Science Finals
A unicellular, prokaryotic organism is discovered by scientists. Are these characteristics enough to place it in a domain, or is more information needed? More information is needed because it could be a member of Bacteria or Archaea. More information is needed because it could be a member of Eukarya or Archaea. These characteristics are enough because it can be determined to be a member of Bacteria. These characteristics are enough because it can be determined to be a member of Eukarya.
A.
How has the EPA improved air quality over the last 30 years? by monitoring pollutants and passing regulations to reduce air pollution by decreasing soil erosion and dust storms by building marine refuges to help protect marine life and reduce air pollution by decreasing of fossil fuel use in motor vehicles and industry
A.
How much of Earth's water is fresh water? 3 percent 25 percent 75 percent 90 percent
A.
How would living things most likely be affected if there were a shortage of water on Earth? Living things would not be able to live, reproduce, or regulate their own temperature. Living things would not be able to absorb and transport heat or regulate their own temperature. Living things would not be able to reproduce or absorb and transport heat. Living things would not be able to regulate their own temperature, live, or absorb or transport heat.
A.
In which two places is aggregate generally found? floodplains and alluvial fans alluvial fans and mines mines and beneath the topsoil beneath the topsoil and above the topsoil
A.
The eastern coral snake and Texas coral snake look almost identical and are often mistaken, but they are actually different species. Because they are different species, what can be concluded? They will have sterile offspring. They have different venom. They have different coloring patterns. They cannot hunt prey in the same manner.
A.
What happens in terms of energy when a moving car hits a parked car, causing the parked car to move? The moving car transfers kinetic energy to the parked car. Kinetic energy in the moving car disappears. Kinetic energy in the parked car is created. The parked car transfers kinetic energy to the moving car.
A.
What happens when the atmosphere interacts with the lithosphere? Gases are released from volcanic eruptions. Carbon dioxide is released during plant respiration. Plants absorb sunlight and minerals during photosynthesis. Oxygen gas is cycled as freshwater supplies are replenished.
A.
What is a major goal of the federal government when managing land resources? conservation land sales residential development privatization
A.
What is one important role that ocean waters have in heating Earth? absorb and transport solar energy transport nutrients and waste create and emit solar energy wear away rock and soil
A.
What process leads to deforestation and increased erosion? mining reforestation desertification urbanization
A.
What was the main reason for creating the EPA? enforce the Clean Air Act create new laws to keep the air clean provide funding for air pollution studies study the negative effects of polluted air
A.
Which accurately describes one impact of the atmosphere on Earth's cycles? produces wind currents changes nitrogen into carbon dioxide transfers carbon from plants to animals moves oxygen from volcanic eruptions for plants to use
A.
Which activity is a method of habitat restoration? cleaning up after environmental disasters allowing trees to grow naturally farming techniques like terrace farming and tree belts creating a reservoir to prevent flooding
A.
Which best describes a difference between energy transformations in power plants and dams? Only power plants use fossil fuels to transform energy. Only dams use fission to generate thermal energy. Only power plants use water to turn turbines. Only dams use mechanical energy to produce electricity.
A.
Which challenge arises from trying to protect the environment? high clean-energy startup costs less access to clean water lower taxes for citizens more land available for farming
A.
Which describes an attribute of nonrenewable resources? exist in fixed amounts are unlimited can often be replaced in a short time are replaced faster than they are used
A.
Which describes one way that renewable resources differ from nonrenewable resources? Renewable resources make cleaner energy. It takes longer to replenish renewable resources. Renewable resources are more easily located and harvested. It often costs much less to produce energy from renewable resources.
A.
Which energy source is a nonrenewable resource? oil sun trees D. wind
A.
Which factor would increase poor indoor air quality? carbon monoxide fossil fuels chemical run-off smog
A.
Which is a use for clay? ceramics batteries plaster chalk
A.
Which is one way that water helps living things? temperature regulation oxygen transportation heat absorption nutrient production
A.
Which material is a part of bedrock? silt plants wood water
A.
Which statement describes why the US Forest Service is important? It protects ecosystems, supervises public access of lands, and manages wilderness areas. It supervises public access of lands, manages wilderness areas, and enforces federal wildlife laws. It manages wilderness areas, enforces federal wildlife laws, and helps foreign governments with international conservation efforts. It enforces federal wildlife laws, helps foreign governments with international conservation efforts, and protects ecosystems.
A.
How can people conserve water at home? rinsing dishes with cool water instead of warm water washing dishes only when the dishwasher is full bathing pets with a hose instead of a bucket eating fish bought from the store
B.
How much of the protein consumed by humans around the world is fish? 5 percent 20 percent 40 percent 50 percent
B.
Leslie argues that an organism called a Euglena is a plant because it is eukaryotic, has a nucleus, makes its own food, and is unicellular. Where is Leslie's error? Plants do not make their own food. Plants are multicellular. Plants are prokaryotic. Plants do not have a nucleus.
B.
Savion listed the steps involved when nuclear power plants generate electricity. 1.Nuclear reaction occurs. 2.Nuclear energy is converted to radiant and thermal energy. 3.Heat is used to generate steam. 4.Light and heat are released. 5.Steam turns turbines. 6.Mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy. Which best explains how to correct Savion's error? In step 2, change "radiant and thermal " to "chemical and mechanical." Reorder the steps so that step 4 appears before step 3. Reorder the steps so that step 6 appears before step 5. In step 6, change "mechanical" to "thermal."
B.
What are some ways water shapes Earth's surface? by transporting nutrients and waste by forming glaciers and weathering ocean shores by forming river and mountains by absorbing and transporting solar energy
B.
What is one disadvantage of desalination? The process can ultilize solar energy to lower its cost. The process uses fuel that is expensive. The process makes water that is unsafe to drink. The process is too difficult to carry out in big cities.
B.
What is one way to make a positive impact on air quality to reduce air pollution? moving to a large city using public transportation planting crops in terraces releasing gases into the air
B.
What is the overall energy transformation in a coal-fired power plant? electrical to chemical chemical to electrical nuclear to radiant radiant to nuclear
B.
Where is most of Earth's 3 percent of fresh water found? oceans ice water vapor lakes
B.
Where is the majority of Earth's water found? glaciers oceans ground rivers and lakes
B.
Which correctly lists the three gases that are part of Earth's cycles in both the atmosphere and biosphere? radon, carbon monoxide, oxygen carbon dioxide, nitrogen, oxygen nitrogen, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide carbon dioxide, radon, oxygen
B.
Which factor is a major contributor to outdoor air pollution? radon fossil fuels ultrafine particles carbon monoxide
B.
Which federal agency makes sure federal wildlife laws are followed? US Forest Service US Fish and Wildlife Service Bureau of Land Management National Park Service
B.
Which is an issue that governments must consider before passing conservation policies? urbanization implications cost to implement conservation policies desertification implications cost to implement deforestation
B.
Which is the best strategy for addressing polluted air? Reduce the cost of chemicals used in industrial processes. Study the effects of mold exposure on people who suffer from asthma. Encourage people to continue burning fossil fuels as they drive vehicles. Build industrial plants and facilities that release chemicals during processing.
B.
Which list contains only plant phyla? mosses, annelids, conifers, chordates mosses, ferns, conifers, flowering plants cnidarians, mollusks, annelids, arthropods, echinoderms, chordates cnidarians, mollusks, ferns, annelids, arthropods, echinoderms, flowering plants
B.
Which statement describes an advantage of renewable resources? They are cheaper than traditional energy sources. They are a source of clean energy. They are located everywhere around the world. They are an affordable means of energy production.
B.
Which statement describes indoor air pollution? Smog is a common source of indoor air pollution. Ultrafine particles are classified as indoor air pollutants. Indoor air pollution does not affect symptoms for people with asthma. Chemicals from industrial power plants cause indoor air pollution.
B.
Which substance is a natural land resource used in construction? steel bedrock clay salt
B.
Why are emperor penguins considered a species? They all look alike. They can mate and produce offspring that can mate and produce offspring. They can mate and produce offspring that cannot mate. They all walk in a similar manner.
B.
A construction company is building a house. After a truck delivers the materials, workers build a wooden frame, cover the exterior with bricks, and spread gravel for the driveway. Which resource used in the scenario is nonrenewable? the wooden frame of the house the gravel rocks in the driveway the diesel fuel in the delivery truck the clay bricks on the outside of the house
C.
How do renewable and nonrenewable resources differ? Renewable resources are artificial. Nonrenewable resources are artificial. Renewable resources replenish within our lifetime. Nonrenewable resources replenish within our lifetime.
C.
Prokaryotes are found in Eukarya only. Bacteria only. Archaea and Bacteria. Archaea and Eukarya.
C.
Sea corals live exclusively in the ocean and are radially symmetrical. They have microscopic stinging barbs that shoot out to immobilize their prey. This allows corals to hunt even while they are stuck to the ocean floor. What animal phylum do corals belong in? chordates mollusks cnidarians annelids
C.
Taro stated that when someone hits a golf ball with a club, the amount of energy the ball has changes, the amount of energy that the club has changes, and the total energy of the system that includes the ball and the club increases. Which best explains Taro's error? The amount of energy that the ball has does not change. The amount of energy that the club has does not change. The total energy of the system remains the same. The total energy of the system decreases.
C.
The human body stores chemical energy from digested food. Some of the chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy when the body moves. Which statement is best supported by this information? The body does not convert chemical energy to thermal energy. The body does not convert chemical energy to kinetic energy. Digested food is a source of potential energy. Digested food is a form of radiant energy.
C.
What happens when the atmosphere interacts with the biosphere? Winds are produced. Groundwater supplies are replenished. Carbon dioxide is cycled during plant respiration. Volcano eruptions influence the cycling of nitrogen.
C.
What is one example of reusing water? increasing salt levels in sea water watering the yard throughout the day watering flowers with dirty dishwater keeping the sink running while brushing teeth
C.
What term refers to the practice of renewing destroyed ecosystems? erosion terrace farming habitat restoration tree belting
C.
Which action destroys topsoil? mowing land adding nutrients to soil plowing land without replanting sowing seeds in land
C.
Which action has a positive effect on air resources? using fossil fuels building new homes walking to work or school removing vegetation such as trees
C.
Which activity directly converts energy from the Sun into chemical energy? a snake lying on a sunny rock to keep warm a rabbit using energy from food it has eaten to run a bean plant making its own food to grow a person burning firewood to cook food
C.
Which change is an example of transforming potential energy to kinetic energy? changing thermal energy to electrical energy changing mechanical energy to chemical energy changing nuclear energy to radiant energy changing radiant energy to electrical energy
C.
Which energy source would provide the cheapest electricity for a factory? solar panels wind turbines gas generators a hydroelectric plant
C.
Which is a cause of desertification? farming creating reservoirs overgrazing driving motor vehicles
C.
Which is an example of how water is used inside and around the home? fishing in a lake washing clothes at the laundromat brushing teeth before bed washing a car in an automatic carwash
C.
Which is an important question to consider when creating an environmental policy? How can it reduce the need for green spaces? How can it help to increase human impact on resources? Is the benefit worth the cost? How will it reduce tourist activity?
C.
Which sphere is the atmosphere interacting with when winds are produced over oceans? asthenosphere biosphere hydrosphere lithosphere
C.
Which statement defines an ore? Rock broken down to become part of the topsoil. Rock dug out from the earth to use in construction. Rock dug out from the deep inside earth and refined. Rock exposed as a result of loss of topsoil.
C.
Which statement provides the best argument against making major changes to the atmosphere to help protect Earth's resources? There will be less soil and dust in the air as construction increases. The atmosphere will improve as more people move to large cities. Making major changes to the atmosphere can be a costly process. It is more important to protect land and water resources than the atmosphere.
C.
Why was 1990 an important year regarding air quality? The United States took first steps to keep the air clean. The United States created the Environmental Protection Agency. Modifications and improvements were made to the Clean Air Act. Funding was established under the Clean Air Act to study air pollution.
C.
Wood has chemical energy, which can be used to generate thermal and radiant energy when burned in a fireplace. Which best explains what happens to the total amount of energy in this scenario? The total energy in the system increases because chemical energy creates thermal and radiant energy. The total energy in the system decreases because chemical energy disappears as thermal and radiant energy are generated. The total energy in the system remains the same as the decrease in chemical energy equals the increase in thermal and radiant energy. The total energy in the system remains the same as the increase in chemical energy equals the decrease in thermal and radiant energy.
C.
A scientist found a new species in a rain forest. The species was small and green in color. She examined one of its many cells and found that the cell had a nucleus but no cell wall. To which kingdom does this species most likely belong? plants, because it is green and small bacteria, because it is small and has a nucleus fungi, because it is green and has no cell wall animals, because it is multicellular with no cell wall
D.
How does fresh water differ from coal as a resource? Coal replenishes quickly, while fresh water does not. Fresh water is an artificial resource, while coal is a natural resource. Coal is a clean resource , while fresh water is dirty. Fresh water is a renewable resource, while coal is a nonrenewable resource.
D.
Leeches are soft, squishy animals with long, tube-like bodies that are made of many repeating segments. They contain a heart that pumps blood through their bodies and survive by attaching to other organisms and sucking their blood. What animal phylum do leeches belong in? arthropods echinoderms chordates annelids
D.
What agency is directly related to supervising and managing campgrounds? US Forest Service Bureau of Land Management US Fish and Wildlife Service National Park Service
D.
What are the two main types of energy? radiant and chemical thermal and radiant potential and chemical kinetic and potential
D.
What is one way people positively affect water resources? polluting from nonpoint sources increasing farming and construction disposing of chemicals in water limiting use of acid and other pollutants
D.
Which gas do plants absorb from the atmosphere during photosynthesis? sulfur oxygen nitric oxide carbon dioxide
D.
Which statement describes a disadvantage of nonrenewable resources? It is hard to collect large quantities of them at a time. They inconsistent or unreliable as an energy source. They are expensive to collect and transform into energy. It is difficult to change the habit of using the resource.
D.
Which statement describes an advantage of nonrenewable resources? They produce clean energy. They replenish quickly. They are safe for the environment. They are currently found in abundance.
D.
Which statement provides the best argument in favor of deforestation? Deforestation prevents erosion of farmland. Deforestation prevents air and water pollution. Deforestation does not affect climate around the globe. Deforestation opens up land for mining and cattle ranching.
D.
A(n)___________is a group of organisms that can mate and produce offspring that can mate.
Species
