Systems
What takes place through the tissues of the alveoli?
Blood going to cells receives O2 Blood coming from the cells release CO2
The part of the nephron in the kidney that receives the wastes from the blood in the glomerulus.
Bowman's capsule
A body system consists of:
a group of organs which perform a common function
The cavity that lies between the thorax and the pelvis
abdominal cavity
Taking in nutrients through the small intestine
absorption
The process of food entering the blood stream is called
absorption
Air entering the lungs terminates in the:
alveoli
Tiny sacs within the lungs which increase the surface available for gas exchange
alveoli
An irritation of the stomach lining results in
an ulcer
A substance that stimulates the production of an antibody
antigen
The lower opening of the intestinal tract
anus
A small organ called the _________ is positioned between the large and small intestine.
appendix
A worm-like organ attached to the junction of the small and large intestine.
appendix
Intestinal gurgling sounds
borborygmi
The two tubes into which the trachea divide to go into each lung
bronchi
Smaller branches of the bronchi within the lungs
bronchial tube
A very tiny tube that dead ends in an alveolus within the lungs
bronchiole
The diffusion of food molecules from the digestive tract into the blood ___________ occurs at the blood __________.
capillaries villi
mouth and small intestines digest
carbohydrates
What is the function of bile?
causes fats to dissolve in water
A major cause of emphysema as stated in the text is:
cigarette smoking
Short filaments which wave in a coordinated fashion to move mucus
cilia
The outer part of an organ, like the adrenal gland, cerebrum, or kidney
cortex
Reduction of gas diffusion as a result of __________ alveolar surface area is a medical condition known as emphysema.
decreased
Significant loss of body water
dehydration
Artificial filtration of the blood is called
dialysis
The process of artificially filtering wastes from blood
dialysis
The muscle tissue assemblage which permits expansion of the lungs is called the
diaphragm
The disassembly of food inside an organism is called:
digestion
The first piece of the small bowel, into which empties the bile and pancreatic juices
duodenum
Pertaining to hormones
endocrine
A protein that induces chemical changes in other substances
enzyme
saliva contains an _______ which accelerates the digestion of _____
enzyme starches
An elastic cartilage located at the root of the tongue that folds over the windpipe to prevent food from entering during swallowing
epiglottis
The tissue which diverts food from the trachea upon swallowing is the
epiglottis
The passage of waste material out of the body
excretion
The primary organ responsible for eliminating liquid waste is the:
excretory system
Air entering the lungs is filtered through the pharynx.
false
Air enters the lungs through the esophagus.
false
Digestion starts in the stomach.
false
External respiration includes expelling CO2 from the cells.
false
Food moves from the mouth to the stomach through the long tube called the trachea.
false
The lungs contain elastic muscle tissue to permit inhalation.
false
The urethra connects the kidneys to the bladder.
false
small intestine digest
fats
Solid waste from the large bowel
feces
The process of blood_____________ takes place in the Bowmans Capsule of the nephron.
filtration
The process the kidneys perform to remove waste from the blood.
filtration
_____ can block the common bile duct.
gallstones
Tiny groups of blood capillaries and urinary tubes that filter blood
glomerulus
A chemical messenger produced in one part of the body which has its effect on another part such as insulin and corticoids.
hormone
Glucagon and insulin are two of the ________ produced by the pancreas to aid in digestion.
hormones
The primary digestive substance in the stomach is
hydrochloric acid
The distal half of the small bowel
ileum
A hormone secreted by the pancreas which lowers the level of the blood sugar.
insulin
Refers to the skin and its accessory structures
integument
Bacteria within the large intestine which help break down digested food material
intestinal flora
Food which enters the large intestine is broken down by:
intestinal flora
A condition resulting from bile in the blood, in which a patient's skin has a yellow color
jaundice
The middle part of the small bowel
jejunum
Most absorption of water occurs in the:
large intestine
The "voice box" in the neck, which contains the vocal cords
larynx
Which organ produces bile?
liver
The common bile duct receives secretions from the:
liver gall blader pancreas
A descending and ascending limb of the kidney tubules
loop of Henle
The innermost layer of a body organ like the kidney or adrenal gland
medulla
The sum of all body chemistry
metabolism
An inflammable gas produced by bacteria in the large bowel
methane
The functioning unit of the kidney that produces urine
nephron
An organ just beneath the stomach that produces digestive enzymes and insulin
pancreas
The back part of the mouth and nasal cavity
pharynx
The study of the function of living organisms
physiology
What is starch?
polymer of sugar
stomach and small intestine digest
proteins
The valve at the lower end of the stomach
pylorus
Blood circulating through the kidneys will __________ water and important materials as it flows through the
reabsorb tubules
The lower part of the large intestine is called the
rectum
What is the function of the cilia?
remove particles which have entered the lungs and stuck to the bronchial mucus
Arteries taking blood into the kidneys
renal artery
The exchange and chemical conversion of gases between your body and the environment
respiration
The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body is accomplished by the _______ system.
respiratory
Structures in the head and neck that secrete saliva
salivary glands
Most absorption of food occurs in the:
small intestine
The breakdown of food into molecules small enough to enter the blood stream is primarily accomplished by the:
small intestine
The liver and pancreas are connected to the:
small intestine
The excretory system is involved with eliminating:
solid, liquid, and gas waste
What is the function of the gall bladder?
stores bile
A substance that lines alveoli and prevents them from collapsing
surfactant
The windpipe is a common term for the
trachea
The ultimate purpose of the digestive system is to:
transform nutrients so that they can be absorbed into the blood
It is possible to live without a gall bladder.
true
The absorption of oxygen into individual cells is part of respiration.
true
The lungs eliminate CO2 gas from the body.
true
The tube connecting the kidney to the urinary bladder
ureter
The tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside
urethra
A sac which temporarily stores urine until it is excreted
urinary bladder
A sac which temporarily stores urine until it is excreted.
urinary bladder
Liquid waste processed by the kidney is called
urine
What is found in the kidney pelvis?
urine
Jaundice is caused by blockage of liver bile and is exhibited by ________ skin.
yellow