Science module 10

How much of all forests are considered taigas?

1/3

Grasslands cover more than 14 million square miles. This is almost _____ of the land on Earth.

1/4

Deserts receive less than

10 inches of rain

How many types of tundras are there?

2

In the arctic tundra, how many months of darkness are there?

2

A long term relationship between organisms that benefit both organisms

2 mutualism

Deserts are found from latitude 30 degrees South to

30 degrees North

Temperate deciduous forest have how many seasons?

4

The temperate deciduous forest has how many seasons?

4

Temperate Deciduous Forests can receive up to how much rain annually?

40 inches

What is the general temperature of the coral reef biome?

68° F and 82°F

hibernation

A period of inactivity that some animals experience in winter that allows them to survive on stored body fat

Explain how rivers from. Please use complete sentences and proper grammar.

A river forms by starting at a high elevation and the water is pulled down by gravity and the tilt of the earth. With help from precipitation from the sky the ground begins to erode away so that a small stream is formed as multiple streams get together they form a brook. As the brooks keeps flowing it may eventually reach a valley where it keeps wearing away at the ground until it becomes deeper, more streams and brooks combine to make one river.

deepest part of the ocean; cold and high pressure

Abyssal zone

Describe the soil in the tropical rainforest.

Acidic, thin, low in nutrients.

Tropical grasslands can be found in what continents?

Africa, Australia, South America, India

Explain how animals adapt to live in the cold salty ocean. Please use complete sentences and correct grammar.

Animals have adapted in many different ways to live in the cold and salty ocean. Mammals, for starters, have become accustom to live in such harsh living conditions by gaining an extra layer of fat or blubber or by gaining more fur like a sea otter. Deep in the ocean there is still life, these strange and unique creatures have adapted to living in these conditions by gaining and extra appendage that glows like an angler fish or a tripod fish that has three extra appendages that act as extra fins.

deepest layer. It is completely dark because none of the sunlight can penetrate down that far.

Aphotic zone

Temperate Deciduous Forests are found in ____________. (Choose all that apply.)

Asia Europe US Canada

The co-dominant species in Canda are _________. (Choose all that apply.)

Beech vs. Maple

along the ocean floor; deep sea

Benthic zone

Describe the Buffalo grass adaptations to live in the grasslands. Please use complete sentences and proper grammar.

Buffalo grass adapts to living in the grasslands by growing quickly in the warmer seasons and will become brown in the colder seasons.

Redwood trees are common in the temperate rainforest of __________.

California

middle layer

Disphotic zone

Where freshwater and saltwater meet

Estuaries

Why are Estuaries important?

Estuaries are important because they help maintain healthy fish in the ocean and without estuaries we would soon loose the quality and quantity of the fish as a food source. They also act as natural water filters for the earth. The sand and silt filter the water that goes into rivers and keep the ocean mildly clean for everyone to enjoy.

The dominant tree of the temperate rainforest in the Southern Hemisphere is the ____________.

Eucalyptus

found near the surface of the ocean. The only layer to receive light.

Euphotic zone

Where is the Taiga located?

Europe and Asia Northern parts of North America Northern Rocky Mountains

What is the best-adapted plant for porous soil?

Grass

Why do many hot deserts become cold at night? Please use complete sentences and proper grammar.

Hot deserts become cold at night because the hot air dissipates or depletes as the evening gets darker.

Match the characteristic with the freshwater ecosystem. Littoral Zone Limnetic Zone Water lilies Body of freshwater surrounded by land pondweed Bur Marigold profundal zone

Lakes and Ponds

What is a tree adaptation in the temperate deciduous forest

Leaves fall

this is found in the middle of the lake or pond near the surface. In this zone, you will find a high number of producers like phytoplankton or algae.

Limnetic Zone

Marine biomes make up _____% of the Earth's surface.

Marine biomes make up _____% of the Earth's surface.

The Atacama Desert rarely sees rain clouds because of the interaction of the cold Humboldt currents in the _______.

Pacific Ocean

The deepest part of the ocean is the Mariana Trench. It is found in

Pacific Ocean

open ocean and includes the photic zone

Pelagic zone

How do plants in the temperate grasslands adapt? Please use complete sentences and proper grammar.

Plants in the temperate grassland adapt by growing quickly, growing thin and broad leaves, and leaves fall off trees in the winter.

the last zone of a lake or pond is the bottom section of the pond or lake

Profundal Zone

How are animals adapted to living in temperate deciduous forests?

Some animals hibernate.

Tropical rainforests are found in ________________ (Choose all that apply)

Southeast Asia South America Africa

What is the largest land biome on earth?

Taiga

What does porous mean?

The soil allows for rapid draining of water

How have animals adapted to live in the habitats of the temperate rainforests? Please use complete sentences and proper grammar.

They have adapted to living in the temperate rainforests by adapting to were they live. Some animals live high up in the trees while some live in the underbrush oft he ground below, some are awake during the night and drowsy or even asleep during the day.

How have conifers adapted to survive cold snowy winters of the taiga? Please use complete sentences and correct grammar.

They have adapted to the taiga forest by gaining waxy leaves that holds more water, they have strong odor that works like an antifreeze, they have gained darker colors to retain sunlight, and they have limbs that bend downward to let snow just drip off.

The biome closed to the North and South poles is the _____________.

Tundra

What are two plant adaptations for living in the tundra? Please use correct grammar and complete sentences.

Two plant adaptations would be having shallow roots and have the ability to store food for all winter.

What are some benefits of having Wetlands? Please use complete sentences and proper grammar.

Wetlands provide food for people and other organisms, they create protection from flooding during strong storms. Wetlands also naturally filter water so it is okay to drink from these water sources.

The growing season in the tundra last

about 2 months

The soil of the taiga is _________.

acidic, thin, low in nutrition

Bacteria in the tropical rainforests ___________.

add nutrients to the soil

High mountain ranges are found in the ____________.

alpine tundra

The largest biome on earth is

arine

wet, muddy ground that is too soft to support a heavy body

bog

An adaptation for organisms living in the tundra is _________.

camouflaged fur or feathers

Factors that influence the type of river include _______. (Choose all that apply.)

climate down hill angle topography and geology

The water of rivers and streams is _________.

cold and fast moving

body temperature mirrors the temps of the environment

cold blooded

Because of ______, this does not allow for rain clouds to form often.

constant pressure

The living organisms comprised of producer (zooxanthellae) and consumer (cnidarian) qualities.

coral reef

The following are considered marine biomes

coral reefs estuaries oceans

The soil of the temperate grasslands is _________.

deep and rich with nutrients

Which light zones of the ocean are cold and low in nutrients? (Choose all that apply)

disphotic aphotic

Zones of lakes and ponds are determined by _______.

distance from shore

Deserts are

dry, hot

hibernation but avoiding heat and conserving moisture

estivate

Under animals of the tundra's fur and feather is a thick layer of _____ for insulation.

fat or blubber

Animals of the grasslands will migrate to ______________.

find water

Taiga means ________-.

forest

The tundra is place where the soil has a

frozen layer all year long.

What is the best adapted plant for porous soil?

grass

What are the ways that plants are adapted to live in the tundra?

grow in clusters, small leaves to retain moisture, and photosynthesize in cold weather.

Coral Reefs need.... (Choose all that apply)

high number of waves Calcium warm water clear and clean

The difference in lakes and ponds is _____________.

lakes are larger than ponds

Fires will start in the grasslands from _________.

lightning

diverse zone because it has warm shallow environment that is conductive to photosynthesis

littoral zone

adaptations in the desert

long roots, spines, and storing water in different ways, such as in fruit and leaves

To reduce water loss, trees in the temperate deciduous forest will _______.

lose their leaves

What type of animals are found in the grasslands?

many grazing animals

an area of low lying land that is flooded in wet seasons or at high tides, and typically always remains water logged

marsh

Rivers carve out carving paths called _________.

meandering rivers

The temperatures of the temperate forest are ______.

mild

The characteristics of hibernation include

minimizes nutrients needed, slow heart rate, slow metabolism

a stretch of swampy or boggy ground

mire

What kind of symbiotic relationship does a clownfish have with the sea anemone?

mutualistic

Tropical rainforest are located ______.

near the equator

comes out at dusk or dark

nocturnal

The soil in the temperate deciduous forest is ________.

nutrient rich

Freshwater wetlands do not connect to the _________.

ocean

The lowest parts of Earth are _____.

oceans

Tropical grasslands are usually bordered by

oceans deserts mountains forests

Producers in lakes and ponds have an important role because they provide ______ through photosynthesis.

oxygen

Algae in marine biomes produce ____________ and reduce ____________.

oxygen, carbon dioxide

Plants that do not die every year are called ____________.

perennials

When soil allows for rapid draining of water it is

porous

A mountain can prevent rain clouds form advancing into the desert. This is called

rain shadow effect

Perennial grasses can clone themselves by forming a net of connective plants that sprout from underground stems called ____________.

rhizomes

Moving bodies of freshwater that are caused by the runoff precipitation at higher elevations are

rivers and streams

Marine biomes are also called

saltwater regions

Estuary contains a mixture of

saltwater, hydrothermal vents

Pacific Ocean

salty

Carp and stickleback are

secondary consumers

Deciduous means

shed leaves in autumn

Plants in river and streams have ___________.

strong roots

If it is winter in the Northern hemisphere then it is _________ in the Southern hemisphere

summer

an area of low-lying uncultivated ground where water collects

swamp

Freshwater ecosystems include ________. (Choose all that apply.)

swamps ponds rivers some wetlands lakes

Temperate rainforests are located between the ___________.

taiga and tropical regions

Prairies are ____________.

temperate grasslands

Estuaries are located near

the coast

Complete darkness or total sunlight is caused by _______________.

the tilt of the earth

Tropical rainforests are one of the most diverse biomes. This means ______.

they have many organisms

The soil in the alpine tundra is ____________.

thin and low in nutrients

Savannas are ____________.

tropical grasslands

Co-domination means

two main species in a forest

Tropical rainforests are (Choose all that apply)

warm and humid

Tropical grasslands have 2 seasons. They are __________.

wet and dry.

Match the characteristic with the freshwater ecosystem. marsh swamp mire bog people want to destroy these to replace with malls and parks

wetland

Areas, where water does not absorb into the soil or flow downhill in rivers and streams, are

wetlands

Perennial grasses produce flowers that are fertilized by ___________. (Choose all that apply.)

wind animals insects