Sociology chapter 12 review
About what percent of all campaign funds come from PACs
25%
What basic questions must societies address when deciding how best to use their limited resources?
What goods and services should be produced, How should these goods and services be produced, for whom should these goods and services be produced.
What is proportional representation?
allows for minority viewpoints to have a voice in government
Which type of government would have a leader who would be hard to remove
authoritarian
corporation
business organization that is owned by stockholders
What is another word for free-enterprise systems
capitalism
What stage in life does political socialization begin?
childhood
What is a great way for a company to automate its purchases?
e-commerce
primary sector
economic sector that deals with the extraction of raw materials from the environment
capitalism
economic system in which individuals own the factors of production
communism
economic system in which property is communally owned
What would be a socialist viewpoint?
equal access to goods and services cannot be guaranteed if the means of production are owned by individuals
What are the issues that affect voter participation
gender does not affect
Who controls the economic planning in a democratic socialist country?
individuals maintain control of economic planning through elections
Which term did Adam Smith use to describe the interplay between supply and demand
invisible hand
Technological advances are eliminating what kinds of jobs?
less-skilled
Who do interest groups employ to directly work with government officials to get their point across.
lobbyist
pluralist model
model that states that the political process is controlled by interest groups that compete with one another
The US has 2 parties. What do most other democracies have?
multi-party system
What is one of the chief consequences of corporate capitalism? The growth of....
oligopolies
political party
organization that seeks to gain power through legitimate means
What is charismatic authority based on
personal traits
traditional authority
power that is based on long-standing custom
charismatic authority
power that is based on the personal characteristics of an individual
What are the types of economic societies?
pre-industrial, industrial, and post-industrial
Which economic society would hunting and gathering societies be categorized in?
preindustrial
What is it called when Congress limits the number of foreign cars imported to the US
quotas
What type of corporations are managed by its stockholders
small corporations
What are some ways to limit power in a democracy?
spread power over many different groups
proportional representation
system in which the percentage of popular votes corresponds to the percentage of seats won by a party
political institution
system of roles and norms that governs the distribution of resources and exercise of power in society
What is coercion?
taking away someone's rights-denying citizens the right to vote
What is the most extreme form of authoritarianism?
totalitarianism
