Sonnet 130
What are the rhyming words in the couplet
"Rare" and "compare"
Parallel Language
- her lips' red=her breasts are dun -if snow be white=if hairs be wires -I have=see I -red and white=when she walks, treads -I love=I know
Sonnet form
-Iambic Pentameter -Shakespearean -ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
any anomalies with form?
-Usually, 10 syllables are in each line. EXCEPT ine 4 has twelve syllables (If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.) and line 13 has eleven syllables (And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare) -Each line, 5 pairs of syllables with first being unstressed and second being stressed EXCEPT in line 2 where first syllable is stressed in Coral which is a TROCHAIC FOOT
poetic devices (4)
-repetition -hyperbole -satire -imagery
Shakespeare's sonnet differ from Petrarchs
-used perfect rhymes -english sonnet (quatrains) -irony
How many lines are in this sonnet and all of Shakespeare's sonnets
14
"Iam" in "iambic" means_____ "pent" in pentameter means______
2 syllables with an emphasis on every 2nd syllable or a "foot" A line of verse consisting of five metrical "feet"
Identify two images in Sonnet 116 that show the effects on time. Compare the effects of time on love w the ideal of love in the poem
A) The North star: although time goes by it never changes, "It is an ever-fixed marked" (ln. 5) And a more literal image is also provided, "Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, ; But bears it out even to the edge of doom." (ln. 11-12). B) The sonnet states love never fades even after many years, time does not effect love. Love is not something that just comes and goes. The ideal love never changes and stays strong and can't be ride of.
Heaven- Line 13
Allusion
Whole Poem Dramatic Irony
Assuming the subject doesn't know that this sonnet exists or is written about her - she doesn't know the speaker thinks she is ugly
Lines 1-5, 7, 10, 11
Connotation
purpose/example of using repetition
Emphasizes the contrast between the mistress and the item being compared red, red wires, wires roses, roses....
purpose/example of using hyperbole
Exaggerates to copy the way most poets exaggerate in their writing If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head.
Theme?
Femininity:/appearances/love Women are pressured to look a certain way in order to be considered feminine. Have red lips, perfect skin, soft silky hair, consistently smell like flowers just like the women in magazines or media. Shakespeare believes that it's OKAY to have frizzy hair, have normal eyes, and to look average. Being a woman shouldn't be placed on a scale that picks up your physical features to determine a "measurement." You are who you are. The poets who wrote sonnets dedicated to loved ones by holding them to an imaginary standard based their love off of attraction. Shakespeare challenges the idea that looks shouldn't matter when it comes to love.
Paraphrase:I grant I never saw a goddess go; (11)
He admits that he's never seen a goddess walk before
Paraphrase: I have seen roses damasked, red and white, (5)
He has seen a pattern of mixed colorful woven fabric, resembling white and red roses (creating a pinkish tint)
Why does he seem to put his love down.
He refuses to fall back on stereotypes, clichés, or unrealistic standards of beauty.
Paraphrase: I love to hear her speak, yet well I know (9)
He still admires a part of her (her voice) BUT
How are the mistress's eyes, lips, cheeks, breath, and voice inferior, according to Sonnet 130?
Her eyes are nothing like the sun , her lips are coral far more than red, her cheeks aren't like roses, her breath is not like perfume, her voice is not music
How are the mistress's eyes, lips, cheeks, breath, and voice inferior, according to Sonnet 130? Why does the speaker say she "treads on the ground"?
Her lips are not red as coral, her cheeks aren't like roses, her breath is not like perfume, her voice is not music He may mean that she is an earthly being, as opposed to idealized lovers who are compared to angels
Paraphrase: That music hath a far more pleasing sound; (10)
Her voice is still not as pleasant to hear. Most likely rasp and not soft/elegant
3. In Sonnet 130, what does the final couplet say about the speaker's feelings?
His love is real and is at great at those who fake stuff up
Paraphrase: But no such roses see I in her cheeks; (6)
However, the speaker does not see that pink tint in her cheeks. Making her seem lifeless almost.
Lines 3, 12
Hyperbole
What form are Shakespearian sonnets written in ?
Iambic Pentameter
To what is love compared in the second quatrain of Sonnet 116? Compare the effects of time on love with the ideal of love in the poem?
It is compared to the North star, love is similar to this object because although the times may change love will always remain the same. The idea of love remains unchanged even though it can come in many forms.
5. What is the theme of Sonnet 130?
Love
Lines 3, 4, 6, 10, 11
Metaphor Type 1
purpose/example of using satire
Mocks poetic convention in most love poetry used to "woo" a woman back in the day. Shakespeare wants us to realize how ridiculous and silly those poets looks entire poem
Paraphrase: My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground.(12)
My mistress walks like a normal person, not like an imaginary being
THE POEM
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the SUN; Coral is far more red than her lips' RED; If snow be white, why then her breasts are DUN; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her HEAD. I have seen roses damasked, red and WHITE, But no such roses see I in her CHEEKS; And in some perfumes is there more DELIGHT Than in the breath that from my mistress REEKS. I love to hear her speak, yet well I KNOW That music hath a far more pleasing SOUND; I grant I never saw a goddess GO; My mistress when she walks treads on the GROUND. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as RARE As any she belied with false COMPARE.
Paraphrase:And in some perfumes is there more delight (7)
Perfume smells better than her
Theme?
Physical beauty is overrated and poetry portrays the intangible concept of beauty.
Paraphrase: Coral is far more red than her lips' red; (2)
Red coral when polished is used in jewelry...Her lips are not as bright red like it however
Lines 1-4, 6, 8, 10, 12-14
Regular Irony
6. What is the tone of Sonnet 130?
Relaisim
abab/cdcd/efef/gg
Rhyme Scheme
Summarize sonnet 130
Shakespeare compares his mistress's appearance to beautiful things, and then tells us how she doesn't measure up to them. He then tells us details about the flaws of her body, her smell, even the sound of her voice. Then, at the end, he changes his tune and tells us about his real and complete love for her.
How did strategy C (look for figurative language like similes and metaphors) help with interpreting the poem
Shakespeare uses similes and metaphors throughout the entire poem to compare/contrast the mistress to objects normally used in the descriptions of women's appearances in most romantic literature Eyes and sun, Snow White and skin, roses and cheeks, goddess and walking, etc The tone seems extremely offensive, however the point is to mock what happens in society. Pinpointing the issues about femininity, appearances, and love
2. Why does the speaker say she "treads on the ground"?
She is normal and is not idealized
purpose/example of using imagery
Showing us What the woman Looks like rather Than telling us Helps the reader Understand the importance of appearances entire poem
Lines 1, 2, 7
Simile
Translation Quatrain 1 and 2
Speaker observes that the physical traits of the subject are dull
Paraphrase: As any she belied with false compare.(14)
Than any woman misrepresented by being compared to exaggerations
Iambic pentameter
The first twelve lines rhyme in alternating pairs. My mistress' eyes are nothing like the SUN; A Coral is far more red than her lips' RED; B If snow be white, why then her breasts are DUN; A If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her HEAD. B So, for the whole poem, the rhyme scheme would be ABABCDCDEFEFGG. Always ends with two rhyming lines, one right after the other. We call this a couplet.
In Sonnet 130, what does the final couplet say about the speaker's feeling? What general truth does the couplet suggest? In his sonnets, Petrarch worshiped his mistress. Why has Sonnet 130 been called anti-Petrachan?
The last lines are stating that the woman is just as beautiful as the other women. Ladies in the sonnet tradition were ideally beautiful. His love interest is not the blue-eyed blonde goddess of Petrarch's sonnets, we say that Shakespeare's sequence is anti-Petrarchan.
Paraphrase: Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. (8)
The mistress stinks. Has poor body odor
Translation Quatrain 3
The speaker notes the unappealing behaviors of the subject
Translation Couplet
The speaker still loves the subject of the sonnet despite her flaws
Paraphrase: My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; (1)
The woman he's interested in has plain/basic eyes.
Summary?
This sonnet compares the speaker's lover to a number of other beauties—and never in the lover's favor. Her eyes are "nothing like the sun," her lips are less red than coral; compared to white snow, her breasts are dun-colored, and her hairs are like black wires on her head. In the second quatrain, the speaker says he has seen roses separated by color ("damasked") into red and white, but he sees no such roses in his mistress's cheeks; and he says the breath that "reeks" from his mistress is less delightful than perfume. In the third quatrain, he admits that, though he loves her voice, music "hath a far more pleasing sound," and that, though he has never seen a goddess, his mistress—unlike goddesses—walks on the ground. In the couplet, however, the speaker declares that, "by heav'n," he thinks his love as rare and valuable "As any she belied with false compare"—that is, any love in which false comparisons were invoked to describe the loved one's beauty.
4. What general truth does the couplet suggest?
True love is based on reality
Paraphrase: If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. (4)
Typically poets would say to their lover that their hair is silky and smooth, yet speaker is saying her hair black and frizzy.
LOVE- appears in both quatrain and couplet
What is the couplet tie and why is it a couplet tie
Dramatic Irony
When a character believes something to be true, but the reader/audience knows the character is wrong. The reader/audience really knows the truth.
Irony of Situation
When a character in a piece of literature expects one thing to happen, but the opposite occurs.
Verbal Irony
When an author uses a word or a phrase that is the opposite of what s/he means. Ex: "my friend" in"Dulce et Decorum Est."
Regular Irony
When the reader expects one thing to happen, but the opposite occurs
Paraphrase: If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; (3)
White skin in Shakespeare time period meant you were similar to Royalty since Queens barely spent time outside in the sun...but her skin is grayish-brown. (used w/cows/horses).
Imagery
Whole sonnet except line 14
My mistress' eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips' red; If snow be white, why then her breasts are dun; If hairs be wires, black wires grow on her head. I have seen roses damasked, red and white, But no such roses see I in her cheeks; And in some perfumes is there more delight Than in the breath that from my mistress reeks. I love to hear her speak, yet well I know That music hath a far more pleasing sound; I grant I never saw a goddess go; My mistress, when she walks, treads on the ground. And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare As any she belied with false compare. WHO WROTE THIS?
William Shakespeare
Who wrote Shakespearian Sonnets?
William Shakespeare
Paraphrase: And yet, by heaven, I think my love as rare(13)
Yet he swears to God that his love is the most valuable
. The poetic device in line 1 is a(an) a. simile b. metaphor c. synecdoche d. apostrophe e. metonymy
a
8. The reader of the sonnet must know that the criticism of the mistress is indeed a form of praise because a. the progress of fault-finding leads to the wrong conclusion b. the fault-finding is imaginative and humorous c. there are hidden romantic nuances in the judgments d. the sequence of fault-finding eases in lines 9-12 e. there are paradoxical hints in the metaphors
a
By "false compare" the speaker states that a. the conventional praise of mistresses by poets are romantic lies b. to win love, one must compare the charms of mistresses with the beauties in nature c. love poetry must abound in hyperbole d. the women whom men love must be worshipped as goddesses e. loves must be privileged to distort truth
a
How can the conflict in this speech by Hamlet best be described? A An internal conflict about whether it is better to live or to die. B An internal conflict about whether to kill his stepfather or not. C An external conflict with his friends and family who are opposed to his taking up arms to fight the enemy. D An external conflict with his priest about whether it is moral to take another person's life or not. E An external conflict with Ophelia about whether or not she should commit suicide because he does not love her.
a
The last two lines of the sonnet a. express the true feeling of the speaker b. seem out of place in the poem c. express a love for someone whose beauty is of the spirit d. reveal the speaker as a liar and boor e. are an illustration of hyperbole
a
The phrase "insolence of office" is an example of A personification B metaphor C simile D irony E motif
a
The speaker's mistress, based on his own description, can best be described as a. beautiful b. ugly c. ordinary d. intellectual e. unfaithful (false)
a
This speech is an example of what type of poetry? A iambic meter B limerick C sonnet D cinquain E haiku
a
A device in which one uses unusual, exaggerated comparisons is a(an) a. allegory b. conceit c. metaphor d. apostrophe e. elegy
b
Love poetry of the age frequently contains the "Petrarchan ideal," that is, the beautiful, blond, blue-eyed goddess all men desire. Shakespeare implies that this "ideal" is a. more to be desired than his mistress b. less to be desired than his mistress c. foolish to contemplate d. merely pleasant foolery e. the impossible dream of every man
b
Seemingly, all of the following are criticisms of the mistress EXCEPT a. Coral is more red than her lips. b. I love to hear her speak. c. There are no roses on her cheeks. d. She treads the ground. e. Music has a more pleasing sound than her voice.
b
Sonnets invariably ask a question, present a proposal, present a puzzle, make a statement in the first eight or twelve lines; the proposal here is a. women can never be understood b. even though different, my woman is as beautiful as any other c. even though she is ugly, I still love her d. I really wish she had straight blond hair and blue eyes. e. Her eyes, lips, skin are not the best of her.
b
What is Hamlet NOT contemplating in this soliloquy? A What happens after death? B Should I commit murder? C Should I commit suicide? D Why should I stay alive if my life is so miserable? E Why does man go on living even when life is awful?
b
What rhetorical device is used in the lines quoted below? For who would bear the whips and scorns of time, The oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely, The pangs of despised love, the law's delay, The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes, When he himself might his quietus make With a bare bodkin? A personal anecdote B rhetorical question C purposeful repetition D subtle understatement E pointed hyperbole
b
The assumption in line 12 is that other women a. do not walk b. walk, but very slowly c. float above the ground d. walk on the ground e. are carried when they need to go somewhere
c
The speaker in Shakespeare's sonnet a. is a complainer b. is an arrogant and egotistic lover c. raises the reader's suspicions about his feelings and then tells honestly how he feels d. envies the verbal dexterity of his fellow poets e. engages in a poetic exercise for fun
c
The speaker says that his mistress walks A) all over his heart. B) in heaven. C) on the ground. D) on air.
c
The tone of the sonnet is a. happy b. sad c. satirical d. pessimistic e. mischievous
c
The tone of this speech can best be characterized as A accusatory B balanced C pensive D calculated E conservative
c
The word "false" in line 14 refers to a. a lying woman b. the lying speaker of the poem c. the Petrarchan ideal d. his mistress e. a philandering mate
c
What character traits are revealed through the author's use of imagery in this speech given by Hamlet? A Hamlet reveals that he is lazy, sleepy, and unhappy. B Hamlet reveals that he is angry, violent, and vengeful. C Hamlet reveals that he is thoughtful, confused, and indecisive. D Hamlet reveals that he is indifferent to what other people say or think about him. E Hamlet reveals that he is impassioned, forthright, and confident.
c
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "rare" as used in line 13? A) hard to find B) hard to understand C) valuable D) peculiar
c
An essential element of this sonnet is a. praise of a mistress b. finding the blemishes in a loved one c. a lover's compromise with reality d. mockery of a convention in love poetry e. ambiguity of intention
d
In line 14, "she" refers to A) "my love." B) "a goddess." C) "my mistress." D) women in general.
d
In the phrase "her breasts are dun" (line 3), "dun" means A) finished. B) large. C) asymmetrical. D) a dull gray-brown.
d
In this context, what does Shakespeare most likely mean by the phrase "take arms" against troubles? A To wrap one's arms around oneself B To reach out for help from a friend or ally C To steal a weapon in order to inflict suffering on others D To end one's life as a way to end the struggle against suffering in life E To help others to overcome their depression
d
Line 11 is an example of A) apostrophe. B) metaphor. C) hyperbole. D) alliteration.
d
The first 12 lines of the sonnet are a (an) a. ironic comment of female adornment b. angry description c. paradoxical evocation d. parody of love sonnets e. a play on metaphors
d
The line, "To be, or not to be," from Hamlet's soliloquy is one of the most famous lines in history. Which of the following statements about this line is incorrect? A The author refers to suicide, a taboo topic. B The author ponders life and death, a memorable topic. C The author avoids using any imagery in this specific line and follows it with many images. D The line reveals that the speaker is confident in his opinions about mortality. E The line uses only monosyllabic words
d
The phrase "when we have shuffled off this mortal coil" most likely refers to A deep sleep B lucid dreaming C the moment of death D the afterlife E nightmares
d
Which of the following is NOT a function or meaning of this speech from Hamlet? A To demonstrate an internal conflict in the character. B To describe an external conflict between the character and the nature of the world. C To spark empathy in the reader for Hamlet's situation. D To create loathing for the character in the reader. E To demonstrate the thematic elements of the play
d
All of the following are metaphors EXCEPT a. Her eyes are not the sun. b. The hairs on her head are black ones. c. No roses are her cheeks. d. Music has a more pleasing sound than her voice. e. The lady I love is rare.
e
Shakespeare's sonnet 130 is a (an) a. satire on the deficiencies of the speaker's mistress b. belittling of a loved one for the amusement of friends c. playful expression of faults to irritate the lady d. confession of love for a harlot e. comment on the uniqueness and beauty of the speaker's mistress
e
The true intent of the speaker in the sonnet is revealed most by a. the outrageousness of his metaphors b. the rare words of praise that creep into his statement c. his imaginative conceits d. his sense of fun e. the contrast between the first twelve lines and the last two
e
Tone?
sarcastic, tone shift: serious, loving
What literary forms does he use throughout the sonnet
similes and metaphors