Sociology Ch. 15 & 16
In what part of the world have Confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced?
China
Which socialist perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to maintain social inequalities within a society?
Conflict theory
What do Christianity and Islam have in common?
Both believe in a single supreme god. Both share many of the same stories in their central religious texts. Both believe in an afterlife.
Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo?
Conflict theory
Which of the following is not a manifest function of education?
Courtship
Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps keep the social system running smoothly?
Functional perspective
What are some denominations of the Christian Protestant church?
Methodist and Seventh-day Adventist
Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share?
Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms
In what ways does religion serve the role of a social institution?
Religions have a complex and integrated set of norms. Religious practices and beliefs are related to societal values. Religions often meet several basic needs.
What are the major factors that affect education systems throughout the world?
Resources and money
Some controversial groups that may be mislabeled as cults include:
Scientology and the Hare Krishna
what term describes the separation of students based on merit?
Sorting
Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual's sense of support and well-being?
Symbolic interactionism
The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for __________.
access to education
The main difference between an ecclesia and a denomination is:
ecclesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion
A cultural universal is something that:
is found in all cultures
A sect:
often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals
Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ________.
perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status
Many stories in the sacred text of Judaism are:
shared by Christianity and Islam
Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________.
transmission of moral education
Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that _____________.
racial segregation in schools was allowed
Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process?
Symbolic interactionism
What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common?
They recruit top teachers.
The Protestant work ethic was viewed in terms of its relationship to:
capitalism
Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of _________.
families society the individual
Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why?
They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture.
What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability?
Tracking
Megachurches tend to have:
large arenas where services are held
Social scientists refer to the use of a church to combat social injustice in the political realm as:
liberation theology
Public schools must guarantee that ___________.
per-student spending is equitable
Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of ________.
social placement
Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called ____________.
social promotion
Key predictors for student success include ____________.
socioeconomic status and family background
Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of ________.
cultural transmission
Informal education _________________.
refers to the learning of cultural norms