Sociology Module 5 Study

The population of the planet doubled in fifty years to reach _______ in 1999?

6 billion

Which of the following is an example of collective behavior?

A group of people interested in hearing an author speak

France might be classified as which kind of nation?

Core

Which of the following organizations is not an example of a social movement?

National Football League

What does cornucopian theory believe?

That human ingenuity will solve any issues that overpopulation creates

Which is an example of environmental racism?

The fact that a disproportionate percentage of people of color live in environmentally hazardous areas

Slavery in the pre-Civil War U.S. South most closely resembled

chattel slavery

A sociologist who focuses on the way that multinational corporations headquartered in core nations exploit the local workers in their peripheral nation factories is using a _________ perspective to understand the global economy.

conflict theory

One flaw in modernization theory is the unwillingness to recognize _________.

its inherent ethnocentric bias

A boy throwing rocks during a demonstration might be an example of ___________.

precipitating factors

If a movement claims that the best way to reverse climate change is to reduce carbon emissions by outlawing privately owned cars, "outlawing cars" is the ________.

prognostic framing

Mike, a college student, rents a studio apartment. He cannot afford a television and lives on cheap groceries like dried beans and ramen noodles. Since he does not have a regular job, he does not own a car. Mike is living in:

relative poverty

In the concentric zone model, Zone B is likely to house what?

Formerly wealthy homes split into cheap apartments

How does gentrification affect cities?

Less affluent residents are pushed into less desirable areas.

What is not a negative outcome of shoreline dredging?

Reduction of human population

What does human ecology theory address?

The relationship between humans and their environments

A functionalist would address which issue?

The way immigration and emigration trends strengthen global relationships

How are the suburbs of Paris different from those of most U.S. cities?

They are synonymous with housing projects and urban poor.

What led to the creation of the exurbs?

Urban sprawl and crowds moving into the city

What three factors did Malthus believe would limit human population?

War, famine, and disease

Sociologists using conflict perspective might study what?

What motivates inequitably treated people to join a movement

A ____________ perspective theorist might find it particularly noteworthy that wealthy corporations improve the quality of life in peripheral nations by providing workers with jobs, pumping money into the local economy, and improving transportation infrastructure.

functional

If a sociologist says that nations evolve toward more advanced technology and more complex industry as their citizens learn cultural values that celebrate hard work and success, she is using _______ theory to study the global economy.

modernization theory

If we divide social movements according to their positions among all social movements in a society, we are using the __________ theory to understand social movements.

resource mobilization

Faith has a full-time job and two children. She has enough money for the basics and can pay her rent each month, but she feels that, with her education and experience, her income should be enough for her family to live much better than they do. Faith is experiencing:

subjective poverty

One flaw in dependency theory is the unwillingness to recognize _______.

that previously low-income nations such as China have successfully developed their economies and can no longer be classified as dependent on core nations

Social movements are:

the collective action of individuals working together in an attempt to establish new norms beliefs, or values

Children in peripheral nations have little to no daily access to computers and the Internet, while children in core nations are constantly exposed to this technology. This is an example of:

the digital divide

In addition to social movements, social change is also caused by technology, social institutions, population and ______.

the environment

When the League of Women Voters successfully achieved its goal of women being allowed to vote, they had to undergo frame __________, a means of completely changing their goals to ensure continuing relevance.

transformation

A sociologist working from a symbolic interaction perspective would:

want to interview women working in factories to understand how they manage the expectations of their supervisors, make ends meet, and support their households on a day-to-day basis

When sociologists think about technology as an agent of social change, which of the following is not an example?

Population growth

Where does a large percentage of e-waste wind up?

Recycled in peripheral nations

What does carrying capacity refer to?

The amount of life that can be supported sustainably in a particular environment

The "tragedy of the commons" is a reference to what?

The common grazing lands in Oxford

China is undergoing a shift in industry, increasing labor specialization and the amount of differentiation present in the social structure. This exemplifies:

modernization

In the past, the United States manufactured clothes. Many clothing corporations have shut down their U.S. factories and relocated to China. This is an example of:

capital flight

Dependency theorists explain global inequality and global stratification by focusing on the way that:

core nations exploit peripheral nations

What are ways that human activity impacts the water supply?

All of the above (Creating sewage, Spreading chemicals, Increasing radioactivity)

What are the prerequisites for the existence of a city?

All of the above (Good environment with water and a favorable climate, Advanced agricultural technology, Strong social organization)

Urbanization includes the sociological study of what?

All of the above (Urban economics, Urban politics, Urban environments)

What are the two primary methods of waste disposal?

Landfill and incineration

While PETA is a social movement organization, taken together, the animal rights social movement organizations PETA, ALF, and Greenpeace are a __________.

social movement industry

In 2014, what was the largest city in the world?

Tokyo

What types of municipal projects often result in environmental racism?

Toxic dumps or other objectionable projects

Maya is a twelve-year-old girl living in Thailand. She is homeless, and often does not know where she will sleep or when she will eat. We might say that Maya lives in _________ poverty.

absolute

Core nations that work to propel peripheral nations toward modernization need to be aware of:

all of the above (preserving peripheral nation cultural identity, preparing for pitfalls that come with modernization, avoiding hegemonistic assumptions about modernization)

If a sociologist points out that core nations dominate the global economy, in part by creating global interest rates and international tariffs that will inevitably favor high-income nations over low-income nations, he is a:

dependency theorist

In a U.S. town, a mining company owns all the stores and most of the houses. It sells goods to the workers at inflated prices, offers house rentals for twice what a mortgage would be, and makes sure to always pay the workers less than needed to cover food and rent. Once the workers are in debt, they have no choice but to continue working for the company, since their skills will not transfer to a new position. This situation most closely resembles:

debt slavery

The protesters at the Egypt uprising rally were:

an acting crowd

According to emergent-norm theory, crowds are:

able to develop their own definition of the situation