised to learn that he has a broken Question 6 options: a) temporal bone. b) clavicle. c) mandible. d) external auditory meatus.

mandible.

The lower jaw articulates with the temporal bone at the Question 14 options: a) mandibular fossa. b) mastoid process. c) zygomatic process. d) styloid process.

mandibular fossa.

A lack of exercise could Question 16 options: a) cause bones to become thicker. b) cause bones to lose their medullary cavity. c) result in porous and weak bones. d) cause bones to become longer.

result in porous and weak bones.

While performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on an unconscious person, you are careful to position your hands correctly to avoid damage to the Question 8 options: a) ribs. b) scapula. c) xiphoid process. d) sacrum. e) ribs and xiphoid process.

ribs and xiphoid process.

Which of these types of vertebrae and their numbers is not correct? Question 3 options: a) cervical-7 b) thoracic-12 c) lumbar-5 d) sacral-1 e) coccygeal-3 to 5

sacral-1

Which of the following bones is not part of the appendicular skeleton? Question 13 options: a) scapula b) tibia c) sacrum d) carpals

sacrum

Bones that develop within tendons are called ________ bones. Question 9 options: a) irregular b) sesamoid c) sutural d) tendon

sesamoid

A skull bone that could be described as looking like a bat with wings extended is the Question 16 options: a) maxilla. b) crista galli. c) sphenoid. d) ethmoid.

sphenoid.

The type of bone that is adapted to withstand stresses that arrive from many directions is ________ bone. Question 10 options: a) spongy b) cortical c) compact d) lamellar

spongy

Which sequence below lists the proper order in the healing of a fracture? Question 1 options: bony callus formation (ossification), stage of granulation tissue and fibrocartilaginous callus, stage of hematoma stage of granulation tissue and fibrocartilaginous callus, bony callus formation (ossification), stage of hematoma stage of hematoma, stage of granulation tissue and fibrocartilaginous callus, bony callus formation (ossification) bony callus formation (ossification), stage of hematoma, stage of granulation tissue and fibrocartilaginous callus

stage of hematoma, stage of granulation tissue and fibrocartilaginous callus, bony callus formation (ossification)

Which bone has a manubrium? Question 11 options: a) scapula b) clavicle c) sternum d) all vertebrae

sternum

The distal end of the tibia articulates with the Question 14 options: a) talus. b) fibula. c) patella. d) calcaneus.

talus.

The external acoustic meatus is a foramen in which skull bone? Question 2 options: a) zygomatic b) vomer c) temporal d) parietal

temporal

The zygomatic arch is formed by which two bones? Question 8 options: a) temporal and maxilla b) frontal and temporal c) sphenoid and temporal d) temporal and zygomatic

temporal and zygomatic

The styloid process, mastoid process, and auditory ossicles are associated with the Question 14 options: a) parietal bone. b) occipital bone. c) sphenoid. d) temporal bone.

temporal bone.

Which of the following are not components of the skeletal system? Question 12 options: a) tendons b) bones c) ligaments d) cartilages

tendons

The ribs articulate with the Question 15 options: a) cervical vertebrae. b) thoracic vertebrae. c) lumbar vertebrae. d) all of the above e) none of the above

thoracic vertebrae.

The interconnecting tiny arches of bone tissue found in spongy bone are called Question 4 options: a) osteons. b) trabeculae. c) lamellae. d) lacunae.

trabeculae.

The ribs articulate with the ________ of the vertebrae. Question 18 options: a) spinous processes b) transverse processes c) laminae d) pedicles

transverse processes

The large proximal projection on the femur is termed the Question 14 options: a) condyle. b) trochanter. c) tuberosity. d) tubercle.

trochanter.

Which of the following bones is classified as irregular in shape? Question 2 options: a) ulna b) frontal c) vertebra d) metatarsal

vertebra

Of the following bones, which is unpaired? Question 15 options: a) vomer b) maxilla c) palatine d) nasal

vomer