Sixth Grade Science - Minerals

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List Mohs minerals in order

1 talc 6 feldspar 2 gypsum 7 quartz 3 calcite 8 topaz 4 fluoride 9 corundoum 5 apatite 10 diamond

Some minerals have a hardness range instead of a harness value because atoms are _______ in _______ directions in their crystal structure

arranged differently different

product in which titanium is used

automobiles aircraft

qualities of a stone that make it a gemstone

beauty rarity

The way a mineral ________ can be a distinguishing characteristic

breaks

Gems and gemstones are ______ and _____ and ______ than common samples of that mineral

clearer brighter more colorful

Minerals with _______ break along smooth flat surfaces

cleavage

Sometimes vein mineral deposits fill in the empty spaces after a rock _______

collapses

_____ and _______ are two obvious clues that can help you identify minerals

color appeance

mineral groups are defined by their ______

composition

As magna cools its atoms lose heat energy, move together, and begin to combine into ________

compounds

A _____ is a solid in which the atoms are arranged in orderly repeating patterns

crystal

solid with atoms arranged in orderly repeating patterns

crystal

Sometime a gems has a __________ that allows it to be cut and polished to a higher quality than that of a non-gem material

crystal structure

A _______ is a group crystals with similar ______ which gives them __________

crystal systems atomic arrangement similar external crystal shapes

______ means that atoms are arranged in a pattern that is _______ over and over again

crystalline repeated

When water evaporates ions that are left behind can form ________.

crystals

a salt crystal is _____ in shape

cubic

____ are the hardest minerals

diamond

_____ is the hardest mineral with a value of 10

diamond

Crystals can form from solutions with or without ________

evaporation

A diamond can only be scratched by another diamond and they cannot be broken

false

All solids are minerals but not all minerals are solid

false

Color and appearance are enough to distinguish most minerals

false

Hardness is expressed as a number, but specific gravity is not.

false

Specific gravity is expressed as a number, but hardness is not.

false

Metallic elements dissolve into ______

fluids

naturally occurring

formed by processes on or inside Earth with no input from humans

Minerals with _______ break with uneven rough or jagged surfaces

fracture

_____ and _____ are highly prized minerals because they rare and beautiful

gems gemstones

_______ are perhaps the best known use of minerals but they are not the mot important

gemstones

Nonmetallic lusters can be dull pearly silky and ________

glassy

one of the softest minerals is

graphite

A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

hardness

_______ is sometimes used to describe how heavy a mineral feels

heft

Irons ore is _________

hematite

Two famous gems as diamond

hope and cullian

Some properties to study to identify minerals other than color and appearance are

how hard it is how it breaks its color when crushed into a powder

The type and size mineral that forms is determined by ____________

how rapidly the magma cools

Gems have ________ applications in abrasives lasers and electronics

industrial

not made by life processed

inorganic

If too much of a substance is dissolved in water ______ can come together and crystals of that substance can begin to form in the solution without evaporation

ions

______ is used in everything from frying pans to ships

iron

when magma cools slowly _______

large crystals form

Some minerals have unique properties that involve ______ or magnetism

light

properties that make titanium useful for tennis rackets and wheelchairs

lightness and durability

The way a minerals reflects light is ______

luster

some crystals form from _____ hot melted rock below the Earths surface

magma

_______ is hot melted rock material

magna

Crystals form from ______ and _______

magna and solutions

Luster can be ______ or nonmetallic

metallic

Minerals with _________ shine like metal

metallic luster

Streak is more useful for mineral identification than is __________

mineral color

_________can help you ______ minerals

mineral properties recognize

When a mineral does not shine like metal its luster is _________

nonmetallic

As the magma cooling process continues atoms of the different compounds arrange themselves into ________

orderly repeating patterns

A mineral or rock is an _____ if I contains a useful substance that can be mined at a profit

ore

An _____ is a mineral or rock containing a substance that can be mined for profit

ore

8 most common elements that are found in the Earths crust and mostly make up the most common minerals

oxygen silicon aluminum Iron calcium Sodium Potassium magnesium

______ are used in electronics and watches

quarts crystals

gems

rare and beautiful minerals that are highly prized

Elements must be _____ or purified from ores

refined

_______ are used to produce special laser lights

rubies

____ are minerals containing silicon oxygen and one or more other elements

silicates

silicates contain _______ oxygen and one or more other elements they include most common rock forming minerals

silicon

the two most abundant elements in Earth's crust; they form the building block of many minerals

silicon and oxygen

______ is when substance is melted to separate it from any unwanted materials that may remain

smelting

More than 200 years ago the _______ ______ surface on crystals led scientists to believe that minerals had an ______ structure inside

smooth flat orderly

crystals can form from ______ as water evaporates or too much of a substance is dissolve in water

solutions

The ________ test is useful only for mineral softer than the _______ plate

streak streak

Most industrial diamond and other gems are _______

synthetic

______ means man made

synthetic

_____ is the softest mineral with a value of one

talc

crystals may be cubic monoclinic and ______

teragonal

Rock forming minerals groups other than two most common are (3)

Feldspan Quarts Calcite

_______ is the measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched;

Hardness

_____and _______ are common in rocks that form when magma cools and solidifies

Illemite rutile

______ is a durable lightweight metallic element derived from minerals that contain the metal in their crystal structure

titanium

______ is a useful element derived fron the minerals ilmenite and rutile

titanium

A diamond can only be scratched by another diamond but they can be broken

true

Both hardness and specific gravity are expressed as a number.

true

Minerals can be distinguished by comparing the weight of equal sized samples

true

Only a solid can be a mineral but not all solids are minerals

true

Some minerals have a hardness range rather than a single hardness value

true

Gems are beautiful but they are also ______

useful

qualities of a mineral that classify it as ore

usefulness, profitability

Some elements dissolve in fluids travel through weaknesses in rocks an in those weaknesses form mineral deposits called _____ mineral deposits

vain

Most gems are special _____ of a particular mineral

varieties

Dissolved metallic elements travel through cracks in rocks and form _______

vein mineral deposits

the ______ scale compares minerals hardness

Mohs

4 characteristics of minerals

Naturally occurring Inorganic Element or compound with a definite chemical composition Orderly arrangement of atoms; all minerals are crystalline solids

________ is often called fools gold

Pyrite

Two minerals that are sources of the element titanium are _______ and _______

Rutile Illemite

_____ and ____ are the two most common group of rock forming minerals

Silicates carbonate

when magna cools rapidly _______

Small crystals Form

_________ is the ratio of a minerals weight to the weight of an equal volume of water expressed as a number

Specific gravity

__________ is the color of a mineral in powdered form

Streak

How many minerals are in the Mohs scale

10

Mohs scale was developed in _______ by __________ to compare the hardness of minerals

1824 Fredrick Mohs

There are _______ different minerals on Earth

4,000

ilmenite rutile mined for ________

Titanium


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