STUDY HARD
Property identification projects are also called:
"O-I" projects
Property identification projects are also called
"O-I" projects.
Many schools have adopted
"Zero Tolerance" toward possession of guns, drugs, or alcohol in schools - that is, no matter what the underlying circumstances, a student bringing a weapon, drugs or alcohol to school with be suspended or expelled.
According to the text, the idea of community corrections has been steadily moving forward since the:
1970s
Significant progress was made in the area of law enforcement wages and benefits during the
1980s
When did police officers become aware of a threat that was not only highly communicable but also lethal?
1980s
In the United States, domestic violence accounts for how much of the nonfatal violent crime women experience?
20 percent
In the U.S domestic violence accounts for how much of the non-fatal violent crime women experience?
20%
Of the hundreds of thousands of registered sex offenders nationally, the whereabouts of a large number - approaching
20% by some estimates - are currently unknown.
In which year did we have the highest number of officers feloniously killed?
2001
What percent of children lived in households classified as food insecure in 2013?
21 percent
What percent of children lived in households classified as food insecure in 2013?
21%
In 2014, how many people aged 12 or older were classified as having a substance abuse disorder within the past year?
21.5 Million
In 2014, how many people aged 12 or older were classified as having a substance abuse disorder within the past year?
21.5 million
belief that the police will be unable to do anything, fear that they wont be believed, fear or reprisal and threats
According to the text, reasons victims give for not reporting a crime to the police include:
building trust
According to the text, the central goal of community policing is:
1970s
According to the text, the idea of community corrections has been steadily moving forward since the:
311
According to the text, what is the number identified by the Baltimore police for - nonemergency calls?
Which three categories appear on the PIO triangle?
Action, Impact, Reaction
Call management is also called
Call Reduction
A mayor announces a new plan to deploy police officers in a way that moves them closer to citizens. They can then act in conjunction with others within their community to find solutions to community problems. Which of the following is this an example of?
Community policing
street-level drug dealing
Community prosecutors tend to focus on which type of crime?
Which of the following perspectives would seek to increase collaborative groups consisting of both police and citizens working together to rebuild two neighborhood playgrounds?
Community-revitalization perspective
Such practices criminalizing homelessness fail to address the underlying causes of homelessness and instead make the problem worse by moving people away from services. If arrested and charged they may develop criminal records making it more difficult to fins housing and a job.
Critics of the "tactics" to eliminate homeless contend:
The view that those who enter police work are authoritarian personalities receives great support from police scholars.
False
Traditional shift and beat rotation work to build partnerships with the community. T or F
False
Victims seldom fear reprisal because they trust the system to protect them. T or F
False
When forming partnerships, conflicts within communities are not as important to recognize as the commonalities. T or F
False
When forming partnerships, it is important to recognize commonalities and to ignore conflicts within communities. T or F
False
What is the foundation for the protection, care, and training of children?
Family
Which is the foundation for the protection, care, and training of children
Family
Which is the foundation for the protection, care, and training of children?
Family
Which is viewed by many as the cornerstone of the community?
Family
Delinquency is highest when
Family interaction and controls are weak
Delinquency is highest when:
Family interaction and controls are weak
Sarah was a retired detective, telling the rookie detectives about her past experiences working on the job. Back in her day, the department had to use colored stick pins, which they would place in various places on a map that hung on the station wall. The placement of the stick pins over the county map represented the crimes that had occurred specific to that location, and the color of pin represented the type of crime. What method of crime mapping did Sarah use?
Pin maps
sybiotic
Police and media are mutually dependent upon each other. This is referred to as a _____ relationship
Sixth
Police are guided by the ______ Amendment to the US Constitution, which guarantees the individual the right to a fair trial
Gary is writing a research paper on community policing. Which from the following is NOT a critique he would find? A. The effectiveness of community policing programs is hard to measure. B. The sense of community is based more on interests and not geography. C. Citizen satisfaction with police performance can be difficult to conceptualize and quantify. D. Police officers are not willing to accept traditional images of police work.
Police officers are not willing to accept traditional images of police work.
The term Partnerships refers to the collaboration that takes place between
Police officers, community members and groups, other government agencies, nonprofits, service providers, private businesses, the media, and stakeholders.
Which kills more people every year more than floods, tornadoes, hurricanes and lightning combined?
Police pursuits
Which kills more people every year than floods, tornados, hurricanes, and lightning combined?
Police pursuits
The value of CCTV is limited by
Police response time
Process oriented policing
Policing technique to Obtain cooperation by being attentive to the way police treat people, behaving in ways that positively influence people to perceive the procedures used as fair. Procedural Justice.
Experiencing multiple forms of victimization is called
Poly-victimization
Experiencing multiple forms of victimization is called:
Polyvictimization
They are on the streets and highly visible.
Poor people have more contact with the CJS because...
ethnocentrism
Preference for one's own way of life over all others is known as:
A self-perpetuating criminal organization that originates in the penal system and continues to operate outside of it is called a
Prison gang
Which is the most commonly imposed form of community corrections?
Probation
Traditional policing in schools is incident driven, community policing in schools is
Problem oriented
Traditional policing in schools is incident driven; community policing in schools is
Problem oriented
Traditional policing in schools is incident driven; community policing in schools is:
Problem oriented
Which of the following is described as an analytic framework used by police to identify problems that require multiple calls for help?
Problem-oriented policing
communication process
This process involves a sender, a messanger, a channel, a reciever, and sometimes feedback. Transferring thoughts from one person's mind to another's.
The police are frequently caught in the middle, between those who want change and those who want to preserve the status quo.
True
The police band together with a solidarity surpassing that found in most occupational groupings.
True
The police officer's role in society tends to alienate the officer from society as a whole.
True
The quality of police-community relations depends on effective communication. T or F
True
The role of a police officer directly affects the human experience of being a cop.
True
Under the ADA, all government brochures and printed material must be available in Braille or on audiotape if requested T or F
True
In 2005, the Rand Corporation released a research report,
Stoping Violence before It Starts: Identifying Early Predictors of Adolescent Violence, which identified several early predictors of middle school students becoming perpetrators of violence in high school.
When agencies with common interests work independently and not in collaboration, this is called "working in silos." T of F
True
cultural barriers
Two critical barriers to communicate in a diverse society are language barriers and:
Which is not a name for a laboratory that produces small quantity batches of meth?
Two pot lab
Females in gangs are
Used as lookouts
Which of the following dimensions would include assigning officers to schools to help build relationships with students by acting as mentors?
Strategic
Which of the following refers to the type of intelligence that would provide information that could be used to develop strategies designed to respond to changing threats?
Strategic intelligence
1. Implement a zero-tolerance policy for bias w/in ranks. 2. Develop an outreach effort to diverse communities to teach crime prevent techniques. 3. Training for police/citizens.
Strategies for police to overcome barriers based on racial and ethnic diversity
A group of people whose allegiance is based on social needs, who have an identifiable leadership, who claim control over a specific territory in the community and who engage in acts injurious to the public is a
Street gang
Community policing has undergone changes in response to changing societal needs and beliefs. Which of the following is true of this process?
Structural change is frustratingly slow, resulting in failed attempts at functional change.
Which characteristic was not shared among the 18 model programs evaluated by the Inner-City Crime Project?
Targeted those who were more affluent
What is the difference between tattling and reporting ?
Tattling is done to get someone in trouble
What is the difference between tattling and reporting?
Tattling is done to get someone in trouble.
Which piece of legislation prevents stalking and domestic violence?
VAWA
Core components of effective community partnerships are
a shared vision and common goals. open communication.
Which takes on a nickname and writes it on public and private spaces?
a tagger
Which dilemma occurs when students hesitate to tell anyone that they are being bullied because of how it might be perceived?
Tell or Tattle
Which dilemma occurs when students hesitate to tell anyone that they are being bullied because of how it might be perceived?
Tell or tattle
The benefits of participating in a partnership include
a) A sense of accomplishment from bettering the community b) Gaining recognition and respect c) Meeting other community members d) Learning new skills e) Fulfilling an obligation to contribute
According to the text, the idea of community corrections has been steadily moving forward since the a. 1970s. b. 1960s. c. 1980s. d. 1990s.
a. 1970s.
According to the text, key collaborators include all of the following except: a. Parks employees b. Courts c. Victims d. Taxi drivers
a. Parks employees
________________ continues to increase, presenting unique challenges to community policing efforts aimed at enhancing citizens' levels of trust, communication, and activism. a. Religious diversity b. Racism c. Cultural diversity d. Lack of officer education
a. Religious diversity
The idea that crime is directed against the state is the approach used by what paradigm? a. Retributive b. Restorative c. Restitution d. Remittance
a. Retributive
Dr. George Thompson is the founder of a. Verbal Judo. b. Verbal Tae Kwon Do. c. Verbal Karate. d. Verbal Effectiveness.
a. Verbal Judo.
Discrimination is a. a behavior. b. an attitude. c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b
a. a behavior.
The communication process involves a. a sender and a message. b. a filter and a scope. c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b
a. a sender and a message.
According to the text, the central goal of community policing is a. building trust. b. community goals. c. neighborhood watch. d. SARA programs.
a. building trust.
Conflicting interests may impede establishing a __________ and shared goals. a. common vision b. mission statement c. community interest d. negotiating stance
a. common vision
Discrimination and prejudice are different but related. Some examples of discrimination include a. giving warnings to females who violate traffic laws and issuing tickets to males for the same violation. b. arresting a black man for driving while intoxicated. c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b
a. giving warnings to females who violate traffic laws and issuing tickets to males for the same violation.
Race-based enforcement a. is discriminatory and illegal. b. is legal and justifiable. c. no longer occurs in the United States. d. is forensically viable.
a. is discriminatory and illegal.
How many officers will, on occasion experience emotional distress due to the hazards that are inherent in law enforcement?
all
According to the text, some call-management strategies include:
all of the above
The coercion involved in human trafficking can be
all of the above
Unintended consequences of video surveillance include
all of the above (displacement, increased suspicion, and increased reported crime)
Unintended consequences of video surveillance include
all of the above.
Lying to the media is
always a bad idea
The Adam Walsh Act creates stricter requirements for sex offender registration - to
prevent offenders from slipping through the cracks and harming children.
The police officers of the Prince George county police department regularly patrol the streets to make sure everything is in order. They like to make their presence known to make the citizens feel safe and assure them that the police are effective and alert. This is an example of ________.
preventive patrol
The type of patrol associated with deterrence theory is ______.
preventive patrol
The government does not have the power to finance the war on drugs by seizing drug traffickers' illegally obtained
slaves
The beat for which a patrol officer is given responsibility should be
small and well-defined geographically
The beat for which a patrol officer is given responsibility should be:
small and well-defined geographically.
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes treatment for youths, outreach, and referral to social services is
social intervention
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes education, training, work incentives, and jobs is
social opprotunities
Tattling is
something done to get someone in trouble, in contrast to telling or reporting to keep someone safe.
Conflict between the media and the police may arise from a variety of
sources, but perhaps the most basic are competing objectives, contradictory approaches to dangerous situations, and stereotyping.
Parrish (2012) suggests that officers who are interviewed should learn to
speak in soundbites, very short sentences containing solid information. Most television interviews run only 7 to 12 seconds. The most important information should be put up front. However, this often requires telling a story in reverse giving the conclusion before the background information leading up to it, an interview technique that usually requires practice to master. To develop a strong soundbite, the officer to be interviewed should write out the main points to be conveyed and then reverse the order of them, place the "final", and usually most important, piece of information at the beginning to create "a perfect soundbite"
A direct threat identifies a specific act against a
specific target and is delivered in a straightforward, clear, and explicit manner: "I am going to place a bomb in the schools's gym"
Partnerships are made up of ______________, those people who have an interest in what happens in a particular situation.
stakeholders
The best-known citizen patrol is
the Guardian Angels
Operation Clean Sweep in Rialto, California, identified its drug problem using
the SARA model
"The Asset Approach: Giving Kids What They Need to Succeed" was developed by
the Search Institute in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act is also known as
the Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act.
Human trafficking crimes are defined in
the U.S Criminal Code
small and well-defined geographically
the beat for which a patrol officer is given responsibility should be:
If the integration process between parents and children is deficient
the children may fail to learn appropriate behaviors: "Ask a guidance counselor, teacher, or law enforcement officer the greatest problem they face when it comes to juvenile crime, and the answer is unanimous - parents"
According to the text, a recent alternative to the traditional courtroom is _______________.
the community court
The large amount of crime that goes unreported is called
the dark side of crime.
Effective community policing depends on optimizing positive contact between patrol officers and community members.
true
Officers who have permanent assignments become experts about their beat.
true
Police departments that use citizen volunteers may benefit from increased cost-effectiveness.
true
When agencies with common interests work independently and not in collaboration, this is called "working in silos."
true
Four dimensions of _____________ are shared priorities, competency, dependability, and respect.
trust
A dilemma facing law enforcement and the immigration issue is whether police can build _______________ with immigrant communities if they are also to gather intelligence and enforce immigration law.
trusting partnerships
Territory occupied by a gang is called
turf
Which is not a name for a laboratory that produces small-quantity batches of methamphetamine?
two pot lab
Most police departments understand that the level of police cooperation will
ultimately affect how the public views the police. At the same time reporters rely on the police for information.
Females in gangs are
used as lookouts
According to the text, some call-management strategies include
using an officer to take telephone reports of nonemergency, low-priority calls. taking reports by appointment. having civilians handle certain calls.
Community courts:
usually address a wide range of offenses involving quality of life
Official communication is
usually written
An indirect threat tend to be
vague, unclear, and ambiguous. The plan, the intended victim, the motivation, and other aspects of the threat are masked or equivocal: "If I wanted to, I could kill everyone at this school!"
Language and its meaningq
vary from culture to culture
The "__________________" has been proposed as an innovative and low-cost approach to test for racial profiling in a department's traffic stop practices
veil-of-darkness method
Which is the most prevalent from of bullying according to the 2009 study mentioned in the text?
verbal
As police departments adopt the community policing philosophy and implements its strategies, public support is
vital
Community prosecution focuses not on specific cases but on community issues and problems, often focusing on a. hot spot crime. b. juvenile crime issues. c. quality-of-life issues. d. career criminals.
c. quality-of-life issues.
The __________ encodes a message and then transmits the message. a. telephone b. transmitter c. sender d. receive
c. sender
Statements such as "The French are great lovers" are based on a. notions. b. bias. c. stereotypes. d. history.
c. stereotypes.
Community prosecution philosophy calls on prosecutors to a)attend daily patrol briefings. b)prosecute the fullest extent of the law. c) take a proactive approach. d) develop collaboration with jails.
c. take a proactive approach.
Conflicting interests may impede establishing a __________ and shared goals.
common vision
. The very language used to refer to others can interfere with ___________________
communication
relationship
communication between a giver and receiver
Official communication is an important part of
communication in action
Research suggests that students' academic motivation, commitment to democratic values and resistance to problem behaviors depend on their experience of the school as a
community
School should be viewed as
community
CPAS are popular among
community members
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes improved communication and joint policy and program development is
community mobilization
Establishing and maintaining mutual trust is a central goal of community and
community partnership. Police have recognized the need for cooperation with the community. In the fight against serious crime, police have encouraged community members to come forth with relevant information.
People with mental and emotional impairments pose a greater challenge to what?
community policing efforts.
In their traditional role of crime fighter, the police seldom interact with those from the ___________ socioeconomic class. a. lower b. middle c. upper-middle d. upper
d. upper
Often known as ________________, local agencies and departments work quite independently of one another. a. working in "silence" b. working in "silos" c. working in "style" d. working in "staples"
d. working in "staples"
The use of unnecessary force and arrogance, aloofness, or rudeness at any level of the agency will
dampen the willingness of community members to ally themselves with the police.
Stereotyping between the police and media is
dangerous.
Dealing with the substance-abuse problem does not require collaborative efforts with
dealers
Profanity
decreases the user's power to negotiate
A rational theory of a crime is based on
deductive and inductive reasoning
Which involves living an assumed identity to infiltrate a group or organization?
deep cover
Police officers who dress in riot gear during a high-profile public protest ___________.
demonstrate their readiness to maintain peace and order
The news media and the police are two powerful forces in our society that
depend on one another but are often hostile toward and mistrust each other.
The best means for officers to learn to cope with stress is for their agencies to
develop programs that promote mental wellness
The 40 ideals, experiences, and qualities established by the Search Institute to help youth are called
developmental assets.
Which is not an impediment to acceptance of community policing?
Community morality
West Coast States Recreational Marijuana use
-Alaska -California -Nevada -Oregon -Washington -Colorado
East Coast States Recreational Marijuana Use
-Michigan -Vermont -Massachusetts -Maine
News Media Echo Effect
...
Crime prevention became popular in the:
1960s and 1970s
Crime prevention became popular in the
1960s and 1970s.
Federal initiatives to protect our nation's youths include passage of the
1) Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act 2) America's Promise Alliance 3) Project Safety Childhood 4) The Safe Start Initiative
These 40 developmental assets are grouped into eight categories
1) Support 2) Empowerment 3) Boundaries and Expectations 4) Constructive use of time 5) Commitment to learning 6) Positive values 7) Social competence 8) Positive identity to help youngsters succeed in school and in life.
Olweus recommends seven strategies:
1) adult supervision at recess 2) strict enforcement of clear rules for student behavior 3) consistent, nonphysical punishment of students who misbehave 4) assistance to bullying victims that helps them to assert themselves 5) parental encouragement that helps students develop and maintain friendships 6) clear and positive communication between parents and school officials 7) clear and swift reaction to persistent physical or verbal bullying. Schools that implemented the program found a 40 - to 50% reduction rate in bullying behavior within the first 2 years
The Safe Start Initiative program, is designed to expand current partnerships among service providers in key areas such as (10)
1) early childhood education/development, 2)health 3) mental health 4) child welfare 5) family support 6) substance abuse prevention/intervention, 7) domestic violence/crisis intervention 8) law enforcement 9) the courts 10) legal services
The Stoping Violence before It Starts: Identifying Early Predictors of Adolescent Violence study showed that the presence of three characteristics in 7th graders made it more likely that a student would frequently resort to overall violence 5 years later:
1) having poor grades 2) having experienced frequent moves between elementary schools and 3) exhibiting early deviant behavior. Although these findings held true for both boys and girls, there were differences
In the accepted school resource officer model, SROs engage in three types of activities
1) law enforcement 2) teaching 3) mentoring
The FBI's four-pronged assessment evaluates four major areas making up the "totality of the circumstances"
1) personality of the student 2) family dynamics 3) school dynamics and the student's role in those dynamics 4) social dynamics
Four dimensions of trust are
1) shared priorites 2) competency 3) dependability 4) respect
Clear policies should be established for
1) tardiness 2) absenteeism/class cutting 3) physical conflicts among students 4) student tobacco use 5) verbal abuse of teachers 6) drug use 7) vandalism of school property 8) alcohol use 9) robbery or theft 10) gangs 11) racial tensions 12) possession of weapons 13) physical abuse of teachers 14) sale of drugs on school grounds
Law enforcement adapt 2 practices used successfully in businesses
1. networking: it's building and maintaining professional relationships building professional relationships for personal and professional benefits 2. seeking customer satisfaction, that is being service oriented. most important thing to police officers and businesses. If it's not good, people will leave. -everything we do is our job Members of community pay for services, and should treat citizens as customers
Results of one survey showed that how many respondents felt one purpose of CCTV cameras was to spy on people?
1/3
The 2014 NSDUH showed that how many people aged 12 or older reported driving under the influence during the year prior?
10 million
The peak age for joining a gang is
15
According to the text, what is the number identified by the Baltimore police for -nonemergency calls?
311
Large cities have begun to implement _______________ lines to divert nonemergency calls from 911.
311
Researchers note a
34% total reduction in calls to 911 and widespread community acceptance of 311 as an alternative number.
Developmental assets are
40 ideals, experiences and qualities established by the Search Institute to "help young people make wise decisions, choose positive paths, and grow up competent, caring, and responsible.
The Search Institute promotes establishing
40 ideals, experiences, and qualities - "development assets" that are associated with reduced high-risk behaviors and increased thriving behaviors.
How many states engage in administrative license revocation?
41
Warrantless use of a GPS device violates which amendment?
4th Amendment
In 2012, how many responding law enforcement agencies had a gang unit?
64 percent
In 2012, how many responding law enforcement agencies had a gang unit?
64%
The 2015 National Drug Control Strategy has how many core areas of focus?
7
Soundbites should be between
7 and 12 seconds.
Law enforcement and private security organizations have been under pressure not only to provide traditional services but also to contribute to the national effort to protect the homeland from internal and external threats since
9/11
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
A common disruptive behavior disorder characterized by heightened motor activity (fidgeting and squirming), short attention span, distractibility, impulsiveness, and lack of self-control.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
A common disruptive disorder characterized by heightened motor activity, short attention span, lack of self control.
School should be viewed as
A community
School should be viewed as:
A community
cultural pluralism
A condition in which many cultures coexist within a society and maintain their cultural differences (examples: little italy, china town, little havana)
racial profiling
A form of discrimination that singles out people of racial or ethnic groups because of a belief that these groups are more likely than others to commit certain types of crimes. Race-based enforcement is illegal.
racial profiling
A form of discrimination that singles out people of racial or ethnic groups because of a belief that these groups are more likely that others to commit certain types of crimes.
A group of people who form an ongoing alliance for a common purpose and engage in unlawful or criminal activity form
A gang
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
A group of alcohol-related birth defects that include both physical and mental problems. Leading cause of mental retardation in the West.
Larger departments tend to designate whom to communicate with media?
A public information officer
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
A persistent re-experiencing of a traumatic event
PTSD
A persistent reexperiencing of a traumatic event through intrusive memories, dreams, and a variety of anxiety-related symptoms
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
A persistent reexperiencing of a traumatic event through intrusive memories, dreams, and a variety of anxiety-related symptoms.
Bias
A prejudice that inhibits objectivity. Can evolve into hate
bias
A prejudice that inhibits objectivity; can evolve into hate.
call stacking
A process performed by a computer-aided dispatch system in which nonemergency, lower-priority calls are ranked and held or "stacked" so the higher priorities are continually dispatched first.
Alzheimer's disease (AD)
A progressive, irreversible, and incurable brain disease with no known cause that affects four million elderly Americans; the classic symptom is memory loss.
Alzheimer's disease (AD)
A progressive, irreversible, and incurable brain disease with no known cause that affects four million elderly Americans; the classic symptom is memory loss. No known cause, and always fatal. People with AD may wander or become lost, engage in inappropriate sexual behavior, lose impulse control, shoplift, falsely accuse others, appear intoxicated, drive erratically, or become victims of crime. Many symptoms of it and intoxication are identical: confusion and disorientation; problems with short term memory, language, sight, and coordination; combativeness and extreme reactions; and loss of contact with reality.
Most recently, the adolescent birth rate was at
A record low
Most recently, the adolescent birth rate was at:
A record low
Core components of effective community partnerships are:
A shared vision and common goals, Open communication
Which takes on a nickname and writes it on public and private spaces?
A tagger
TRIAD
A three-way partnership among the American Association of Retired Persons (AARP), the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), and the National Sheriffs' Association (NSA) to address criminal victimization of older people.
Territory occupied by a gang is called
A turf
keep officers in the same beat and on the same shift
According to the text, a good way to build relationships and trust within communities is:
mission statement, departmental organization, the general approach to "fighting crime"
According to the text, community policing will require a change in:
Which regulation is helping the war on drugs?
Abatement statutes
Which is not one of the 5 underlying principles of CPTED?
Access prevention
Which is not one of the five underlying principles of CPTED?
Access prevention
possible access to confidential material
According to the text, concerns about using volunteers in police departments include:
performance to the text
According to the text, evaluating the effectiveness of community policing requires that:
Violent acts of delinquency are less likely to be committed by youth with
After school supervision
Violent acts of delinquency are less likely to committed by youths with:
After-school supervision
Which is not a major component of CPTED?
Aggressive pursuit
Which of the following should be able to recognize child victims of violence and abuse?
All of the above
Which of the following suggestions is an effective response to drive-by shootings?
All of the above
go by the book
All of the following are considered "participatory style" styles of leadership except:
cultural pluralism
Alternative to assimilation, suggest many melting pots. It's when diverse cultures peacefully coexist. Some groups are comfortable in 1 pot, others are comfortable in another i.e. china town, little italy.
The public's fascination with crime shown on shows such as
America's Most Wanted, Cops, Vegas Strip, and dozens of other criminal justice-themed broadcasts.
General Colin Powell established
America's Promise Alliance
General Colin Powell established:
America's Promise Alliance
What type of study comprises research based on observation or practical experience?
An empirical study
Which comprises research based on observation or practical experience?
An empirical study
public information officer (PIO)
An officer trained in public relations and assigned to disseminate information to the media, thereby providing accurate, consistent information while controlling leaks of confidential or inaccurate information and managing controversial or negative situations to the department's benefit.
When dealers sell to all potential customers, eliminating only those suspected of being police or some other threat, it is called
An open drug market
An ongoing organization, association, or group of 3 or more people with a common interest in a criminal conduct, and whose members must operate a motorcycle to achieve membership is called
An outlaw motorcycle gang
How do most police officers spend the majority of their time?
Answering non-emergency calls, controlling traffic, and writing tickets
Two-thirds
Arab-Americans come from 22 different Arab-speaking countries and how many are actually Christians
National Night Out originated in
Arizona
National Night Out originated in:
Arizona
Which city mentioned in the text implemented a 311 nonemergency call system to reduce the response burden on police?
Baltimore
Qualitative assessments
Assessments that are more descriptive and less statistical than empirical studies
Stereotyping
Assuming all people w/in a specific group are the same. Generalizing from a few to the many is a serious problem for many police. It is a very natural tendency to stereotype people, but can be fatal to effective communication.
stereotyping
Assuming all people within a specific group are the same, lacking individuality. There are stereotypes about the police held by citizens, and vice versa.
stereotyping
Assuming all people within a specific group are the same, lacking individuality.
In the Rand Corporation's 2005 report, which did not make it more likely that a student would frequently resort to violence 5 years later
Attractiveness
In the Rand Corporation's 2005 report, which did not make it more likely that a student would frequently resort to violence 5 years later?
Attractiveness
Volunteers may serve as:
Auxiliary patrol Community service officers Reserve officers
Which is not a reason why police may be justified in withholding information from the media?
Because officers do not wish to deal with reporters.
Racism
Belief that a human population having a distinct genetically transmitted characteristic is inferior.
Racism flows in _________directions between the police and the citizens within the communities they serve.
Both
Victims of ATM robberies are usually robbed
Between midnight and 4am
Foot patrol and automobile patrol have opposite effects in terms of officer mobility and community rapport. ______ gives officers much more mobility than foot patrol and can be advantageous for community relations.
Bicycle patrol
`Five or more alcoholic drinks in a row during the previous 2 weeks is considered
Binge drinking
Which is not one of the most common strategies traditionally used community policing?
Boat patrol
What characteristics were shared among the 18 model programs evaluated by the Inner-City Crime Project?
Building on community strengths Incorporating natural support systems An identifiable group of clients Strong leader Sufficient resources Had clearly stated goals and procedures
Name calling, fistfights, extortion, and sexual harassment are all types of
Bullying
Name calling, fistfights, extortion, and sexual harassment are all types of:
Bullying
Pottinger v City of Miami (Homeless)
Bum sweeps are a violation of their civil rights. (Minor arrest and confiscating and destroying all their property).
Which set of drugs are all currently considered to pose the greatest threat?
CPD's, heroin, meth
Which set of drugs are all currently considered to pose the greatest threat?
CPDs, heroin, meth
The practice of altering the physical environment to enhance safety, reduce the incidence and fear of crime, and improve the quality of life is referred to by which acronym?
CPTED
call management
Calls are prioritized based on the department's judgment about the emergency nature of the call (e.g., imminent harm to a person or a crime in progress), response time, need for backup, and other local factors.
tell their stories of police contact to at least three other people
Chermak and weiss recommended: "Law enforcement agencies should implement and devise broad marketing strategies to increase public awareness and involvement in - community policing activities." Which of the following was not one of their recommendations?
The text mentions that crime prevention efforts use the media alongside which city's police force?
Chicago
Crack children
Child exposed to cocaine while in the womb.
Invisible and neglected individuals in our nation. They have no voice and no constituency (w/o a bed, privacy, lost safety) these losses create life altering that inflicts lasting scars.
Children experiencing homelessness are among the most...
The Safe Start National Resource Center helps support those working with
Children exposed to violence
The Safe Start National Resource Center helps support those working with:
Children exposed to violence
crack children
Children who were exposed to cocaine while in the womb.
__________________________ is broadly defined as partnerships between the formal criminal justice system, the private sector, and community groups to promote public safety and enhance quality of life in the community.
Community Justice
Which element of CPTED can have the greatest impact on how individuals perceive the livability of their neighborhood?
Community building
Which of the following would promote the development of creative forms of crime control, such as drug courts and teen courts?
Community justice
According to the text, which California city implemented a successful bullying prevention program using the Olweus anti-bullying model?
Chula VIsta
According to the text, which California city implemented a successful bullying prevention program using the Olwer's anti-bullying model
Chula Vista
According to the text, which California city implemented a successful bullying prevention program using the Olweus anti-bullying model?
Chula Vista
According to the 2015 Monitoring the Future, which drugs are decreasing in use?
Cigarettes and alcohol
Adele just attended a training program designed to help her recognize what she needs to do if she sees suspicious behavior while she is on volunteer duty in her neighborhood. Which of the following is she a part of?
Citizen patrols
encourage public involvement in crime prevention and problem-solving efforts in their neighborhoods
Citizen police academies:
Which of the following is used primarily by third -party policing that is not normally used by police?
Civil law
Which of the following would include paid, non-sworn personnel to augment sworn officers?
Civilianization
When dealers sell only to people they know or who are vouched for by other buyers, it is called
Closed drug market
Focusing only on those living around at-risk places rather than an entire neighborhood is called
Cocoon neighborhood watch
You have been assigned to watch a couple suspected of potential terrorism plots. You are told to record their every move outside of the house, including who they meet with and for how long. Which step in the intelligence process is this?
Collection
Culture
Collection of artifacts, tools, ways of living, values, and language common to a group of people.
Partnerships between the formal criminal justice system, the private sector, and community groups to promote public safety broadly define
Community Justice
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes improved communication and joint policy and program development is
Community mobilization
________ is a goal-oriented police management process that relies heavily on computer technology and accountability of top-level administrators.
Compstat
You need to determine where to assign patrols based on the greatest need. What can you use to determine the location of these areas?
Computerized crime mapping
The First Amendment to the US Constitution states:
Congress shall make no law.. abridging the freedom of speech or of the press. The free flow of information is a fundamental right in our society.
Which is a benefit of conflict between police and media?
Constructive criticism
__________ is the result of a process that evaluates information collected from diverse sources, integrates the relevant information into a cohesive package, and produces a conclusion or estimate about a criminal phenomenon by using the scientific approach to problem solving.
Criminal intelligence
Objectives of CPTED
Control access by creating both real and perceptual barriers to entry Take advantage of design to provide opportunities to see and be seen Use design to define ownership and encourage maintenance of territories.
You are a part of a task force created to detect possible threats of terrorism in the area. Your team has detected a threat in a section of the city that is ripe with gang activity. You need to work with other task forces to gain the information you need to respond to the potential terroristic threat. Which of the following actions would be MOST helpful given the scenario?
Creating a fusion center
Target displacement
Crime can find another target
Geographical displacement
Crime is moved from one location to the other
Temporal displacement
Crime moves from one time to another
Which involves living an assumed identity to infiltrate a group or organization?
Deep cover
the releasing of and providing support services for the mentally/disabled retarded or mentally ill in the community rather than in institutions
Deinstitutionalization in terms of Chapter 6 refers to:
Probably, the most evaluated drug prevention program is
DARE
Which is not a gang prevention program?
DARE
Dealing with the substance abuse problem does not require collaborative efforts with
Dealers
all of the above
Departments that have successfully implemented community policing generally have:
Which police department mentioned in the text has a community involvement handbook?
Des Moine
Which police department mentioned in the text has a community involvement handbook?
Des Moines
symbiotic
Describes a relationship of mutual dependence upon each other.
Crisis Intervention Team model
Developed in Memphis in 1988 combines police with mental health professionals and community includes extensive mental health training. Focuses on building relationships between law enforcement and the mental health community .
The 40 ideals, experiences and qualities established by the Search Institute to help youth are called
Developmental assests
The 40 ideals, experiences, and qualities established by the Search Institute to help youth are called:
Developmental assets
Hot spots and hot times are associated with which type of patrol?
Directed patrol
Which is not an impediment to acceptance of community policing?
Discredited sponsors
Which occurs when offenders, aware of surveillance cameras, simply move their activity to another area
Displacement
Which occurs when offenders, aware of surveillance cameras, simply move their activity to another area?
Displacement
CPTED process:
Evaluates crime environment and features of the environment that facilitate crime Attempts to reduce these opportunities by changing aspects of both environmental design and use of the environment
Veil-of-darkness method
During nighttime hours, officers possess a degraded ability to discern race of the motorist. Therefore, if comparisons of day and nigh TStops reveal no significant difference regarding driver's race, then no racial bias
Symbolic communication is always active.
False
The police believe they receive great prestige and support for their actions.
False
EBD
Emotionally/behaviorally disturbed
EBD
Emotionally/behaviorally disturbed.
Empathy v Sympathy
Empathy - an active process in which you try to learn all you can about the other person. It's about understanding another person's feelings. Sympathy - an involuntary feeling - the passive experience of sharing another person's fear, grief, anger, joy...
The stressors inherent in policing affect officers in the same way.
False
Speed display boards and volunteer monitors are examples of
Enforcement responses
Warning signs and awareness campaigns are examples of
Engineering responses
Which term often gets confused with third-party policing?
Environmental criminology
2.5 to 3.5 million (2008)
Estimated homeless population in the US.
What does not correlate with inner-city crime?
Ethnic background
Which does not correlate with inner-city crime?
Ethnic background
A survey documented in the Sourcebook of Criminal Justice Statistics (2004) found that Black and nonblack (White and other minority) police officers strongly agree about the significance of race in how citizens are treated by police T or F
False
According to the text, much of the literature tends to discredit Skolnick's original thesis about the police personality.
False
According to the text, the U.S. Census Bureau predicts that by the year 2030 nearly one in five people will be age 30 or younger. T or F
False
Although community partnerships are important for police agencies serious about community policing, community policing can succeed without them. T or F
False
Although it may occur in public, intimidation is not a concern in the courtroom. T or F
False
Americans are effective listeners.
False
Changes of recent years have had no strong impact on police work.
False
Citizen police academies are shown to have significant benefits such as reduced levels of street crimes. T or F
False
Communication is always effective.
False
Distortion in communication only occurs at one stage of the process.
False
Few police look upon themselves as an oppressed minority.
False
In reality, police work is not hazardous.
False
Jargon probably helps communication more often than it impedes.
False
Jerome Skolnick does not believe police officers have a "working personality".
False
Law enforcement officers are more likely to lose their jobs due to homicides than accidents.
False
Lazy speech can never be corrected.
False
Mental illness and crisis behavior are the same thing. T or F
False
Nonverbal communication does not include a person's appearance. T or F
False
Only in our adult years, are we taught to attach great importance to symbolic cues.
False
Policing has little impact on those who choose it as a career.
False
Polls cited in the text find that Americans are less concerned today about immigration. T or F
False
Private security companies should be avoided when forming partnerships in Community Justice. T or F
False
Profanity can never be useful.
False
Profanity increases the user's power to negotiate.
False
Providing help to victims originated as a grassroots effort in the 1990s to help battered women. T or F
False
Remembering skills cannot be improved. T or F
False
Researchers have concluded that linking 311 call technologies with changes in policy and practice does not advance a department's community-oriented policing agenda. T or F
False
Seldom does policing become a disruptive influence for the family.
False
All agencies that receive federal funds must provide meaningful access to people who have limited english proficiency. Failure to do so can result in discrimination based on national origin.
Federal law requires police departments to address the language barrier by;
Which Amendment guarantees the public's right to know?
First Amendment
What study appeared to decrease crime, increase general citizen satisfaction with foot patrol, reduce citizens' fear of crime, and create a positive perception of officers?
Flint Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program
Which study of community policing appeared to decrease crime, increase general citizen satisfaction with foot patrol, reduce citizens' fear of crime, and create a positive perception of officers?
Flint Neighborhood Foot Patrol Program
Which characteristic was not shared among the 18 model programs evaluated by the Inner-City Crime Project?
Focused on consequences of crime
Warrantless use of a GPS device violates which Amendment?
Fourth Amendment
Which protects the privacy rights of sex crime victims?
Freedom of Information Act
Which of the following teaches that milder illicit drugs lead directly to experimentation with and an addiction to hard drugs?
Gateway Theory
Which of the following teaches that milder illicit drugs lead directly to experimentation with and an addiction to hard drugs?
Gateway theory
The purpose of surveillance is to
Gather information
OMGs are not known for
Genocide
Community policing relies on active community involvement, recognizing that such involvement
Gives new dimension to crime control activities. While police continue to handle crime fighting and law enforcement responsibilities, the police and community work together to modify conditions that can encourage criminal behavior.
soundbites
Good, solid information stated briefly, that is, within 7 to 12 seconds.
Which is not an impediment to acceptance of community policing?
Government conspiracy
Unauthorized writing or drawing on public surfaces is
Grafitti
Which is not an effort to enhance crime prevention?
Guantanamo Bay
Which of the following is a geographic profiling system that would be used to access sex offender registries?
HITS
A partnership where a probation officer rides along with a patrol officer:
Has been described as the perfect match, Can result in a probationer's immediate arrest for a violation of probation
Whistle Stop programs involve the modern version of:
Hue and cry
Americans worry most about
Identity theft
losing the public's trust
If a law enforcement agency lies to the media, they risk:
history of mental illness in united states
In 1960s or 1970s had a good system, had institutions, but to save money they shut them down and sent them to community centers. Thousands were released from medical centers this was called "deinstitutionalization" Eventually, this becomes a police problem ,crimes increased, disorderly behavior, suicides and calls for community services Officers/first responders received very little, if any, training as how to identify, evaluate`, and handle people with these issues. Personality disorders are the most common form of mental illness encountered by police.
When was fingerprinting first used in a criminal justice context?
In first-century Rome
public information officer
In law enforcement context, a PIO is a:
Recognize prejudices and stereotypes. No one can be completely objective. Everyone, consciously or subconsciously has certain preferences and prejudices.
In order to avoid discrimination, it is critical to
Stakeholders are those people who have an interest
In what happens in a particular situation
nonverbal communication
Includes everything other than the actual words spoken in a message, such as tone, pitch, and pacing.
Poverty syndrome
Includes inadequate housing, education, and jobs and a resentment of those who control the social system.
poverty syndrome
Includes inadequate housing, education, and jobs and a resentment of those who control the social system.
What are criticisms of early foot patrol experiments?
Inconsistent findings Flawed research designs Lack of rigorous statistical analysis
What was one of the ways that community-era reformers attempted to improve relationships with citizens and ensure citizen satisfaction?
Increased foot patrols
San Francisco Police Department foot patrol program
Increased perception of safety Widely accepted
Traditional responses to preventing street prostitution have been
Ineffective
What are quality-of-life offenses?
Infractions that demoralize residents by creating disorder
True
Instead of "no comment", it is better to use on of the recommended examples: "That's currently under investigation, so i cant get into that right now"; "Id like to tell you more, but i don't want to jeopardize the case"; or "I'm sorry, but i'm not authorized to release that at this time".
Lack of time, use of jargon, lack of feedback, failure to listen, their position of authority.
L02 barriers to communication police officers often confront.
Community corrections are also called
Intermediate Sanctions
Which of the following elements of the Compstat Model would require operational commanders to identify and take action to correct problems within the command?
Internal accountability
communication process
Involves a sender, a message, a channel, a receiver, and, sometimes, feedback.
Prejudice
Is a negative judgment not based on fact.
Collecting trace evidence may be challenging for all of these reasons EXCEPT which one? A. It gets old very quickly. B. It is minute or nearly invisible. C. Someone has tried to get rid of it D. It sometimes requires technology to detect it.
It gets old very quickly.
The most significant problem with anthropometry was which of the following?
It was inaccurate.
Whether police can build trusting partnerships with immigrants if they are also gathering intel and enforce immigration law
L03 the dilemma facing law enforcement regarding immigration issues is
What was the key event that made firearms identification a science?
Its development of the bullet comparison microscope by Calvin Goddard
Which FBI-sponsored group is composed of federal, state, and local law enforcement, which are brought together to focus on a specific threat?
JTTF (joint terrorism task force).
Who developed a working personality of police which makes police officers suspicious people?
Jerome Skolnick
Prejudice is an attitude. Discrimination is a behavior
L04 differences between prejudice and discrimination
Because they are a major source of common crime information known to law enforcement.
L07 why effective communication w/ victims of and witnesses to crime is essential
Which step of CPTED is encouraged to prevent burglary and theft at construction sites?
Target hardening
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Legislation signed in 1990 that guarantees that persons with disabilities will have equal access to any public facilities available to persons without disabilities.
Which of the following statements is true of the levels of intelligence?
Level 2 intelligence agencies produce tactical and strategic intelligence for internal consumption.
Which level of intelligence would a state police agency fall under?
Level 3
Which involves deception, but allows an officer to go home at the end of his shift?
Light cover
What means of deterring crime has been around since ancient times?
Lighting
In many American families, the traditional bonds of discipline and respect between parent and child have
Loosened
In many American families, the traditional bonds of discipline and respect between parent and child have:
Loosened
Which type of media are police and fire departments increasingly using to disseminate information to the public?
Social media
Which drug is perceived by most Americans as neither dangerous nor harmful?
Marijuana
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Major anti-discrimination law for disabled; requires access (ramps) to any public facility available to person w/o disabilities. All brochures/printed materials must be available in braille or on audiotape. However, It does not grant special liberty to individuals with disabilities in matters of law nor does it dictate police must take a "hands off" approach if involved in criminal conduct.
Which is not a local strategy for addressing gang problems?
Mandatory minimums
According to the 2015 Monitoring the Future, use of which drug has remained stable?
Marijuana
Most identity theft cases involved
Misuse of an existing account
A gang member;s nickname is called their
Moniker
Statistics about mental illness in U.S.
Most mental illnesses are identified by age 18 American Association of Retired Persons Average American is living longer, number of elderly are increasing Police coping with this new age problem A child born in 1997 will live 30 years longer than a child born in 1900s, we age our and and body changes Approximately 20% of Americans have some type of disability Crime prevention programs aimed at the older population (ex: direct deposit, community buses, etc).
Through the uniform and equipment carried.
Most obvious way the police communicate with the public?
Avery just took part in a citizen police academy session and came away from it with some interesting information. When asked by a researcher how he felt about police, he responded that he had more respect for them. The researcher did not take this as a significant sign of attitude change. Why not?
Most people who enter these academies already have respect for the police.
Fair and Impartial Policing (FIP)
Movement that forms a cornerstone of procedural justice, asserts that training and policy review, the negative impacts of implicit bias can be reduced by teaching officers to identify their "blink responses". This can help improve how officers interact with diverse populations.
Which was created by the Office of Justice Programs to create a comprehensive approach to reduce gang involvement?
NGC
Which was created by the office of Justice Programs to create a comprehensive approach to reduce gang involvement
NGC
In 2016, the FBI added animal cruelty as a category in which program?
NIBRS
Which of the following step-by-step processes was created to provide suggestions for improved intelligence gathering for law enforcement agencies in the fight against terrorism?
National Criminal Intelligence Sharing Plan
Is a qualitative evaluation better than an empirical study?
No, a qualitative evaluation is only different.
Which city developed Teaching Effective Alcohol Management (TEAM) to deal with underage drinking?
Ocean City, Maryland
Most police chases are initiated in response to
Non-violent crime
Distrust of law enforcement. Most common solution- communication and dialogue.
Number 1 barrier between the Arab community and the police
Which is not a crime fighting technology?
OJJDP
In the late 1980s, gun violence was on the rise in
Oakland, California and an increasing number of youth homicides were occurring as the result of heightened gang activity, drug dealing, and racial tensions in the schools and the streets.
collaboration
Occurs when a number of agencies and individuals make a commitment to work together and contribute resources to obtain a common, long-term goal.
acculturation
Occurs when a society takes in or assimilates other cultures. Also called assimilation.
assimilation
Occurs when a society takes in or assimilates various other cultures to become a "melting pot." Also called acculturation.
working in "silos"
Occurs when agencies with common interests work independently with no collaboration.
True
Officers who have permanent assignment become experts about their beat.
Tactical displacement
One crime method is substituted for another
The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act is also known as
The Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act
Crime type displacement
One type of crime is substituted for another
Results of one survey showed that how many respondents felt one purpose of CCTV cameras was to spy on people?
One-third
Which is not one of the five underlying principles of CPTED?
Open borders
Changes to make crime more difficult, risky, less rewarding, or less excusable are referring to as
Opportunity blocking
A law enforcement strategy to address the gang problem that includes special police units and crisis programs is
Organizational development
Which of the following dimensions would be involved in planning and implementing new computer programs to create better communication and transfer of information?
Organizational dimension
Criminal Justice agencies are not the only local government agencies responsible for responding to community problems.
Partnering with other city and county departments and agencies is important to problem-solving success. Sometimes described as "working in silos", local government agencies and departments have traditionally worked quite independently from each other.
Community Policing cannot succeed without
Partnerships. Traditional policing expected the community members to remain in the background. Crime and disorder were viewed as police matters, best left to professionals. That meant most citizen-police interactions were "NEGATIVE CONTACTS" After all, people do not call the police when things are going well. A citizens only opportunity to interact with officers was a victim of crime, as an involved party in some other emergency situation, or as the subject of some enforcement action such as receiving a traffic ticket.
Effective community policing depends on "optimizing positive contact" between
Patrol officers and community members. Patrol cars are only one method of conveying police services. Police departments may supplement automobile patrols with foot, bicycle, scooter, and horseback patrols and admini-stations to bring police closer to the community.
Bullying is more accurately termed
Peer Child Abuse
Bullying is also called
Peer abuse
95%
Percentage of "good kids" that have not been in trouble with the law
Police officers in a neighborhood precinct notice that trouble occurs at the same time each day when students from one high school get off at a certain bus stop at the same time as students from another high school. They decide to create a basketball league with off-duty police officers and students from each of these high schools on each team right after school to get the kids talking to each other. What is this an example of?
Problem-solving policing
homeless camps, public intoxication, abuse
Problems associated with homeless persons include:
The Department of Justice launched
Project Safe Childhood
The Department of Justice launched:
Project Safe Childhood
A condition, characteristic, or variable that increases the likelihood that a child will avoid delinquency is called a
Protective factor
A condition, characteristics, or variable that increases the likelihood that a child will avoid delinquency is called a:
Protective factor
____________________ is a belief that a human population having a distinct genetically transmitted characteristic is inferior.
Racism
Routine activities theory
Rational offenders have criminal opportunities as they go about their daily routine and make decisions whether or not to take action.
Victims may consider the matter to be private, feel ashamed or believe the police will be unable to do anything. Some fear retaliation from offenders
Reasons why victims fail to report a large number of burglaries, robberies, agg ass, rapes...
Which is not an impediment to acceptance of community policing?
Public rebuttal
A multi-agency law enforcement team imposing all available sanctions on gang members who violate established standards for behavior is
Pulling levers
Which is not an effective response to drive-by shootings?
Putting tracked guns in circulation
is discriminatory and illegal
Race-based enforcement:
The use of courtesy and respect is the safest and most powerful way for police officers to interact with even dangerous or explosive members of the public. "Tactical Civility" if officers react with rudeness/threatening comments, they put the other person on notice of a pending attack, a tactical mistake. "Don't use words that will betray you later"
Regarding communication, Dr George Thompson (Verbal Judo) asserted
A condition, characteristic, or variable that increases the likelihood that a child will become delinquent is a:
Risk factor
A condition, characteristic, or variable that increases the likelihood that a child will become delinquent; often the opposite of a protective factors is a
Risk factor
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes education, training, work incentives, and jobs is
Social opportunities
Preventing witness intimidation
Requires multi-agency partnerships
What are the 4 dimensions of trust?
Respect, Dependability, Competency
Partnerships usually result in a more effective solution to a problem because of the shared
Responsibilities, resources, and goals.
_____________________advocates a balanced approach to justice that involves offenders, victims, local communities, and government to alleviate and repair the harm caused by crime and violence and to maintain peaceful communities.
Restorative Justice
crisis behavior
Results when a person has a temporary breakdown in coping skills; not the same as mental illness.
crisis behavior
Results when a person has a temporary breakdown in coping skills; not the same as mental illness. Anyone can suffer from a crisis.
Crisis Behavior
Results whn a person has a temporary breakdown in coping skills. Anyone can suffer from crisis.
A condition, characteristic, or variable that increases the likelihood that a child will become a delinquent is a
Risk factor
Volunteers may not serve as
SWAT officers.
Stakeholders might include
School board members, business leaders, elected officials, neighborhood-watch/block clubs, community activists, the attorney general
The 2015 National Drug Control Strategy has how many core areas of focus?
Seven
The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act, also known as the
Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act (SORNA), went into effect in 2006 and strengthens the national standards for sex offender registration and notification as well as provides statutory authorization for Project Safe Childhood, described later in this chapter.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Signed into law in 1990 by President Bush, guarantees that persons with disabilities will have equal access to any public facilities available to person without disabilities. This forced people to change ex: corners of streets, now they're wheelchair accessible Helps build partnerships for community policing.
The government does not have the power to finance the war on drugs by seizing drug traffickers' illegally obtained
Slaves
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes treatment for youths, outreach and referral to social services is
Social intervention
Two forces driving the increased partnerships between public and private police are the proliferation of cybercrime and the need for
Specialized Knowledge
The Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act is also known as:
The Sex Offender Registration and Notification Act
Which is not a local strategy for addressing gang problems?
State legislation
Those characteristics or variables which cannot be changed are
Static Risk Factors
Which step of CPTED is encouraged to prevent burglary and theft at construction sites
Target hardening
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes tactics such as prevention, arrest, and imprisonment is
Suppression
A coordinated approach known as _______________ works to design interjurisdictional partnerships to reduce victimization of older persons.
TRIAD
a display of anger
Tactical civility as taught by the Verbal Judo Institute stressed that officers cannot afford to show:
1. Anti-Camping laws 2. Laws against soliciting employment in public place 3. Removal of park benches 4. Locking public restrooms 5. Laws preventing providing food to the homeless 6. Curfew for homeless 7. Laws agains sitting/lying on sidewalk.
Tactics to eliminate or minimize problems presented by the homeless;
Your department wants to get more involved in the efforts of Homeland Security because they are located near an international border. Which of the following would provide the department with guidance on critical issues related to anti terrorism planning and critical-incident response?
Taking Command Initiative
Which refers to making potential objectives of criminals more difficult to obtain through the use of improved locks, alarm systems and security cameras?
Target hardening
Which refers to making potential objectives of criminals more difficult to obtain through the use of improved locks, alarm systems, and security cameras?
Target hardening
mental health professionals
The CIT model combines police officers with what other professionals?
To communicate effectively is to be skilled in overt and subtle, make one's intentions known whether the recipient is deaf, unable to understand English, mentally handicapped, enraged, under the influence, or simply unfamiliar with normal police procedure.
The Rand Report, "Training the 21st century police officer: redefining police professionalism for LAPD" notes this regarding communication:
Operation clean sweep in Rialto, California, identified its drug problem using
The SARA model
Which two Amendments are often incompatible when it comes to police and the media?
The First and Sixth Amendments
govern what police can and cannot disclose to the media
The Freedom of Information Act and state public records have:
The best-known citizen patrol is:
The Guardian Angels
Which Amendment guarantees suspects the right to a fair trial and protects defendants' rights?
The Sixth Amendment
a sender, a message, a receiver
The communication process involves:
Which of these factors is a limit to the effectiveness of the officer in automobile patrols?
The distraction of the act of driving
Sixth
The first amendment guarantee of freedom of the press is often incompatible with the ______ amendment guarantee of the right to fair trial and protection of the defendants rights
against self-incrimination
The first amendment to the US Constitution guarantees the right:
fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
The leading known cause of mental retardation in the Western world; effects include impulsivity, inability to predict consequences or to use appropriate judgment in daily life, poor communication skills, high levels of activity, distractibility in small children, and frustration and depression in adolescents.
Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Compstat model?
The organization develops the capacity and habit of changing established routines.
perp walk
The police practice of parading suspects before the media, often simply for the publicity provided by news media coverage.
ethnocentrism
The preference for one's own way of life over all others.
Ethnocentrism
The preference of one's own way of life over all others. the belief that one's culture is superior. Ethnocentricity and segregation are consequences of a desire to avoid uncomfortable uncertainty
The Council on Foreign Relations, headquartered in New York City and Washington, insists that police departments have responded with counter-terrorism tactics. Which from the following is not one of them? A. Increasing patrols around landmarks, places of worship, ports of entry, and transit systems. B. The strengthening of liaisons between federal, state, and local agencies, including fire departments and other police departments C. The provision of state statutes that allow law enforcement officials to interrogate individuals, assumed to be Muslim, without probable cause of their involvement in terrorism. D. Guarding public speeches more heavily
The provision of state statutes that allow law enforcement officials to interrogate individuals, assumed to be Muslim, without probable cause of their involvement in terrorism.
Which of the following police roles will likely remain an impediment (obstruction) to complete trust within a community?
The role of restraining illegal behavior that violates the law
kinesics
The study of body movement or body language.
Kinesics
The study of body movement, body language "sixth sense"
Jargon
The technical language of a profession.
jargon
The technical language of a profession.
news media echo effect
The theory that the media have the power, through their coverage of isolated, high-profile cases, to influence the operations of the criminal justice system and even the disposition of individual cases.
Which of these is a key value of using hostage negotiators in a crisis situation?
The time it takes to negotiate gives the suspect a chance to calm down.
Implicit bias
The unintentional, subconscious associations every individual (all people) makes among groups of people and stereotypes about those groups. Biases from Thinking w/out thinking labeled as a "blink" response.
jargon
The use of _____, the technical language of a profession, is a barrier to communication
Cultural Conflict Theory
Theory that suggest that diverse cultures that share the same territory will compete with and attempt to exploit on another. (Example: early settlers and native american tribes)
Which is not a criticism of the early foot patrol experiments?
They were too scientifically exact.
La Tasha works at a local bar that has been known to have late night brawls. The police decide to pay La Tasha a visit as her bar has been a catalyst in many of their late-night calls. The police explain to La Tasha that she needs to close her bar earlier, at 11, instead of the usual hour of 2 am. When La Tasha refuses, the police warn her that due to old statute's her liquor license could be suspended. La Tasha agrees to close her bar at an earlier hour. What is this an example of?
Third-party policing
Which of the following efforts would use a non-offending individual to enforce an issue that is within his or her realm of responsibility or face civil consequences?
Third-party policing
attention deficit disorder (ADD)
This disorder can be confused with ADHD. It's the disorder of being easily distracted without the presence of hyperactivity. The absence of hyperactivity is the primary distinguishing feature between them.
The officer's "body language" is very important when communicating with the public. T or F
True
Modern crime prevention aims to do all of the following EXCEPT: A. Thoroughly punish criminals for the crimes they have committed B. Lessen the public's fear of crime C. Lower the potential rewards of crime D. Reduce crime and criminal opportunities
Thoroughly punish criminals for the crimes they have committed
late majority
Those individuals who embrace uncertainty and change are called:
stakeholders
Those people who have an interest in what happens in a particular situation.
Gangs use children
To commit shoplifting
Which of the following sums up the main purpose of citizen police academies?
To create better perceptions of police
Collaboration occurs when a number of agencies and individuals make a commitment to work
Together and contribute resources to obtain a common, long term goal.
Speed bumps and traffic circles are examples of
Traffic calming devices
Which problems top the list of concerns of most neighborhoods and communities?
Traffic problems
The three-way partnership among the AARP, IACP, and the NSA is
Triad
The International Association of Chiefs of Police is researching a possible collaboration between public and private police. T or F
True
The homeless are more often the victims of crime than the perpetrators. T or F
True
A police officer is never "off duty".
True
A prejudice inhibits objectivity and can evolve into hate. T or F
True
According to the text, police officers may have more barriers to communication because of the image they convey. T or F
True
Although changes in body language do have meaning, the meaning is not always apparent.
True
Communication has no beginning or end.
True
Communication is basic to the world we know.
True
Communities across the country have enacted outright bans or placed extreme restrictions on providing food to the indigent and homeless. T or F
True
Community justice has its roots in restorative justice T or F
True
Community partnerships usually result in a more effective solution to a problem because of sharing responsibilities, resources, and goals T or F
True
Crime and disorder were viewed as police matters best left to professionals. That meant that most citizen-police interactions were negative contacts. T or F
True
Criticisms of the partnerships in community policing usually center on time and money. T or F
True
Departments might free up time for partnerships without expense through effective call management or call reduction. T or F
True
Developing the trust and confidence of new immigrant populations is essential for effective policing. T or F
True
Effective communicators recognize their own and others' biases and prejudices T or F
True
Effective community policing depends on optimizing positive contact between patrol officers and community members. T or F
True
Feedback is sometimes involved in the communication process. T or F
True
Generally the rules that regulate our use of personal space are implicit.
True
Human beings have the almost unconscious ability to turn thoughts into words.
True
In a democratic society, the police are limited in what they can do.
True
Incidents that may bring Alzheimer's patients into contact with the police include driving difficulties, false 911 reports, indecent exposure, shoplifting, and trespassing. T or F
True
Interpersonal communication takes place outside the person.
True
Isolation and rejection of the police from society results in a sense of alienation.
True
Language and its meaning vary from culture to culture.
True
Many of the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease are identical to those of intoxication T or F
True
Most of the violent individuals the police deal with are mental patients whose treatment plans have lapsed. T or F
True
Nonverbal communication includes everything other than the actual words spoken in a message such as tone, pitch, and pacing. T or F
True
Officers who have permanent assignments become experts about their beat. T or F
True
Official communication is usually written.
True
People entering the criminal justice profession need to possess a very special communication quality.
True
Person-to-group communication takes place outside the person.
True
Police are more likely to isolate themselves than to be isolated by others.
True
Police departments across the country now staff innovative programs with older citizen volunteers. T or F
True
Police departments that use citizen volunteers may benefit from increased cost-effectiveness. T or F
True
Prosecutors are one of the groups identified as key partners in Community Justice. T or F
True
Reliance on generalizing may result in stereotyping. T or F
True
Research has found law enforcement involves significantly more verbal interaction than physical interaction. T or F
True
Roughly 55 million people in this country, 20 percent of the U.S. population, speak a language other than English at home. T or F
True
Socialization theory holds that police behavior is learned from interactions with other police officers.
True
Stress is often demonstrated in nonverbal ways.
True
TRIAD trains police about aging, communication techniques with elderly citizens, victimization of the elderly, and management programs using older volunteers. T or F
True
The "veil-of-darkness" method has been proposed as an approach to test for racial profiling in a department's traffic stop practices. T or F
True
Which is the most prevalent form of bullying according to the 2009 study mentioned in the text
Verbal
Which is the most prevalent from of bullying according to the 2009 study mentioned in the text?
Verbal
strong recruiting and selection of police personnel
What is among the most important considerations in successfully implementing the community policing philosophy?
when national security is involved, when releasing information may compromise an investigation, when individuals' privacy may be violated
What is an exemption to the Freedom of Information Act?
36%
What percent of Officer involved shooting incidents were the result of suicide by cop
Forty-four percent
What percentage of Americans believe blacks and hispanics are treated less fair than whites in the CJS
Not the numbers alone, but the fact that millions of immigrants that are in the country illegally. DHS estimates in January 2010 that number was 10.8million (grew 27% between 2000-2010)
Whats alarming many Americans regarding the immigration issue:
The offenders have nowhere to commit their crimes. In communities where the community sees their police as Guardians, they work in concert with the police to "take out the bad guys".
Whats happens If the "gap" between the police and the community is closed;
First
When deciding whether to allow the media to take photographs or shoot video at crime scenes, police must consider important ______ Amendment constraints
participatory
When each individual has a voice in decisions, but top management retains the ultimate decision-making authority, this style of management is called ____ leadership
vision statement, mission statement, needs assessment, strategic planning
When implementing the community policing philosophy, the proper order of steps to take is:
collaboration
When several agencies come together and share resources, this is an example of:
Immediate reduction of crime levels
Which of the following is not likely benefit of implementing community policing?
Video cameras connected to CCTV may be used as a tool for
Wiretapping citizens
Often known as ________________, local agencies and departments work quite i-ndependently of one another.
Working in "Silos"
What occurs when agencies with common interests work independently with no collaboration?
Working in silos
Police work is
a hazardous craft
prejudice
a negative judgment not based on fact; it is an irrational, preconceived negative opinion. way we think (predict/prejudgement) prejudice is an attitude; discrimination is a behavior. The failure to consider individual characteristics is represented by prejudices.
The police practice of parading suspects before the media is called
a perp walk.
bias
a prejudice that inhibits objectivity; can evolve into hate.
Most recently, the adolescent birth rate was at
a record low
The cost of achieving public order through police action is a combination of cost in tax dollars and ________.
a reduction in civil liberties
A juvenile clique within a gang is called a
Youth gang
In 1989 the nonprofit youth agency,
YouthALIVE!, created the Teens on Target (TNT) initiative, the mission of which was to reduce youth injuries and deaths through peer education, peer intervention, mentoring, and leadership development. The program is still in operation, training urban youth who live in neighborhoods with the highest rates of violence how to become active advocates for violence prevention: "The program provides positive roles for youth to portray in schools, at conferences, at pubic hearings, and in the media that show low-income urban youth as leaders and spokespersons in preventing violence. The program seeks to demonstrate that violence is not an inevitable part of urban youth's lives"
A policy of punishing all offenses severely, no matter how minor an offense may be is called
Zero tolerance
stereotyping
_____ assumes that all people within a specific group are the same; they lack individuality
Use of bigoted and prejudiced language that does not in itself violate hate crime laws is called
a bias incident
mental illness
a biopsychosocial brain disorder characterized by dysfunctional thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviors that meet diagnostic criteria.
When dealers sell only to people they know or who are vouched for by other buyers, it is called
a closed drug market
culture
a collection of artifacts, tools, ways of living, values and languages common to a group of people, all passed from our generation to the next.
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
a common disruptive behavior disorder characterized by heightened motor activity (fidgeting and squirming), short attention span, distractibility, impulsiveness, and lack of self-control. 5 to 10 percent of all kids have it.
racial profiling
a form of discrimination that singles out people of racial or ethnic groups because of a belief that these groups are more likely than others to commit certain types of crimes. Race-based enforcement is illegal.
A group of people who form an ongoing allegiance for a common purpose and engage in unlawful or criminal activity form
a gang
According to the text, a good way to build relationships and trust within communities is to a) keep officers in the same beat and on the same shift. b)volunteer to clean up run-down neighborhoods. c) be active in afterschool programs. d) issue fewer citations and give more warnings for minor offenses.
a. keep officers in the same beat and on the same shift.
According to the text, concerns about using volunteers in police departments include a. possible access to confidential material. b. older people's well-known disrespect for the law. c. their tendency to try to take over enforcement duties. d. All of the above
a. possible access to confidential material.
According to the text, dimensions of trust are a. priorities, competency, dependability, and respect. b. citizenship, shared power, lawful assemblies, and shared concerns. c. cooperation, effectiveness, shared concerns, and organization. d. crime control, responsibility, service, and reliability.
a. priorities, competency, dependability, and respect.
Which legislation is helping the war on drugs?
abatement statutes
Having officers periodically rotate among the shifts impede their
ability to identify problems.
Bullying has been seen as a rite of passage and has resulted in schools where violence is
accepted.
A police-media relationship survey found that the factor most affecting this relationship was
accessibility to police data and personnel
A police-media relationship survey found that the factors most affecting this relationship was
accessibility to police data and personnel.
Law enforcement officers are more likely to lose their lives due to
accidents
Assimilation, also referred to as ___________________, was, indeed, what happened among the early colonists.
acculturation
Violent acts of delinquency are less likely to committed by youths with
after-school supervision
Working in "Silos" occurs when
agencies with common interests work independently with no collaboration.
Identify the "drug of choice" among police officers.
alcohol
The police officer's role in society tends to
alienate the officer from society as a whole
Isolation and rejection of the police from society result in a sense of
alienation
The process of communication begins with
an idea
When dealers sell to all potential customers, eliminating only those suspected of being police or some other threat, it is called
an open drug market
An ongoing organization, association, or group of three or more people with a common interest in criminal conduct, and whose members must operate a motorcycle to achieve membership is called
an outlaw motorcycle gang
What does effective police community relations depend on?
an understanding of oneself and others, critical to self understanding is recognizing discrimination, prejudices, and stereotypes - understanding yourself and others
Peer child abuse is
another term for bullying - name calling, fistfights, purposeful ostracism, extortion, character assassination, repeated physical attacks, and sexual harassment.
In court, parties' conflicting interests may result in
antagonism.
In a democratic society the police
are limited in what they can do
In the Rand Corporation's 2005 report, which did not make it more likely that a student would frequently resort to violence 5 years later?
attractiveness
Persons with Alzheimer's disease are what kind of victims of crime? a. Seldom victims because they are protected in assisted living quarters b. Easy prey for criminals c. Rarely victimized d. More frequently victims of police violence
b. Easy prey for criminals
Victims may suffer from not only financial loss but also a. depression. b. PTSD. c. embarrassment. d. fear of the system.
b. PTSD.
What trend is driving the need for increased use of private policing? a. Increase in burglary alarms b. Proliferation of cybercrime c. Need to conduct background checks d. Protecting existing resource
b. Proliferation of cybercrime
As stated in the text, which of the following statements is true regarding the overall socioeconomic structure of the U.S. population? a. The lower class is shrinking. b. The middle class is shrinking. c. The upper class is shrinking. d. The gap between the lower and upper classes is shrinking.
b. The middle class is shrinking.
In the case of Pottinger v. City of Miami (1992), a U.S. District Court found the practice of ________________ unconstitutional. a. removing park benches b. bum sweeps c. panhandling d. loitering
b. bum sweeps
A process involving a computer-aided dispatch system in which nonemergency, lower-priority calls are ranked so the higher-priority calls are continually dispatched first is called a. call reduction. b. call stacking. c. call management. d. calls for service.
b. call stacking.
When several agencies come together and share resources, this is an example of a. stakeholders. b. collaboration. c. community involvement. d. nice neighbor process
b. collaboration.
Two critical barriers to communication in a diverse society are language barriers and a. religious barriers. b. cultural barriers. c. racial barriers. d. physical barriers.
b. cultural barriers.
The formation of communities such as Chinatowns, Little Italys, and Little Havanas is an example of a. assimilation. b. cultural pluralism. c. acculturation. d. racial profiling.
b. cultural pluralism.
Citizen police academies a. have decreased in popularity. b. educate the public about the nature of police work. c. have not been shown to change community attitudes. d. are having a major impact on police-community relationships.
b. educate the public about the nature of police work.
Police officers are most likely to obtain cooperation from citizens if they a. treat others with respect. b. engage in process-oriented policing. c. arrest the offender. d. follow up on reports taken.
b. engage in process-oriented policing.
A central goal of community policing and community partnership is a. supplementing auto patrol. b. establishing and maintaining mutual trust. c. providing community forums. d. adding mini-stations.
b. establishing and maintaining mutual trust.
. Italian American, African American, and Asian American are examples of what is sometimes known as the _____________ American. a. pluralistic b. hyphenated c. ethnocentric d. multicultural
b. hyphenated
Kinesics is useful in a. conveying professionalism nonverbally. b. interpreting body language. c. "softening" official language. d. All of the above
b. interpreting body language.
Community courts are _________________ courts that offer an immediate visible response to quality-of-life offences. a. restorative-focused b. neighborhood-focused c. offense-focused d. proactivly focused
b. neighborhood-focused
Deinstitutionalization refers to a. an inmate's release from prison. b. providing support services for the retarded or mentally ill in the community rather than in institutions. c. renaming establishments to eliminate "institution" from the name. d. making institutions more homelike for residents.
b. providing support services for the retarded or mentally ill in the community rather than in institutions.
The approach to justice that best recognizes the victim's needs is a. retributive. b. restorative. c. restitution. d. remittance.
b. restorative.
When prosecutors become involved in community policing, a. they become more focused on major crimes like murder and robbery. b. they get a different view of the kinds of things that devastate communities. c. they recognize the low priority of neighborhood stability issues. d. they have little personal contact with police officers.
b. they get a different view of the kinds of things that devastate communities.
In 2007, what percentage of 911 callers called for a nonemergency situation?
between 50 and 90%
Victims of ATM robberies are usually robbed
between midnight and 4 a.m
A hate crime is also called
bias crime
Five or more alcoholic drinks in a row during the previous 2 weeks is considered
binge drinking
Just being born a ______ and going to a school with high drug use were additional risk factors for
boys In addition, boys were more affected than girls by elementary school mobility.
According to the text, the central goal of community policing is
building trust
Name calling, fistfights, extortion, and sexual harassment are all types of
bullying
Effective community policing depends on optimizing positive contact between patrol -officers and community members. Patrol cars are one method. Which of the following is not a -supplemental method?
buses
Effective community policing depends on optimizing positive contact between patrol -officers and community members. Which of the following is not a -supplemental method?
buses
According to the text, what is the number identified by the Baltimore police for nonemergency calls? a. 911 b. 411 c. 311 d. 511
c. 311
The communication process involves all of the following except: a. A sender b. Feedback c. A portal d. A receiver
c. A portal
A partnership where a probation officer rides along with a patrol officer a. has been described as the perfect match. b. can result in a probationer's immediate arrest for a violation of probation. c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b
c. Both a and b
Core components of effective community partnerships are a. a shared vision and common goals. b. open communication. c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b
c. Both a and b
Which of the following statements is not true concerning attention deficit hyperactivity disorder? a. It is one of the most common disruptive behavior disorders in youths, with an estimated 5 to 10 percent of all children having it. b. It is characterized by fidgeting, distractibility, and lack of self-control. c. It affects more girls than boys. d. The condition often disappears by adulthood.
c. It affects more girls than boys.
________________ assumes that all people within a specific group are the same and that they lack individuality. a. Racism b. Cultural diversity c. Stereotyping d. Racial profiling
c. Stereotyping
Community prosecutors tend to focus on which type of crime? a. Murder b. Rape c. Street-level drug dealing d. Burglary
c. Street-level drug dealing
Dealing with the homeless is challenging for the police because a. homeless people seldom break the law and are, therefore, not a police problem. b. other resources (detox centers, crisis units, etc.) rigorously compete to provide services. c. being homeless is not a crime. d. most homeless people are alcoholics, drug addicts, or otherwise prone to violence
c. being homeless is not a crime.
According to the text, a temporary breakdown in coping skills by a person who is not mentally ill is known as a. strange behavior. b. event behavior. c. crisis behavior. d. disorderly behavior.
c. crisis behavior.
Preference for one's own way of life over all others is known as a. assimilation. b. acculturation. c. ethnocentrism. d. cultural pluralism.
c. ethnocentrism.
A person who has a temporary breakdown in coping skills is a. mentally ill. b. mentally retarded. c. in crisis behavior. d. contemplating suicide.
c. in crisis behavior.
Outsourcing of police work is usually found a. in large communities. b. where there is a good relationship between agencies. c. in small departments. d. None of the above
c. in small departments.
The use of ___________, the technical language of a profession, is a barrier to communication. a. 10 codes b. terms c. jargon d. feedback
c. jargon
The disabilities that police officers encounter the most frequently are a. touch impairment. b. kinesics impairment. c. mobility impairment. d. taste impairment.
c. mobility impairment.
Traditional policing expected community members to remain in the background. That meant most citizen-police interactions were a)negligible contacts. b)negative contacts. c)negotiated contacts. d)necessary contacts.
c. negotiated contacts.
Community courts a. address the same kinds of problems as other courts. b. are designed to address the most serious crimes. c. usually address a wide range of offenses involving quality of life. d. are an historical alternative to the traditional courtroom.
c. usually address a wide range of offenses involving quality of life.
Generally, the criminal justice system is focused on the criminal and felt to ignore a. society. b. the community. c. victims. d. the offender's family.
c. victims.
A process involving a computer-aided dispatch system in which nonemergency, -lower--priority calls are ranked so the higher-priority calls are continually dispatched first is called:
call stacking
According to the text, ________________ is a process performed by a computer-aided dispatch system in which nonemergency or lower priority calls are ranked.
call stacking
Call management usually involves
call stacking. A computer-aided dispatch system is used to rank calls.
A process involving a computer-aided dispatch system in which nonemergency, -lower--priority calls are ranked so the higher-priority calls are continually dispatched first is called:
callstacking
Lazy speech
can be corrected
Intercultural distortion of words
can cause great harm
Distortion
can occur at any stage
The Kops 'n' Kids program, endorsed by the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP), brings together
children and officers to have fun rather than to deliver anti drug or anticrime speeches. Officers come with their motorcycles and their K-9's for demonstrations; they share lunch; they form running clubs; they do whatever helps present police as positive role models and build trust with the children.
The Safe Start National Resource Center helps support those working with
children exposed to violence.
In addition to call management, many departments are finding they can improve citizens' participation in community policing and build trust through _______________.
citizen police academies
Harry, a civilian, enrolled in a course where he learned how the police department in his city works. He was given the opportunity of going for a jail tour and a ride along with sworn police officers. Harry most probably enrolled in the city's ________.
citizen police academy
Focusing only on those living around at-risk places rather than an entire neighborhood is called
cocoon neighborhood watch
Partnerships are often referred to as _______________.
collaboration
When several agencies come together and share resources, this is an example of
collaboration
When several agencies come together and share resources, this is an example of:
collaboration
Resistance to change is
common
Conflicting interests may impede establishing a __________ and shared goals
common vision
Forman (2004, 2) contends that
community policing has not reached its full potential because a critical group - youths and young adults - has largely been left out of the policing model: "Leaving young people out of the model of community policing has tremendous implications. Public safety turns, to a great extent, on what the young do and what is done to them. This is the group most likely to engage in criminal conduct, to be victims of crime, and to be targeted by police"
The family is viewed by many as the cornerstone of the
community.
What officers may consider sensationalism, reporters might consider the
competitive edge.
The _______________ system allows nonemergency, lower-priority calls to be ranked and stacked so higherpriority calls can be dispatched first.
computer-aided dispatch
The investigators of New York City Sheriff's Office are investigating a homicide. The crime scene is rich with evidence, including blood spatters and footprints. The investigators collect data from the scene and use a computer to create a three-dimensional image of the crime scene, which can later be used by the jurors if the case makes it to trial. In this scenario, the investigators are using ________.
computer-aided drafting
Media stories often
confuse the public.
Some have expressed concern that the detailed and sensationalist media coverage following mass shootings and other terroristic events might feed a vicious cycle of
copycat effects.
The third component of the criminal justice system, __________________, also is an often overlooked partner in the community policing effort
corrections
The third component of the criminal justice system, __________________, also is an often overlooked partner in the community policing effort.
corrections
The third component of the criminal justice system,
corrections, also is an often overlooked partner in the community policing effort.
Administrators know that crime and police activities are
covered by the media regardless of whether the police provide reporters with information.
The term ___________________ is sometimes used to refer to children exposed to cocaine while in the womb. They may exhibit social, emotional, and cognitive problems.
crack children
The beat for which a patrol officer is given responsibility should be a. large and well-defined geographically. b. small and rotated periodically. c. large and rotated periodically. d. small and well-defined geographically.
d. small and well-defined geographically.
In fact, some of these shows go beyond just reporting what the police are doing and actually get involved as
crime-fighting extensions of law enforcement, engaging the television-viewing public by reenacting crime events and displaying suspects' faces on millions of screens across the world
The Sixth Amendment mentions
criminal trials.
___________________ results when a person who is not mentally ill has a temporary breakdown in coping skills
crisis behavior
Language and cultural (Failure to listen is the most common and most serious barrier)
critical barriers to communication;
An alternative to assimilation is ___________________ with diverse cultures peacefully coexisting.
cultural pluralism
Exposure to multiple risk factors can have a
cumulative effect, and the relative impact any risk factor has on a child may be either augmented or diminished by the developmental state of that child. Conversely, the existence of certain protective factors can work to offset the risk factors
The fact that violent or sexual victimization of children can often lead to their becoming perpetrators as adults is called the
cycle of violence
According to the text, reasons victims give for not reporting a crime to the police include a. the belief that the police will be unable to do anything. b. fear that they won't be believed. c. fear of reprisal and threats. d. All of the above
d. All of the above
According to the text, some call-management strategies include a. using an officer to take telephone reports of nonemergency, low-priority calls. b. taking reports by appointment. c. having civilians handle certain calls. d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Epileptic seizure symptoms may include a. stiffening, jerking motions. b. garbled, incoherent speech. c. glassy-eyed staring and aimless wandering. d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Learning disabilities affect 5-10 million children in the United States. Some of the most common characteristics are a. poor memory and difficulty following directions. b. eye-hand coordination problems. c. poor reading ability leading to the label of "underachiever." d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Police officers who learn to "read" the nonverbal messages and body language of suspects, victims, and witnesses a. are said to have developed a sixth sense. b. often say they have a "gut feeling." c. sometimes describe it as a nagging suspicion. d. All of the above
d. All of the above
Problems associated with homeless persons include a. homeless camps. b. public intoxication. c. abuse. d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The communication process involves a. a sender. b. a message. c. a receiver. d. All of the above
d. All of the above
The amount of eye contact while speaking varies in the United States. According to the text, which ethnic group maintains the lowest eye contact while speaking? a. Caucasian b. African Americans c. Hispanic d. Asian
d. Asian
All of the following are benefits of partnerships with the community except: a. A sense of accomplishment b. Gaining recognition and trust c. Meeting community members d. Enhanced officer response to calls for service
d. Enhanced officer response to calls for service
The CIT model combines police officers with what other professionals? a. Doctors b. Nurses c. University professors d. Mental health professionals
d. Mental health professionals
According to the text, important individual characteristics in communication include all of the following except: a. Age b. Self-esteem c. Language skills d. Moral
d. Moral
Tactical civility as taught by the Verbal Judo Institute stressed that officers cannot afford to show a. politeness. b. professionalism. c. tactical verbal skills. d. a display of anger.
d. a display of anger.
Of the items listed below, which is not a common communication barrier? a. Lack of time b. Failure to listen c. Lack of feedback d. avoidance of the use of jargon
d. avoidance of the use of jargon
Effective community policing depends on optimizing positive contact between patrol officers and community members. Patrol cars are one method. Which of the following is not a supplemental method? a)scooters b)bicycles c)foot d)buses
d. buses
The third component of the criminal justice system, __________________, also is an often overlooked partner in the community policing effort. a. judges b. dispatch c. court records d. corrections
d. corrections
Things such as nodding, pointing a finger, and shrugging are examples of a. verbal communication. b. effective communication. c. good communication traits. d. gestures in communication
d. gestures in communication
The symptoms of Alzheimer's disease tend to mimic a. depression. b. anxiety. c. bi-polar disease. d. intoxication.
d. intoxication.
Many police officers, in addition to understanding nonverbal messages, also develop an ability to interpret body language, also called a. body mapping. b. nonverbal reads. c. seventh sense. d. kinesics.
d. kinesics.
When police departments use volunteers, ________________ make excellent volunteers. a. individuals wishing to become law enforcement officers b. persons who are retired from law enforcement c. young persons d. older persons
d. older persons
Restorative justice holds that stakeholders share responsibility for achieving justice through a. accountability. b. reciprocity. c. objectivity. d. partnerships.
d. partnerships.
All too often, policing becomes a
disruptive influence for the family
Citizen police academies
educate the public about the nature of police work.
Citizen police academies:
educate the public about the nature of police work.
Speed display boards and volunteer monitors are examples of
enforcement responses.
Warning signs and awareness campaigns are examples of
engineering responses.
All of the following are benefits of partnerships with the community except
enhanced officer response to calls for service.
All of the following are benefits of partnerships with the community except:
enhanced officer response to calls for service.
A central goal of community policing and community partnership is
establishing and maintaining mutual trust.
A central goal of community policing and community partnership is:
establishing and maintaining mutual trust.
Effects of meth use do not include
excessive obedience
Our society equates fast speech with
excitement
A conditional threat is the type of threat often seen in
extortion cases. It warns that a violent act will happen unless certain demands or terms are met: :If you don't pay me one million dollars, i will place a bomb in the school."
The movement toward community-based corrections has been growing steadily since the 1970's, when states,
facing overcrowded correctional facilities strained beyond their intended capacities, began passing community corrections acts as ways to divert nonviolent, first-time offenders from the traditional path of incarceration.
The Sixth Amendment guarantees suspects the right to a
fair trial and protects defendants' rights. In addition to ensuring these rights, officers are also responsible for investigating the crimes.
Although community partnerships are important for police agencies serious about -community policing, community policing can succeed without them
false
Traditional shift and beat rotation work to build partnerships with the community.
false
Delinquency is highest when
family interaction and controls are weak
The leading known cause of mental retardation in the Western world, __________________, includes effects such as impulsivity, inability to predict consequences or to use appropriate judgment in daily life, poor communication skills, high levels of activity, and distractibility in small children and frustration and depression in adolescents.
fetal alcohol syndrome
The earliest patrol method used in America's early cities was
foot patrol
In the rape category, the FBI documents only
forcible rape of female victims
To counteract negative perceptions of police held by children and youths, many departments have programs aimed at
fostering positive relations with them.
According to The Virginia Youth Violence Project, student bullying is one of the most
frequently reported discipline problems in schools with 26% of elementary schools, 43% middle schools and 25% high schools reporting problems with bullying.
Overall, how do police officers feel about their pay?
frustrated at not being paid what they feel they are worth
An agency located in Indiana serves as a bidirectional means of information sharing among the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Department of Homeland Security, and various police departments of the state. The agency is funded by federal as well as state tax dollars. It houses agents and intelligence officers from varying agencies who all collaborate in the sharing of information related to potential threats of terrorism. The agency is most likely a ________.
fusion center
The purpose of surveillance is to
gather information
OMGs are not known for
genocide
Having low self-esteem and living in a poor neighborhood were additional risk factors for
girls
The police and members of the media share the common
goal of serving the public.
Unauthorized writing or drawing on public surfaces is
graffiti
Agencies and officers who deceive the media are at
great risk of losing public confidence.
A workshop held to bring law enforcement and media personnel together to air
grievances, discuss issues of common concern, and generally get to know one another better so that the two groups could work more effectively together revealed their different perspectives.
Conflict can stimulate people to
grow and change.
A law enforcement strategy whereby local police direct intensive patrols to specific geographic areas with high rates of gun-related incidents of violence is
gun interdiction
Effective gun control strategies do not focus on
gun possession sentencing laws
In addition, the Office of Victims of Crime (OVC)
has created a new online Directory of Crime Victim Services, which links crime victims and victim service providers to contact information for assistance 24/7. Searchable by location, type of victimization, agency type, and available services, OVC's online directory is becoming the best resource for finding crime victim assistance.
A criminal offense against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender's bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin, or sexual orientation is
hate crime
Conflict need not be dysfunctional. In fact,
healthy conflict between the media and the police is necessary and beneficial.
The "tell or tattle" dilemma occurs when students
hesitate to tell anyone that they are being bullied because it is seen as tattling - something they have been taught not to do.
The TNT program trains
high school students and young adults to be Peer Educators, whose role it is to present interactive violence prevention workshops to middle and high school students and to work with community leaders and policy makers to develop solutions to violence. Some of the Peer Educators have suffered serious physical injury and are in wheelchairs from being shot, and most have firsthand experience with violence. Results presented on the TNT Website speak to the program's success
The media also usually work under extreme time pressure and under the public eye. Seldom do journalists bungle a story intentionally. They are often uninformed about
how their reporting may affect a case and are often also under extreme pressure to get the story submitted before a deadline.
Whistle Stop programs involve the modern version of
hue and cry
Americans worry most about
identity theft
Jargon probably
impedes communication
Improved media relations lead to
improving community relations.
The Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution establishes that
in all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed.
Meanings are
in people
Outsourcing of police work is usually found:
in small departments
poverty syndrome
includes inadequate housing, education and jobs and a resentment of those who control the social system. Immigrant and certain races and ethnic groups often linked to this.
The proliferation of cybercrime and the need for specialized knowledge for crime investigation is driving the trend toward
increased used of private policing.
Traditional responses to preventing street prostitution have been
ineffective
A school should be viewed as a community, not as an
institution
School resource officers (SROs) function as an
integral connection between the school and the community.
Leakage occurs when a student
intentionally or unintentionally reveals clues to feelings, thoughts, fantasies, attitudes, or intentions that may signal an impending violent act.
if working at police department have internal and external customers
internal: co-workers, those who work with us external: citizens and other agencies
Violence that occurs between two people in a close relationship is called
intimate partner violence
nonverbal communication
involves all of the methods of communication that we use that do not include words. Tone, pitch, and pacing
Communication
is a process
Police are more likely to
isolate themselves
What do police administrators frequently report about police officers and alcohol?
it is a severe problem with officers
The use of ___________________, technical language of a profession, can be a barrier to communication.
jargon
Call management calls are prioritized based on the department's
judgment about the emergency nature of the call (e.g., imminent harm to a person or a crime in progress), response time, need for backup, and other local factors.
According to the text, a good way to build relationships and trust within communities is
keep officers in the same beat and on the same shift.
According to the text, a good way to build relationships and trust within communities is:
keep officers in the same beat and on the same shift.
What are two critical barriers to communication in a diverse society?
language and cultural barriers
Beat officers know the community
leaders, businesspeople, school personnel, and students
Most academies include
lectures, demonstrations, a ride-along with an officer, and an opportunity for participants to try their hand at some police technical skills.
The media have been aided in their quest for newsworthy information through the passage of some
legislation, including the Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), which established the presumption that the records of the agencies and departments of the US government are accessible to the people. The "need to know" standard has been replaced by a "right to know" standard, with the government having to justify keeping certain records secret. Exceptions include when the national security is involved, if an investigation's integrity might be compromised, or when the privacy rights of individuals might be violated.
Which means of deterring crime has been around since ancient times?
lighting
The brief amnesia that may accompany a traumatic situation is
little understood
In many American families, the traditional bonds of discipline and respect between parent and child have
loosened
In many American families, the traditional bonds of discipline and respect between partner and child have
loosened considerably, if not unraveled completely.
Although many media professionals do respect "off the record" information, they
may misquote, which can cause significant problems and additional conflict. Law enforcement agencies should also be aware that the media may sometimes distort information received from the police department for a political purpose.
Communication is effective only when
messages are mutually understood
Most identity theft cases involved
misuse of an existing account
A gang member's nickname is called her
moniker
The emphasis devoted to each duty varies considerably from school to school. Often efforts start with a focus on law enforcement but evolve into a
more balanced approach. In a teaching capacity, an SRO can educate students about their legal rights and responsibilities. They can also assist in efforts to teach conflict management and peer mediation skills.
Community members' concerns are often not
murder or robbery but the types of things that contribute to neighborhood decline and feat of crime, such as abandoned buildings, heavy neighborhood traffic, or street-drug dealing.
Bullying is
name calling, fistfights, purposeful ostracism, extortion, character assassination, repeated physical attacks, and sexual harassment; also called "peer child abuse" Its been a common behavior in schools since they first opened their doors. It's occurrence is often taken lightly, with the belief that "kids will be kids"
How many Americans report being victims of workplace violence each year?
nearly 2 million
Traditional policing expected community members to remain in the background. That meant most citizen-police interactions were
negative contacts
Traditional policing expected community members to remain in the background. That meant most citizen-police interactions were:
negotiated contacts.
Community courts are _________________ courts that offer an immediate visible response to quality-of-life offences.
neighborhood-focused
A police officer is
never off duty
As community policing evolves
new collaborations continue to emerge. Including the prosecutor as a partner is one collaboration gaining popularity, and for good reasons.
Police may need to withhold information from the media until
next of kin are notified, in the interest of public safety or to protect the integrity of an investigations.
Communication has
no beginning or end
Call stacking is a process performed by a computer-aided dispatch system in which
nonemergency, lower-priority calls are ranked and held or "stacked" so the higher priorities are continually dispatched first.
Mothers Against Drunk Driving is a
nonprofit organization.
Most police chases are initiated in response to
nonviolent crime.
To speak to a reporter "off the record" does not guarantee the information will
not be reported.It may, in fact, make it more likely to be reported. Because different reporters have different definitions of what it means to speak "off the record," an officer faced with such a situation should first ask the reporter, "what do you mean by that?" In some cases, reporters promise to keep information "off the record" when they have no authority to do so.
Conflict between the police and the media is necessary because each must remain
objective and able to constructively criticize the other when needed.
Research has shown that the use of profanity by police officers
occurs almost exclusively with powerless groups in our society
assimilation
occurs when a society takes in or assimilates various other cultures to become a "melting pot". Also called acculturation Assimilation theorists suggest that our society takes in (assimilates) various cultures into our "melting pot), but assimilation does not always occur.
Public Information Officer (PIO) is an
officer trained in public relations and assigned to disseminate information to the media, thereby providing accurate, consistent information while controlling leaks of confidential or inaccurate information and managing controversial or negative situations to the department's benefit.
When police departments use volunteers, ________________ make excellent volunteers
older persons
When police departments use volunteers, ________________ make excellent volunteers.
older persons
Building trust will not happen overnight; it will require
ongoing effort.
The media can be a powerful or formidable
opponent in implementing the community policing philosophy.
Changes to make crime more difficult, risky, less rewarding, or less excusable are referring to as
opportunity blocking
A law enforcement strategy to address the gang problem that includes special police units and crisis programs is
organized development
Socialization theory holds that police behavior is learned from
other police officers
Perp walks, another once-common police practice where suspects were
paraded before the hungry eyes of the media, have also fallen on shaky legal ground. Although the public likes to see the "bad guys" apprehended and facing trial, if the perp walk is conducted before the trial, what happens to a core principle of the criminal justice system that a defendant is innocent until proven guilty?
Perp walk is the police practice of
parading suspects before the media, often simply for the publicity provided by news media coverage.
According to the text, key collaborators include all of the following except:
parks employees
Symbolic communication occurs at a
passive level
Bullying is also called
peer abuse
The value of CCTV is limited by
police response time.
To improve a police-media relations, journalists should be informed of a department's
policies and procedures regarding the media and crime scenes. Officers should avoid police jargon and technical terminology and respect reporters' deadlines by releasing information in a timely manner so the news media has a chance to fully understand the situations.
Experiencing multiple forms of victimization is called
polyvictimization
According to the text, concerns about using volunteers in police departments include
possible access to confidential material.
Victims often suffer from ___________________, a persistent reexperiencing of a traumatic event through intrusive memories, dreams, and a variety of anxiety-related symptoms.
posttraumatic stress disorder
The final prong in effective security is
preparation - planning and practice. A crisis preparedness team might be formed to look at what technologies are available and the procedures that should be followed in a crisis.
Beats should be configured in a manner that
preserves, as much as possible, the unique geographical and social characteristics of neighborhoods while still allowing efficient service.
Officer Howard is patrolling a wealthy neighborhood when he sees an old battered car being driven by a disheveled driver. He gets suspicious about the man and then notices that the taillights of the car are broken. He uses the broken taillights as an excuse to stop the driver and sees a large amount of marijuana in the car. He arrests the driver for possession of illegal drugs. This is an example of a ________.
pretext stop
The Safe Start Initiative, funded by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinqueny Prevention (OJJDP), was developed to
prevent and reduce the impact of family and community violence on young children (primarily from birth to age 6) and their families in response to emerging statistics and research on the prevalence and effects of children's exposure of violence.
According to the text, dimensions of trust are
priorities, competency, dependability, and respect.
According to the text, dimensions of trust are:
priorities, competency, dependability, and respect.
A self-perpetuating criminal organization that originates in the penal system and continues to operate outside of it is called a
prison gang
A method of internal analysis that takes a horizontal view of system and involves personnel at all levels is
process mapping
General policies, protocols, and recommendations for media relations are presented for police departments on how to be
professional when interviewed, whether police should ever lie to the media, the role of "public information officer (POS)" and how departments commonly address photographing and videotaping at crime scenes. Then suggestions for improving media relations and specific strategies for developing positive relationships with the media are discussed.
Lying to the media is always a bad idea, as is making
promises that you cannot keep or misleading reporters. Such actions usually haunt the individual officer or the agency in the form of negative press or lack of media cooperation when the police need help. It is better to honor commitments to the media and be straightforward when information is to be released.
A condition, characteristic, or variable that increases the likelihood that a child will avoid delinquency; often the opposite of a risk factor is a
protective factor
A condition, characteristics, or variable that increases the likelihood that a child will avoid delinquency is called a
protective factor
Since 911, law enforcement and private security organizations have been under pressure to not only
provide traditional services but also to contribute to the national effort to protect the homeland from internal and external threats
A multiagency law enforcement team imposing all available sanctions on gang members who violate established standards for behavior is
pulling levers
Assessments that are more descriptive and less statistical than empirical studies are
qualitative evaluations.
Community prosecution focuses not on specific cases but on community issues and -problems, often focusing on:
quality of life issues
Using certain extralegal racial characteristics, such as skin color, as indicators of criminal activity is ___________________
racial profiling
When police use certain racial characteristics, such as skin color, as indicators of criminal activity, the practice is commonly referred to as _________________.
racial profiling
The Virginia Youth Violence Project reports that bullying seems to have increased in
recent years, although it is not clear if the increase reflects more bullying incidents or perhaps greater awareness of bullying as a problem.
Under community policing, appropriate government departments and agencies are called on and
recognized for their abilities to respond to and address crime and social disorder issues.
The goal of community policing is to
reduce crime and disorder by carefully examining the characteristics of problems in neighborhood and then applying appropriate problem-solving remedies.
Journalists are sometimes criticized for giving fame to infamous criminals, while victims
remain overlooked and obscure.
Most low-priority calls such as
reports of larceny, parking violations, and loud noise complaints have moved from 911 to 311.
creativity and flexibility, imagination and intelligence
skills needed by officers in a problem-oriented police environment are:
Preventing witness intimidation
requires multiagency partnerships
Communicating effectively
requires ongoing efforts to sharpen skills
Baltimore has implemented a 311 nonemergency call system to reduce
response burden on police and improve the quality of policing
The First Amendment to the US Constitution guarantees the public's
right to know-that is, freedom of the press.
A condition, characteristic, or variable hat increases the likelihood that a child will become delinquent is a
risk factor
Traditional shift and beat
rotation works to the detriment of building partnerships.
Blame, outrage, or fear in a family, group of friends, or a community is called
second victimization
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) protects the privacy rights of some people, such as
sex crime victims. However, amid the shock and confusion that often occur immediately after a crime, victims may easily be caught off guard by aggressive media personnel and may unwittingly put themselves of the investigation at risk by agreeing to an interview.
Police departments and individual officers need the media. The media can
shape public opinion, and most police agencies are concerned about their public image.
Conflict between the media and the police does not arise from
shared objectives.
Criticisms of the partnerships in community policing usually center on time and money.
true
As a police chief looking at crime in your area, you want to focus your department's limited resources on locations that you feel your efforts will prove to be most successful. Making use of gathered intelligence, you pick four well-known drug areas to assign larger and better-trained squads to. This is known as ________.
strategic targeting
Weapons buyers fronting for people linked to illegal gun trafficking are called
straw purchasers
A group of people whose allegiance is based on social needs, who have an identifiable leadership, who claim control over a specific territory in the community, and who engage in acts injurious to the public is a
street gang
A veiled threat is one that
strongly implies but does not explicitly threaten violence. "We would be better off without you around anymore" clearly hints at a possible violent act, but leaves it to the potential victim to interpret the message and give a definite meaning to the threat.
Illegal trafficking in firearms is a problem of
supply and demand
A strategy to address the gang problem that includes tactics such as prevention, arrest, and imprisonment is
suppression
The expanding responsibilities of private security include
surveillance, investigation, crowd control, prison escorts, court security, guarding and patrolling, proactive crime prevention, risk management and insurance assessment, weapons training, crime scene examination, and forensic evidence gathering.
The police and the media share a
symbiotic relationships, they are mutually dependent on each other.
When using call management or call reduction, departments
take a fresh look at which calls for service require response of one or more officers and regardless of past practice, which do not.
Community prosecution philosophy calls on prosecutors to:
take a proactive approach
Intrapersonal communication
takes place within the person
Bullying is greatly underreported for many reasons, including the fact that most children and adults view reporting as
tattling. Other reasons for underreporting include feelings of shame, fear of retaliation, and youngsters' belief that adults will not intervene even if they report the bullying. In that belief they are often right.
At a minimum schools need to link with parents and with local law enforcement departments to
teach students about the dangers of crime
According to Lawrence W. Sherman, " the basic premise of evidence-based practice is ____________.
that we are all entitled to our own opinions but not to our own facts
A pilot initiative that emphasizes the importance of developing collaborative relationships between law enforcement and mental health communities is
the CD-CP model
A phenomenon created when the viewing public believes that every police force has access to high-tech crime solving gadgets is
the CSI effect.
Among organized crime groups, human sex trafficking comprises
the fastest-growing business
fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
the leading known cause of mental retardation in the Western world; effects include impulsivity, in ability to predict consequences or to use appropriate judgment in daily life, poor communication skills, high levels of activity, distractibility in small children, and frustration and depression in adolescents.
A citizens police academy educates the public about
the nature of police work and encourages public involvement in crime prevention and problem-solving efforts, making citizens more effective partners in community policing.
The theory that the media have the power to influence the operations to influence the operations of the criminal justice system is called
the news media echo effect
The majority of 911 calls are directed to
the police
ethnocentrism
the preference for one's own way of life over all others. Ethnocentricity and segregation are consequences of a desire to avoid uncomfortable uncertainty. Comparing other cultures to our own, and ours is always best.
One are of contention between the two groups, however, was when
the public has the right to know, with the police commonly expressing that they were more interested in doing their job than in giving the media a story.
Indeed, the popularity of television shows where camera crews ride along with officers as they patrol the community and respond to calls is evidence of
the public's fascination with such activities.
Assimilation
the social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another. "Melting pot" or acculturation. (Example: Pennsylvania Dutch)
Community partnerships usually result in a more effective solution to a problem because of sharing responsibilities, resources, and goals.
true
jargon
the technical language of a profession. This is another barrier to communication, and officers should avoid using such terms when talking with the public.
Some police departments feel comfortable allowing any member to talk to the media and provide information. However,
the trend, in particularly for larger departments, is to designate a "public information officer PIO" to communicate with the media.
Animal abuse is not often found in the background of
theft perpetrators
A major theme among media participants was
their need to get information from law enforcement "in a timely manner" to keep the public informed, as the public has a right to know.
When prosecutors become involved in community policing
they get a different view of the kinds of things that devastate communities.
When prosecutors become involved in community policing:
they get a different view of the kinds of things that devastate communities.
What did a study about female officers conducted by the University of Buffalo indicate?
they were under more stress
How many interpersonal channels or modes of communication are there?
three
Hot spots and hot times are identified ___________.
through crime mapping
According to the text, criticism of the partnerships in community policing usually centers on _______________ and _______________
time, money
Gangs use children
to commit shoplifting
Speed bumps and traffic circles are examples of
traffic calming devices
Traditionally, what has been an area of weakness within police organizations?
training
Inviting local newspaper and broadcast reporters to enroll in a citizens' police academy or participate in ride-along programs are
ways to improve relationships and enhance the media's understanding of what police work involves.
The community (beat) for which a patrol officer is given responsibility should be a small,
well-defined geographic area.
discrimination
when you put your prejudice into action prejudice is an attitude; discrimination is a behavior.
Video cameras connected to CCTV may be used as a tool for
wiretapping citizens.
Verbal communication refers almost totally to
words
Agencies that have common interests but work independently with no collaboration are said to be _____________________.
working in "silos"
Often known as ________________, local agencies and departments work quite i-ndependently of one another.
working in silos
Any act or threat or physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs at the work site is called
workplace violence
A juvenile clique within a gang is called a
youth gang
Rather than leaving young people out community policing effects
youth should be placed alongside other community members and officers in "trust-engendering deliberations regarding matters of community safety"
A policy of punishing all offenses severely, no matter how minor an offense may be, is called
zero tolerance