quiz 8

As a result of the negotiations of President Nixon and his secretary of state, _ , communist China obtained the permanent seat at the _ , formerly occupied by Taiwan. Months later, Nixon became the first Cold War president to visit _.

- Henry Kissinger -United Nations -the Soviet Union

What response did the Freedom Riders receive when they rode buses from Washington, D.C., through the Deep South?

They were violently attacked by a mob when they reached Alabama.

Match each of the following cities/towns with its significance to the civil rights movement.

This city was known as the "citadel of segregation. -Birmingham Riots occurred here when James Meredith enrolled at the University of Mississippi. -:Oxford Protesters attempted to march to the state capitol to demand voter registration fairness. -Selma A. Philip Randolph's march for "jobs and freedom" took place in this city in August 1963. -Washington, D.C.

Identify the statement that describes the new "social contract" in the 1950s.

Unions agreed to try to prevent unauthorized strikes in return for wage increases and fringe benefits.

Ford's greatest achievement came in 1975 under the realm of foreign policy when the United States signed the Helsinki Accords. These deconstructed the post-World War II national boundaries in Europe.

false

One of the leaders of the Free Speech Movement at the University of California at Berkeley was Richard Nixon. His experience as a leader of the movement gave Nixon the national exposure he needed to launch his presidential campaign.

false

What was the significance of the Stonewall Inn riot as a source for the rights revolution of the late 1960s?

it marked the advent of gay liberation after homosexuals at the Stonewall Inn fought back against routine police harassment.

The civil rights movement of the late 1950s was a conglomeration of people from different economic and social backgrounds and faiths. Identify the missions of the following groups.

-Initially an integrated group of people, its focus was on integrating interstate busses and bus terminals. CORE -Initially made up of college students, its focus was on integrating public restaurants and stores. NCC -National organization created to improve the lives of all minorities NAACP

In 1952, while running as the vice-presidential candidate of Dwight D. Eisenhower, _ saved his political career with his "Checkers speech." This speech illustrated the power of _ in politics and of bringing carefully crafted images into the home. The Republican Party also shifted strategies as it went from the _ party to the party of the "forgotten man."

-Richard Nixon -television -pro-business

While Kennedy focused on _ for most of his administration, Johnson focused on _.

-the Cold War -domestic reform

Throughout the twentieth century, increased social activism helped Americans with disabilities achieve recognition and equal protection through government legislation. Place these landmark events regarding the rights of Americans with disabilities in chronological order.

1. Both houses of Congress unanimously pass the Rehabilitation Act 2. Disability activists organized sit-in demonstrations targeting the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare. 3. Congress passed the Americans with Disabilities Act.

Place the labels in order to describe how supply-side (or "trickle-down") economics was supposed to stimulate the economy, according to advocates for Reagan's economic program.

1. Wealthy Americans receive significant tax breaks. 2. The wealthy increase their levels of investment. 3. People at all income levels work harder and businesses realize increased profits. 4. The government sees an increase in tax revenue from increased profits in the private sector.

In the 1950s, television changed several aspects of the American lifestyle. Identify the key changes that resulted from the growing influence of television.

Correct: -American eating habits changed. -Television became the first choice for information about public events. Incorrect: -Movies and live theater still held more popularity than television in the late 1950s. -The increased viewing of television in the 1950s exposed Americans to more controversial topics than ever before.

Identify the causes of the population increase that followed World War II.

Correct: -Couples married younger than previous generations. -Couples had more children than generations of the 1930s and 1940s. Incorrect: -an increase in immigration

Identify the statements that describe the March on Washington in August 1963.

Correct: -It represented significant collaboration between whites and blacks to further the civil rights cause. -It was the largest public demonstration in American history (at the time). -Martin Luther King Jr. cited the Declaration of Independence in his speech. Incorrect: -Martin Luther King Jr. read his famous Letter from Birmingham Jail to the crowd.

Why did social and political upheaval reach global proportions in 1968?

Correct: -Martin Luther King Jr., a leader of the civil rights movement, was assassinated. -The international community was outraged over the Tet offensive in Vietnam. -New Left students were protesting the Vietnam War in France and Italy. Incorrect: -John F. Kennedy was elected president.

Analyze the following passage from the "Statement of Purpose" by the National Organization for Women. What social changes does NOW believe are necessary to enable women to enjoy equality and freedom?

Correct: -NOW wanted more women to have the opportunity to participate in the public sphere. Incorrect: -NOW encouraged women to delay marriage and have fewer children. -NOW sought more accessibility to contraceptives and information on reproductive health.

Under President Carter, human rights became the focal point of American foreign policy. To neoconservatives, this made the United States look weak to the rest of the world. According to the map below, to which of the following countries did the United States government send American troops in the 1980s?

Correct: -Panama -Nicaragua -El Salvador Incorrect: -Honduras -Mexico

Read the selection below from "Statement of Purpose," by Betty Friedan with the National Organization for Women (1966). What social changes does NOW believe are necessary to enable women to enjoy equality and freedom?

Correct: -Society should recognize the social and economic contributions of women who work as homemakers and mothers. -Society needs an increase in child-care options so that men and women have equal opportunities to grow their careers outside the home. Incorrect: -Women do not need men or marriage. -Women need to stop doing housework and caring for children, as society does not value their contributions.

What did the Senate Church Committee reveal that further widened the credibility gap between the government and the American people?

Correct: -The FBI spied on key members of the civil rights movement to despoil their images. -The CIA conducted secret operations to overthrow foreign governments. Incorrect: -Congress repealed the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), keeping the public from gaining access to federal records of information. -Kennedy signed an executive order allowing all intelligence agencies the right to spy on American citizens.

The Alliance for Progress was Kennedy's attempt to do for Latin America what the Marshall Plan did for Western Europe. Why did the Alliance fail in Latin America?

Correct: -The local elites who controlled the aid money enriched themselves, rather than helping the poor. -The plan involved far smaller sums of money than the Marshall Plan. Incorrect: -The new loans quickly solved the indebtedness in the region and Latin America refused to accept future American loans. -The United States provided wholehearted support to only those countries that supported communism.

What was the military industrial complex, and why did Eisenhower express concerns about it?

Correct: -The military industrial complex was the combination of massive military buildup and the establishment of an arms industry that thrives both in times of war and peace. -Eisenhower worried that the country's military industrial complex threatened to limit both liberties and the democratic process. Incorrect: -The military industrial complex was the term applied to the Soviet threat to the United States. -Eisenhower worried that the military industrial complex would lead to all-out nuclear war.

The counterculture was a youth movement that exposed the generation gap between the baby boomers and their parents. What values were endorsed by the counterculture?

Correct: -community Incorrect: -consumerism -unbending rules -suburban housing

Identify the events that led to the civil rights revolution of the 1950s.

Correct: -the destabilization of the racial system during World War II -the rise of independent states in the Third World with nonwhite leaders -the mass migration of blacks out of the segregated South Incorrect: -Dwight D. Eisenhower became the first Republican president to actively call for a mass mobilization to end injustice.

Identify the most important issues—both political and personal—in the presidential election of 1960.

Correct: -the missile gap -Kennedy's Christian denomination Incorrect: -crime in inner cities the Vietnam War

Review the following video with author Eric Foner as well as the "Brochure on the Equal Rights Amendment" published by the Philadelphia chapter of the National Organization for Women (NOW). According to the NOW, what would the ERA accomplish if ratified?

Correct: -the right for married women to establish credit, and own and operate businesses -constitutionally outlaw gender-based discrimination in the workplace Incorrect: -outlaw gender discrimination in professional sports guaranteed leadership positions for women in company management structures

The results of the 1952 presidential election split overwhelmingly along regional lines, with the Democratic Party dominating much of the South, and the Republican Party dominating the rest of the country. Below, drag the name of each candidate to the state where he secured the most electoral votes.

Dwight Eisenhower: 45 Adlai Stevenson: 14

In determining the significance of the presidential campaign of 1960, the text points out two critical and similar factors in the outcome of that election. One was that image outweighed substance during the first televised debate between presidential candidates. Which of the following was the other parallel observation regarding the triumph of image over substance?

Mrs. Kennedy was youthful and trendy. unlike the outgoing president's spouse.

In both pictures below, the protesters can be seen wearing their "Sunday best." What message are they trying to convey about their purpose by wearing their best clothes?

They are trying to show the seriousness and religious-like conviction of their endeavor.

Kennedy's plan for Cuba escalated from fanning a revolt to an amphibious landing by several hundred Cubans trained by the CIA in Guatemala, known as the Bay of Pigs invasion. Identify the ultimate result of this expedition.

The invasion failed with more than 100 killed and many more captured.