Smart book assignment chapter2

Name the type of bond that holds amino acids together in a protein molecule

Peptide bond

Name the type of bond that holds amino acids together in a protein molecule

Peptide bonds

A___ is a lipid that consist of two hydrophobic fatty acid tails and a Hydrophilic phosphate head

Phospholipid

Which of the following molecules are the major component of the plasma membrane

Phospholipids

Which type of fatty acid has two or more double bonds within its carbon chain?

Poly unsaturated

Disaccharides can be broken down into___

monosaccharides

Triglycerides are also called

neutral fats

A hydrophobic organic compound composed mainly of carbon and a high ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is a___ Examples include fatty acids bad phospholipid steroids and prostaglandins

Lipid

A molecule with the chemical formula C 57 H 11006 is an example of which type of organic molecule?

Lipid

Hydrophobic Organic molecules such as fatty acids fats steroids and prostaglandins are Classified as what type of molecule?

Lipid

The ___ Structure of a protein is its amino acid sequence

primary

In general a process that involves the formation or breakdown of molecules is called a chemical___

Reaction

Which of the following is a definition of energy?

The capacity to do work

Which of the following is another term for enzyme?

Bio logical catalyst

Hydrogen has an atomic weight of 1amu and oxygen has an atomic weight of 16amu. What is the molecular weight of water H2O?

18amu

Which of the following best describes a glycolipid

A phospholipid molecule covalently bonded to a carbohydrate

Element

A pure chemical substance thatConsist of one type of Adam is called a(n)

Ion

A(n) ___ Is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost electrons

Molecules

A(n) ___Is composed of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds

A proton(H+) donor, or a chemical that releases protons into solution is a___

Acid

Which term refers to the energy needed to get a chemical reaction started

Activation energy

The substrate binding site of an enzyme is known as the___ Site

Active

The energy molecule that is produced by cellular respiration and used in metabolic reaction is

Adenosine triphosphate

Which of the following are the Monomeric Subunits that make up a protein?

Amino acid

Peptide bonds are used to join two of these together

Amino acids

What is an ion?

An atom that has gained or lost electrons

Metabolic reactions that use energy and build more complex molecules from less complex molecules are considered which type of reaction?

Anabolic

Metabolic reactions that use energy to build more complex molecules from less complex molecules are considered which type of reaction?

Anabolic

The body's most important energy transfer molecule is

Atp

Which is an example of a nucleotide

Atp

The term animalism specifically applies to metabolic reactions that do which of the following?

Build large molecules from small molecules

The___ Family of macromolecules are composed of carbon hydrogen and oxygen in a one to one ratio and include sugars starches glycogen and cellulose

Carbohydrate

monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides Are all examples of which type of macromolecule?

Carbohydrates

Which type of reaction is always exergonic?

Catabolic

An enzyme associated with its substance is referred to as an enzyme substrate___

Complex

Which term can apply to a molecule composed of two or more different elements?

Compound

They have different numbers of neutrons

Deuterium and tritium Are isotopes of hydrogen. What is different about them?

A carbohydrate composed of two covalently bonded simple sugars monosaccharides is called a

Dissaccharide

An input of___Is required for a system to perform work

Energy

A ___Is a protein that functions as a biological catalysts

Enzyme

Which term is used to describe the structure formed by the combining of the enzyme and it's a specific substrate?

Enzyme substrate complex

What if I do enzymes have on the activation energy of a chemical reaction in the body?

Enzymes lower the activation energy

Catabolic reactions release energy. Because of this, they can be classified as which of the following?

Exergonic

True or false saturated fatty acids contain one or more double bonds

False

True or false unsaturated fatty acids do not have double bonds

False

A molecule consisting of a carbon chain with 4 to24 Carbon's with a methyl group on one end and a carboxyl Group on the opposite end is which of the following

Fatty acid

Choose the lipids in the list below

Fatty acids, steroids, triglycerides, phospholipids,eicosanoids

Which is a hydrophobic substance?

Fatz

Groups of atoms that are added to Carbon back home and I give organic molecules a variety of unique properties are generally known as__Groups_

Functional

Which of the following terms refers to a common arrangement of Adams that give organic molecules their unique properties?

Functional groups

Name the monosaccharide (C6H12O6),Also known as blood sugar

Glucose

Which is a monosaccharide that provides energy to most body cells?

Glucose

A glucose polymer synthesized by liver muscle uterine and vagina cells that serves as an energy storage polysaccharide is a___Molecule

Glycogen

Identify the polysaccharide used for energy storage in animals

Glycogen

A___ is a phospholipid Molecule with a carbohydrate covalently bonded to it. It can be found in the plasma membrane's of cells.

Glycolipid

What term can be used to describe any molecule that is non-polar and does not dissolve in water

Hydrophobic

Where is a neutron located?

In the nucleus of an atom

To a certain point increasing the concentration of reactants in a solution will___ The rate of the reaction

Increases

Which of the following will in general increase the rate of reaction?

Increasing concentration of reactions, increasing temperature

An atom that has gained or lost electrons

Ion

Biochemistry

Is the study of the molecules and chemical reactions that occur In living cells

Adams of the same element the differ only in the number of neutrons are known as____

Isotopes

Which are true regarding metabolism?

It includes reactions were molecules are broken down, it can be defined as the sum of all of the chemical reactions in the body, it includes reactions were new molecules are synthesized

Any molecule of a larger size and high molecular weight such as a proton or starch is known as a

Macromolecule

Molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acid are examples of____ because they are made up of many repeating subunits

Macromolecules

The term___ Refers to the sum of all the chemical reactions in the body

Metabolism

A ___ consists of substances that are physically blended but not chemically bond

Mixture

Salt on a watermelon is an example of a___

Mixture

The number of molecules of a chemical that is equal to its molecular weight in grams is a ___

Mole

Adding together the atomic weight of all atoms in a molecule gives a value known as its___ Weight

Molecular

An ___Is composed of two or more atoms that are held together by chemical bonds

Molecule

Which of the terms below can be applied to glucose(C6H12O6)

Molecule, compound

Which of the following would give you the molarity of a solution?

Moles/liters

Which term is used to refer to simple sugar or sugar monomer?

Monosaccharide

Which term is used to referred to a simple sugar or sugar monomer?

Monosaccharide

Which organic molecules are composed of a nitrogenous base, a monosaccharide, and a phosphate group?

Nucleotide

Name the level of protein structure that is determined by the amino acid sequence of the protein

Primary

Amino acids are the subunits of larger molecules called

Proteins

Name the family of macromolecules that plays a role in cell structure, communication, membrane transport, catalyst, recognition and protection, movement, and so adhesion

Proteins

Polypeptides over 100 amino acids long are generally classified as which of the following?

Proteins

Which of the following best defines an acid?

Proton donor

Which three functional groups are part of the basic structure of every amino acid

Radical r group amino group Carboxyl group

A fatty acid contains the maximum number of hydrogen possible it is

Saturated

A fatty acid contains the maximum number of hydrogen possible. It is___

Saturated

Which are classifications of fatty acids?

Saturated and unsaturated

The ___Level of protein structure is determined by the folding of the protein do to hydrogen bonding between amino acids to form alpha helices beta pleated sheets

Secindary

In a solution the more abundant substance that dissolves another substance is known as what?

Solvent

Salt water is a solution of NaCl dissolved in water. In this example NaCl Is the solute and water is the

Solvent

Which of the following is the only plant polysaccharide that humans can digest

Starch

___Is an energy storage polysaccharide in plants

Starch

Keratin and collagen or types of__ Protein

Structural

A___Is the substance that an enzyme acts upon

Substrate

True or false a chemical reaction is a process in which a covalent or ionic bond is broken or formed

True

True or false a molecule may be composed of one element or more than one element

True

True or false formation of ethanol triphosphate from I don't know diphosphate and an inorganic phosphate molecule requires the input of energy

True

Disaccharides are composed of how many covalently bonded simple sugars?

Two

How many double covalent bonds are in the carbon chain of a poly unsaturated fatty acid

Two or more

What is the active site of an enzyme?

Where is binds in substrate

Neutron

Which is an uncharged particle found in the nucleus of an atom?

Element

Which term defines the simplest form of matter to have unique chemical properties

Which molecule combines with an inorganic phosphate to form ATP?

adenosine diphosphate

A lipid composed of three fatty acids joined to a glycerol is a

triglyceride