Stress Management Techniques Midterm Exam

People on cell phones show a driving impairment measurable of: negligible difference. 0.08 blood alcohol level. 0.05 THC of marijuana. It is impossible to measure.

0.08 blood alcohol level.

According to estimates by those who have studied the codependent personality, what is the percentage of the American population classified as codependent due to direct or indirect exposure to alcoholism?

96%

Which of the following depression treatments is recommended by many therapists?

A holistic approach

When released, this substance is instrumental in returning the body to homeostasis. Cortisol Acetylcholine Norepinephrine Dopamine

Acetylcholine

All of the following are suggestions for decreasing digital toxicity (stress) from Ron Friedman except: turn off your message alerts. leave your smart phones off your working space. All of these are correct. schedule unplugged time from technology.

All of these are correct.

Healthy boundaries are: All of these are correct. assertive behaviors. responsible behaviors. appropriate behaviors.

All of these are correct.

Which of the following is the suggested order to reconstruct negative thoughts into positive ones? Awareness, evaluate, adopt, reappraise Appraise, adopt, reappraise, evaluate Awareness, reappraise, adopt, evaluate Evaluation, awareness, reappraisal

Awareness, reappraise, adopt, evaluate

This is thought to be the distinguishing characteristic of the survivor personality:

Biphasic traits

These three characteristics are thought to be associated with what is now known as the hardy personality.

Challenge, control, and commitment

Which of the following is the order M. Scott Peck's stages of spiritual growth?

Chaotic antisocial, formal institutional, skeptical, and mystic communal

Compulsively answering your smartphone ring or text is a form of: operant conditioning. traditional conditioning. classical conditioning. technological conditioning.

Classical conditioning.

Self-esteem is thought to be comprised of which of the following components?

Connectedness, uniqueness, power, and role models

Smart phones negatively affect memory process in which of the following ways? Constant surfing doesn't allow storage of information into long-term memory. Microwave radiation causes mental distractions with attention span. They don't affect memory in a negative way. Dopamine release interferes with the synaptic charge from neuron to neuron.

Constant surfing doesn't allow storage of information into long-term memory.

Based on brain imaging research in the last decade, which of the following statements is false? Damage to brain cells from chronic stress is reversible. The amygdala is where the emotion fear is recognized. The hippocampus region is rich in receptor sites for glucocorticoids. Repeated exposure to cortisol shrinks brain cells.

Damage to brain cells from chronic stress is reversible.

Kubler-Ross would not agree with which of the following statements?

Defense mechanisms are necessary to resolve grief in the long run.

According to the behavior modification model, this is the suggested order to make positive behavioral changes. Denial, desire, awareness, cognitive restructuring, substitution, evaluation Denial, awareness, desire, cognitive restructuring, substitution, evaluation Denial, evaluation, desire, awareness, cognitive restructuring, substitution Denial, evaluation, awareness, desire, cognitive restructuring, substitution

Denial, awareness, desire, cognitive restructuring, substitution, evaluation

Which statement is true about inflammation, a common chronic health issue? Stress is a precursor Inflammation occurs in the bones as well as the joints and muscle tissue Inflammation is excessive oxidation of cell tissue Inflammation is the result of poor eating habits

Do Not Choose: Inflammation is excessive oxidation of cell tissue

Which of the following statements is/are true? All of these are correct. Aggressive behavior is based on intimidation and manipulation, and passive behavior frequently results in feelings of victimization. People who express themselves assertively typically get their way. Passive behavior frequently results in feelings of victimization, and people who express themselves assertively typically get their way. Aggressive behavior is based on intimidation and manipulation.

Do Not choose: All of these are correct

All of the following statements are true except: Acute stress is not as intense as chronic stress, initially. Chronic stress is associated with the body's inability to regulate the inflammatory response. PNI is the study of the effects of stress on disease. Rheumatoid arthritis is an endogenous overreaction of the immune system.

Do not choose: PNI is the study of the effects of stress on disease.

The helpless-hopeless personality is most closely associated with which of the following factors?

External locus of control

According to fear expert Gavin de Becker, chronic fear and worrying tend to accentuate the signal of fear when real danger is imminent.

False

All-or-none thinking is viewing a situation as worse than it actually is. True False

False

An attribute of the typical somatizer is passive-aggressive anger.

False

Behavioral psychologists suggest altering several undesirable behaviors at the same time for the best impact and for behavior changes to become second nature. True False

False

For the most part, spirituality and religion are basically the same concept.

False

From the philosophy of Jesus of Nazareth, we learn that of faith, hope, and love, hope is the greatest aspect of human existence.

False

Of the four mismanaged anger styles, the self-punisher represses feelings of anger.

False

Self-esteem and self-image are interchangeable terms

False

The Harvard Happiness study found that trust was the most important aspect for happiness.

False

The centering process is where "enlightenment" takes place.

False

The common cold falls under the category of the endogenous underreaction. True False

False

The threshold of 30 emails is now labeled as email stress. True False

False

Unconscious resistance is known to counteract toxic thoughts. True False

False

Frankl's theory differed from Freud's in that:

Frankl was concerned with one's present and future whereas Freud looked at one's past.

All but which one of the following are traits in the makeup of being resilient?

Genetic make-up

Happiness baselines are composed of which of the following formulas?

Genetics- 50%, Circumstances- 10%, & Personal Choice (perceptions)- 40%

Dr. Wayne Dyer would not agree with which of the following statements?

Guilt can be productive if it prevents worrying

Which of the following characteristics is not typically experienced in the fight-or-flight response? Increased gastric movement Increased heart rate Increased blood pressure Increased serum glucose levels Increased breathing rate

Increased gastric movement

All of these factors are thought to negatively impact sleep hygiene except: Kava tea Menopause Cell phone use Alcohol consumption Ambient light

Kava tea

Which statement is not true regarding creative anger management strategies?

Learn to disassociate from your anger

Which of the following factors, above all else, determines one's degree of stress? One's perception or interpretation One's support group One's profile (e.g., race, gender, and socioeconomic status) One's age and economic background

One's perception or interpretation

This endocrine gland is called the master gland for its role in hormonal control. Adrenal Pineal Hypothalamus Pituitary

Pituitary

What aspect differentiates Prochaska's Stages of Change from other behavior change models? Precontemplation Determination Relapse Self-efficacy Maintenance

Relapse

Which of the following terms describes the link between perceptions/beliefs and their related behaviors? Self-fulfilling prophecy Personalization Victimization Magnification

Self-fulfilling prophecy

A decrease in this hormone is thought to be related to symptoms of depression. Oxytocin Melatonin Serotonin Human Growth Hormone

Serotonin

Which of the following best describes X-factor?

Special quality that makes each person unique

All of the following are assertiveness skills except: Use "I" statements. Use eye contact. Respond rather than react. Stay grounded with meditation.

Stay grounded with meditation.

According to Carl Jung, the unconscious mind is well versed in this method of articulating itself.

Symbolic thinking

All of the following are tips for cognitive restructuring except: Use a relaxation technique to calm the mind. Fine-tune expectations. Accentuate the positive. Tap into the unconscious mind.

Tap into the unconscious mind.

Which of the following best describes compensation?

The ability to draw upon personal strengths in times of need instead of adopting a victim mentality

This "season of the soul" is one where insights and enlightenment may occur.

The grounding process

Cortisol is responsible for all of the following except: The release of insulin The initiation of gluconeogenesis The mobilization of free fatty acids The degradation of white blood cells

The release of insulin

As a result of the stress response, this neuroendocrine pathway is thought to have the longest lasting effect. Adrenal axis Thyroxin axis ACTH axis Vasopressin axis

Thyroxin axis

About 70 percent of our immune system is located in our gut. True False

True

According to the APA Stress in America report of 2019, members of Generation Z tend to exhibit high levels of loneliness. True False

True

Addison's disease is associated with adrenal fatigue and failure. True False

True

Cognitive restructuring is an important step in behavioral change. True False

True

Emotional well-being is best described as "the ability to feel and express the entire range of emotions but to control them, not be controlled by them." True False

True

Experts in the field of sociology suggest that narcissism and a lack of values promote incivility in our culture. True False

True

In terms of technostress, the rate of change with technology seems to have outpaced the level of responsibility and moral codes that accompany it. True False

True

Left unresolved, both anger and fear can lead to depression.

True

Many of the characteristics of Taoism appear to closely parallel characteristics of Maslow's theory of self-actualization.

True

Negative thoughts can suppress the immune system. True False

True

Parents typically use operant conditioning with children. True False

True

Self-awareness and self-acceptance are essential for effectively managing stress. True False

True

The Shallow Effect: Weblink jumping and cherry picking information leads to an inability to concentrate, focus, and comprehend a subject well. True False

True

The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the relaxation response. True False

True

Victor Frankl believed that a person's attitude can either perpetuate or help resolve a stressful circumstance. True False

True

When used correctly, co-rumination is considered an effective coping skill for women to cope with stress. True False

True

Type D personality is most closely associated with:

Type A personality

Of the following parts of one's personality, which is thought to be the most difficult to influence? Beliefs Attitudes Values Behaviors

Values

Those who are inside for most of the day playing video games, working on the computer, or using a smart phone are probably not directly getting sufficient: Vitamin B complex. Vitamin D. Vitamin A. Vitamin C.

Vitamin D.

According to author and TED talk presenter Brene Brown, which of the following is commonly associated with fear?

Vulnerability

Once defining stress as an inability to cope, stress expert Joan Borysenko now defines stress as:

a lack of connectedness

According to Matthew Fox, via Creativa is best described as:

a sense of awe and wonder of all creation

Research by Keicolt-Glaser reveals that stress affects all of the following except:

an increase in the entertainment response

Kubler-Ross's original order of the grieving stages is:

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance

The neurotransmitter associated with chemical addictions, which is now also associated with screen addictions, is: dopamine. serotonin. epinephrine. beta endorphin.

dopamine.

Based on her work involving neuropeptides, neurophysiologist Candace Pert suggests the following hypothesis:

emotions can suppress or enhance the integrity of the immune system

According to the Borysenko stress and disease model, cancer is regarded as an:

endogenous underreaction

All of the following are ways to increase your vibration out of a fear-based thought process except: practice seeing the bigger picture of life. escape negativity by watching Netflix. practice gratitude. find the humor in a bad situation.

escape negativity by watching Netflix.

Conceptually, "thought stopping" is the same as self-talk. True False

false

Tragic optimism is:

finding or making the best of a terrible situation

The Gerber model of stress and disease indicates that:

human consciousness is comprised of layers of energy around the body, and changes produced in the human energy field can result in disease.

Specific to Candace Pert's stress and disease model:

lymphocytes can produce neuropeptides

Polyphasia is another name for:

multi-tasking

Epinephrine is: No answer text provided. released five times as often as norepinephrine. thought to deplete lymphocytes. released by the adrenal cortex. considered the anger hormone.

released five times as often as norepinephrine.

The adrenal medulla: releases epinephrine and norepinephrine. releases vasopressin. is associated with acute stress. has a direct neural link to the reticular activating system.

releases epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Systemic desensitization can best be described as:

repeatedly exposing oneself to tolerable levels of stressors

Cognitive restructuring is rooted in the work of Albert Ellis, who coined the term Rational Emotional Behavioral Therapy (REBT) to suggest that: self-defeating thoughts can't be easily changed. one modifies the internal dialogue for stress inoculation. All of these are correct. self-defeating thoughts should be balanced with positive thoughts. rational thoughts should be balanced with irrational thoughts.

self-defeating thoughts should be balanced with positive thoughts.

According to psychotherapist David Burns, all of the following are examples of cognitive distortion except: emotional reasoning. self-talk. should statements. personalization. overgeneralizations.

self-talk.

Regarding stress management, the holistic wellness paradigm suggests all of the following except: the Newtonian view of medicine is correct. the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. one should address the causes and the symptoms of stress equally. one should address the mental, emotional, spiritual, and physical aspects of well-being.

the Newtonian view of medicine is correct.

The term "screen addiction" was coined specifically to address: the addiction to Netflix movies. the addiction to television programming. the addiction to computer, smart phone, and tablet screens. All of these are correct.

the addiction to computer, smart phone, and tablet screens.

The premise of the Lipton's stress and disease model (epigenetic theory) is:

the cell environment, including consciousness, controls DNA

The term "individuation" refers to:

the process of self-reflection toward wholeness

The "direct" link between stress and cancer is now thought to be:

the reduction of T-lymphocytes

Conceptually speaking: the resistance stage of the General Adaptation Syndrome is more severe than the alarm stage, according to Selye. the stress response is antiquated in today's rapidly changing society where few stressors are of a physical nature. increasing advances in technology have linked the theory of daily hassles to chronic diseases. because of the nervous system, stress is ultimately best understood from a physiological perspective.

the stress response is antiquated in today's rapidly changing society where few stressors are of a physical nature.

According to Seaward (2022), spiritual health is best defined as:

the utilization of inner resources to cope with stress

The Yerkes-Dodson principle suggests that: technology is creating a wedge between people and nature. there is an optimal stress level that promotes performance. 200 Life Scale Units is the demarcation for critical stress levels. stress is highly associated with chronic disease.

there is an optimal stress level that promotes performance.

Synchronicity is a term that means:

two seemingly unrelated but meaningful events that occur within the same time period.