Sejong 2 Unit 1: Saying Hello, Greetings, Recent Events
음식을 줗아하고 노래도 줗아해요.
I like food as well as songs.
저는 집에서 많이 쉬었어요.
I rested a lot at home.
저는 한국어 공부도 하고 여행도 했어요.
I studied Korean and traveled. remember that for 하다 verbs you separate for particles like 안, 도.
아르바이트 하구 한국에 갔다 왔어요.
I worked part-time and visited Korea.
저는 요즘 회사에 다녀요. 일이 재미있어요. 그런데 일이 많아요. 그래서 정신이 없어요. 주말에는 한국어 공부를 해요. 한국어가 재미있어요. 그런데 어려워요. 한국어 공부를 하고 한국 친구와 전화를 해요. 즐거워요.
I've been working at a company lately. Work is interesting. But there's a lot of work. That's why I'm so distracted. I study Korean on weekends. Korean is interesting. But it's hard. I study Korean and call my Korean friend. I'm having fun.
안부
safety, welfare, wellbeing
방학
school vacation/holiday
어제
yesterday
그저 그래요. 하교도 다니고 아르바이트도 해요. 그런데 이번 주에 시험이 하다 있어요. 그래서 조금 힘들어요.
(It is) so-so/Nothing special (is happening). I attend/go to school and work part time. However, I have an exam this week. Therefore it's a little hard/I'm a bit anxious.
지내다
- to live in a certain condition/state - to pass a certain amount of time - to maintain a certain relationship with another person - to enter a certain position/rank - to hold an event or ceremony
100점
100 points
Choose which is incorrect. ① 월요일이에요. 그런데 학교에 안 가요. ② 운동을 잘해요. 그런데 공부를 잘해요.. ③ 봄은 따뜻해요. 그런데 겨울은 추워요. ④ 한국어는 어려워요. 그런데 재미있어요.
2 - 그런데 means however/but and it does not make grammatical sense in this context ① It's Monday. But I don't go to school. ② I'm good at sports. But I'm good at studying. ③ Spring is warm. But winter is cold. ④ Korean is difficult. But it's interesting.
근황에 대해 묻고 답하기
Ask and answer what you've been up to. 근황에 - recent information about someone 대해 - about 묻고 - asking and 답하기 - answering
방학을 잘 보냈어요?
Did you have a good school holiday?
요즘 어떻게 지내요/지내세요?
Have you been well recently?/How are you these days?
그동안 어떻게 지냈어요?
How have you been? 그동안 - in the meantime
오늘 날씨가 어때요?
How is the weather today?
요즘은 좀 바빠요. 그래서 정신이 없어요.
I am a little busy these days. That's why I am so distracted/why it's am a bit hectic.
잘 지내요.
I am doing well.
머리가 아파요
I have a headache/My head hurts.
오래간만이에요 / 오랜만이에요
It's been a while/long time, no see 오랜만이에요 is short form 오래 - long (time) 간만 - refers to the passage of time
Q: 요즘 많이 바빠요? A: 네, 이번 주에는 좀 바빠요. 그런데 다음 주에는 시간이 있어요.
Q: Are you very busy these days? A: Yes, this week I am a little busy. However, next week I have time/I am free.
Q: 제가 많이 늦었어요. 미안해요. A: 괜찮아요. 그런데 마크 씨는 언제 와요?
Q: I am very late. I am sorry. A: It's okay. By the way, when is Mark coming?
Translate into Korean: Q: How are you doing? A: I studied and also exercised.
Q: 그동안 어떻게 지냈어요? A: 저는 쿙부도 하구 운동도 했어요.
Translate to Korean: Q: What did you buy at the market? A: I bought bread and milk.
Q: 시장에서 무엇을 샀어요? A: 시장에서 빵을 사고 우유를 샀어요.
Translate to Korean: Q: What are you doing this weekend? A: I am going to clean and rest.
Q: 주말에 뭐 할 거예요? A: 주말에 청소를 하고 쉴 거예요.
요즘
Recently, nowadays, these days
오늘은 덥고 비가 와요.
Today it was hot and it rained.
휴가 때 뭐 했어요?
What did you do during vacation?
조금
a little
~도
a particle that means "also, too" which attaches to a noun. placement changes the meaning. 저도 한국어를 말하다 - **I** (comp: other people) speak Korean as well (In addition to other people) 저는 한국어도 말하다 - I speak **Korean** (comp: other languages) as well. Can be attached to multiple nouns to list things.
휴가
a vacation; (annual) leave
~게
adverbial suffix - transforms an adjective into an adverb 예쁘다 (pretty) -> 예쁘게(prettily) 쉽다(easy) -> 쉽게 (easily) 그는 쉽게 놀란다. - He scares easily.
다시
again
못, 못/-지 못하다
alternative forms of the pattern that means cannot or unable to. It shows that an action could not be done or achieved. This 못 pattern usually comes with verbs, but it can be used with a few adjectives, meaning that reaching the level that the adjective describes has not been achieved.
안부 묻기
asking about someone well-being.
몸
body, physique, health
그런데
but, however, by the way implies the next sentence is in contrast or a different topic to the first
손님
customer
비싼
expensive
음식
food, meal
고향
hometown, birthplace
병원
hospital
어떻다
how it is/how is it
많이
many, much, a lot
시장
market
등산
mountain climbing
영화
movie
영화관
movie theater
다음
next, following
아르바이트 (알바)
part time job 알바 - short form
식당
restaurant
지금
right now
~고
shortened form of 그리고 (clausal connective); typically means "and then" but can connect similar ideas as well. drop first verb ending and then add 고. no conjugations or tense. second verb is conjugated/tensed. 그 사람은 착하고 똑똑해요 - That person is kind and smart. 저는 자고 한국어를 공부했어요 - I slept and studied Korean.
때
similar to "during"; placed after a noun to refer to that period/even in a sentence. 저녁 때 - during dinner/evening time (으)ㄹ 때 is used with verbs 먹을 때 ( While eating )
좀
some, a bit (used to soften your words, to be more polite)
봄
spring
시험
test; exam
그럼
then, if so, in this case
이번에
this (time) i.e. week, day, year. etc.
전화를 받다
to answer the phone/receive a phone call
다니다
to attend; come and go to a place on a regular basis such as school, work, etc.
크다
to be big
바쁘다
to be busy
어렵다
to be challenging or difficult
춥다
to be cold (weather)
행복하다
to be happy, more of a permanent connotation
기쁘다
to be happy/pleased/ glad/excited when something good happens 합격해서 너무 기쁩니다 - I passed the exam. I am so happy.
즐겁다
to be happy/pleased/joyful at what the speaker is experiencing in the moment 공부는 즐거워요 - Studying is fun.
힘들다
to be hard, difficult, strenuous, tiring (requires lots of physical or mental energy)
정신(이) 없다
to be hectic, to be in a daze/distracted "don't have the mind/spirit"
덥다
to be hot (weather)
부족하다
to be insufficient/not enough or less than is needed
재미있다
to be interesting, fun
늦다
to be late
외롭다
to be lonely
비가 오다
to be raining
슬프다
to be sad
아프다
to be sick/hurt
작다
to be small
눈이 오다
to be snowing
그저 그렇다
to be so-so (a bit more on the negative side) "nothing special"
피곤하다
to be tired, exhausted (physically or mentally)
재미없다
to be uninteresting, boring
바람이 불다
to be windy (literally the wind blows)
청소하다
to clean
울다
to cry
화(가) 나다
to get angry, mad
시간이 있다
to have free time
웃다
to laugh
듣다
to listen, hear
쉬다
to rest
악수하다
to shake hands
말하다
to speak
보내다
to spend time (a specific time/event)
공부하다
to study
갔다 오다
to visit, to go and come back
걱정하다
to worry (about something)
너무
too much, very
noun: 여행 verb: 여행하다
travel, trip to go on trip
우산
umbrella
주
week
주말에
weekend
잘 (adverb)
well, good
언제
when
겨울
winter
Translate into Korean: Q: How is the weather today? A: It is cold and snowing.
가: 오늘 날씨가 어때요? 나: 오늘은 춥구 눈이 와요.
Translate into Korean: Q: What did you do over the weekend? A: I read a book and I also cleaned.
가: 주말에 뭐 했어요? 나: 저는 책도 읽구 청소도 했어요.
Translate into Korean: Q: What did you do over vacation? A: I visited Korea. I met my friend and also traveled.
가: 휴가 때 뭐 했어요? 나: 저는 한국에 갔다 왔어요. 친구도 만나구 여행도 했어요.
Translate to Korean: I visited my hometown.
고향에 갔다 왔어요.
Translate to Korean: I buy fruit and I buy milk.
과일을 사고 우유를 사요.
Translate and determine if blank should be 그리고, 그래서, 그런데 머리가 아파요. _________ 병원에 가요.
그래서 I have a headache. Therefore, I am going to the hospital.
Translate and determine if blank should be 그리고, 그래서, 그런데 내일이 시험이에요. _________ 지금 공부해요.
그래서 Tomorrow I have an exam. Therefore, I am studying now.
Translate and determine if blank should be 그리고, 그래서, 그런데 영화를 봤어요. _________ 재미없었어요.
그런데 I watched a movie. However, it wasn't fun.
Translate and determine if blank should be 그리고, 그래서, 그런데 오늘은 바빠요. _________ 내일은 안 바빠요.
그런데 I'm busy today. But I'm not busy tomorrow.
Translate and determine if blank should be 그리고, 그래서, 그런데 커피를 마셔요. _________ 친구하고 이야기를 해요.
그리고 I drink coffee. And then, I talk to my friend.
Translate to Korean: It is raining and it is windy.
비가 오고 바람이 불어요.
Translate to Korean: I eat bread and I drink coffee.
빵을 먹고 커피를 마셔요
Translate the following to Korean. There are too many customers in the restaurant. So, it's hectic.
식당에 손님이 너무 많아요. 그래서 정신이 없어요.
Translate to Korean: Yesterday it was cold. But it's warm/hot today.
어제는 날씨가 추웠어요. 그런데 오늘은 따뜻해요.
Translate to Korean: These days, I work out on the weekends. However this weekend I am not working out. This weekend my friend and I are going on a trip.
요즘 주말에 운동을 해요. 그런데 이번 주말에는 운동을 안 해요. 주말에 친구와 여행을 갈 거예요.
Translate the following to Korean: I am exercising a lot. My body is tired.
운동을 많이 해요. 몸이 힘들어요.
Translate to Korean: I like this bag. But it's too expensive.
이 가방이 좋아요. 그런데 너무 비싸요.
Translate into Korean: I have a lot of work at the company this week. I am very busy. But next week I have some time. I am having fun/I am pleased.
이번 주에는 회사 일이 많아요. 많이 바빠요. 그런데 다음 주에는 시간이 좀 있어요. 즐거워요.
Translate to Korean: I am big. But my brother is small.
저는 커요. 그런데 제 동생은 작아요.
Translate to Korean: I am Thai and a doctor.
저는 태국 사람이고 의사예요.
Translate to Korean: It's raining now. But I don't have an umbrella.
지금 비가 와요. 그런데 저는 우산이 없어요.
Translate to Korean: Today, my friends are going to the cinema/movie theater. But I'm very tired. I am going to rest at home.
친구들은 오늘 영화관에 가요. 그런데 저는 많이 피곤해요. 집에서 쉴 거예요.
Translate to Korean: It is fun to speak Korean. However, understanding Korean is a little difficult.
한국어 말하기는 재미있어요. 그런데 한국어 듣기는 조금 어려워요.