Section 1 and 2 The Rise of Islam History

Bedouins

1. A desert- dwelling Arab nomad. 2. These people moved through the desert in search of season oral pasturelands for their camels, goats, and sheep. There was competition for land for animals and resources. this resulted in warfare. 3. These people are important because they traded with settled Arab tribes and protected the caravan trading routes.

Sharia

1. Body of Islamic law that included interpretation of the Quran and applies Islamic principles to everyday life. 2. This was created by Muslim scholars. This law also included Islamic traditions. It is similar to Jewish law because it regulars moral conduct, family life, business practices and government. 3. This is important because it is the law that the Muslim people follow in their everyday life.

jihad

1. In Islam, am effort in God's service. 2. This a personal religious duty for muslim people. This is for focus on immortality and to overcome it. Nowadays this may mean a holy war to defend Islam. 3. This is important because it is an important focus for the Muslim people and may be misinterpreted by other Muslims of nonmuslims.

Mecca and Medina

1. Mecca was a city in western Saudi Arabia; birthplace of the prophet Muhammad and most holy city for Islamic people. Medina was a city in western Saudi Arabia; a city where Muhammad preached. 2. Mecca was also a crossroads for a lot of caravan routes. Many Arab's came to pray in Kaab, a temple in Mecca. Medina was called "city of the Prophet". It was originally called Yathrib. In this city Muslim converts welcome Muhammad. 3. These two cities are very important because they both had a part in Muhammad's life and were places of heat worship.

Hijra

1. Muhammad's journey from Mecca to Medina in 622 2. His rejection of traditional Arab god's angered people in Mecca. People threatened to murder him if he stayed in Mecca. So Muhammad left Mecca for Yathrib, which was later called Medina. This journey from Mecca to Medina was called Hijra. 3. This journey is important because it lead to Muhammad creating a life in Medina and converting a lot of people there.

Mosque

1. Muslim house of worship 2. Muslims can pray anywhere, but the usually pray in this house. It was originally called a muezzin. It called the faithful Muslims to prayer and worship. 3. This place of worship is important it was an important place of worship and prayer for the Muslims.

Hajj

1. One of the Five Pillars of Islam, the pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are expected to make at least once in their lifetime. 2. People would only take this journey if they were able to. The pilgrimage destination was Mecca. In this journey people remember the last actions of Muhammad. 3. This journey is important because it was important for the Muslims to participate in.

Caliph

1. Successor to Muhammad as political and religious lead of the Muslims. 2. Abu Bakar was the person elected by the Muslim to succeed Muhammad. He was the father- in- law to Muhammad and was an early convert to Islam. 3. This is an important person in the Muslim Faith because he was trying to continue Muhammad's work and continue the Islamic religion into greatness.

Quran

1. The holy book of Islam. 2. The Islamic religion is monotheistic and in this book of Islam they teach a lot about their one true God. In the book it says that all- powerful and compassionate. It states that people are respond able for their own actions. In the book it says that the Muslims do not need priests to mediate between the people and God. 3. This book is important because it the most important book to the Muslims and they say that Abraham, Moses, and Jesus were prophets of Islam.

Kaaba

1. The most sacred temple of Islam, located at Mecca. 2. Muhammad was in battle with the Meccan people and returned there in 630. this is when he destroyed the idols in Kaaba. This temple was believed to be built by Abraham and dedicated to one God. He rededicated it to Allah and it was now the most holy place in Islam. 3. This temple is important because it has both Christian and Islamic history behind it.

Sunni vs. Shiite

1. These are two groups of Muslims after the Split in beliefs. 2. The Sunni Muslims believe that the leader can be a male that have a good stand in religious authority. The Shiite Muslims believe the leader of the Muslims had to be related to Muhammad. 3. these two groups are important because they are still around today and this split in beliefs is still present today in Europe.