Taylor's Sociology Final Exam Material - CH.14 Test Questions

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 6. Most students in U.S. public schools are taught to analyze both the strengths and weaknesses of the social systems. (Section 2B)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 7. Credentialism is the practice of requiring degrees for only those jobs in which the additional instruction is critical to job performance. (Section 2D)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 9. Harvard College was the first institution of higher learning that admitted and accepted both female and male students. (Section 3A)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). children. (Section 3A) ______ 23. Harvard University selects students on the basis of intelligence and achievement alone. (Section 6C)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 12. Compulsory public schooling was universally accepted from its inception. (Section 3A)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 13. The early Puritans in the United States established learning centers. (Section 3B)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 15. The mayors in their respective cities appoint most school boards in the U.S. (Section 5A)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 16. The majority of faculty in colleges and universities are now white females. (Section 5B)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 18. Most professionals agree that I.Q. tests measure innate intelligence. (Section 5D)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 20. "Christian schools" of the past two decades are the first to emphasize Christian tradition. (Section 6A)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 21. Preparatory schools were first founded in the middle 1900s in the United States. (Section 6B)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 22. "ABC" programs are pre-school initiates for children of the poor. (Section 6A)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 24. The National Commission of Education noted that public schools have an educational advantage over parochial schools. (Section 6A)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 3. Prolonged adolescence is a unique feature of pre-industrial societies. (Section 1B)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 4. Age segregation is a manifest educational function in the United States. (Section 1B)

F

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 5. A hidden curriculum justifies giving higher-status jobs to the children of the poor. (Section 2A)

F

Completion: Provide the word(s) that best completes the statement. 4. _______________ _______________ and others conducted a series of studies comparing the facilities of schools in black and white neighborhoods. (Section 8B)

James Coleman

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 1. Structural functionalists recognize the family as an important agency of education. (Section 1A)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 10. The University of Georgia is the oldest public university in the United States. (Section 3A)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 11. One function of compulsory public education has been to Americanize immigrant children. (Section 3A)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 14. The U.S. federal government passes many educational laws that supersede the laws of the local school boards. (Section 4A)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 17. In segregated school systems, students learn their place in the stratification system. (Section 5C)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 19. Parochial schools are the most common private schools in the United States. (Section 6A)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 2. The most obvious teaching in school is the teaching of skills. (Section 1A)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 25. To decentralize the bureaucracy means to put more decision-making processes in the local schools rather than in school boards. (Section 9B)

T

True/False: Record whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F). ______ 8. Conflict theorists believe that the group in power in order to legitimate their position runs the educational system. (Section 2A)

T

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 1. magnet schools (Section 9A) ______ 2. Voucher (Section 9C) ______ 3. Credentialism (Section 2D) ______ 4. prolonged adolescence (Section 1B) ______ 5. creating new knowledge (Section 1A) ______ 6. sponsored mobility (Section 10B) ______ 7. contest mobility (Section 10A) ______ 8. parochial schools (Section 6A) a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

a

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 12. The Puritan educational system was based on which of the following beliefs? a. Children were possessed by the devil, and needed religious training to overcome their evil nature. b. Children were innocent and needed protection from the adult realm of sin and worldliness. c. Children were controlled by instincts and biological drives and needed social instruction. d. Children were innately good and needed to experience a prolonged adolescence. (Section 3B)

a

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 14. Coleman concluded that differences in achievement were related to differences in ______. a. students' socioeconomic backgrounds b. quality of textbooks c. school facilities d. quality of school administration (Section 5C)

a

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 15. Magnet schools are those that do which of the following? a. They attract exceptional students. b. They are run by parent-controlled local school councils. c. They draw financial support from children with vouchers. d. They are run by selected universities. (Section 9A)

a

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 17. Sponsored mobility in education is found where? a. Japan and most European countries b. Thailand c. most countries south of the equator d. the United States (Section 10B)

a

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 19. In analyzing education and mobility, which of the following is true? a. Family background is more closely related to occupation than is level of education. b. There will never be an excess of college graduates in the United States. c. Today, few blue-collar jobs require a high school education. d. For the disadvantaged, increased education translates into increased earning power. (Section 11C)

a

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 2. The latent functions of education include which of the following? a. prolonging adolescence b. the creation and transmission of new knowledge c. the teaching of skills such as writing and reading d. selection of the most talented for advanced training and the professions (Section 1B)

a

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 5. Teaching values and norms necessary for maintaining the stratification system is part of the ______. a. hidden curriculum b. elite norms c. upper-class indoctrination d. functional theory of education (Section 2A)

a

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 1. magnet schools (Section 9A) CHOICES: a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

b

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 16. ______ is the system in which students must pass a qualifying exam to gain admittance to different types of high schools and colleges. a. Banning b. Contest mobility c. Mass expulsion d. Sponsored mobility (Section 10A)

b

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 18. The British have long had which form of educational system? a. compulsory public education system b. sponsored mobility system of education c. contest mobility system of education d. all of the above are characteristics of the British educational system (Section 10B)

b

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 20. Berg's "great training robbery" refers to which of the following? a. the fact that schools are overly expensive for the amount of training offered b. the low return on investments in education for the disadvantaged c. upper-class students' taking jobs usually held by lower-class students d. the extensive educational teacher-training programs (Section 11A)

b

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 8. That students in U.S. schools are rarely taught about the great philosophers who have criticized the U.S. economic and political systems is evidence of the following? a. Little is known about these subjects. b. Schools teach the values of the existing culture. c. Teachers are poorly trained and inadequately educated. d. The philosophers are wrong in their analysis. (Throughout chapter)

b

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 9. ______ is the practice of requiring degrees for most high paying jobs, even when the degrees do not necessarily signify skills necessary to do the jobs. a. Overeducation b. Credentialism c. Undereducation d. Elitism (Section 2D)

b

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 5. creating new knowledge (Section 1A) CHOICES: a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

c

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 1. Which of the following is not a manifest function of educational institutions? a. teaching skills b. transmitting new ideas and skills c. selecting and developing talented individuals d. creating new knowledge (Section 1A)

c

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 4. Conflict theorists contend that school systems are controlled by ______. a. parents b. school superintendents c. the elite d. politicians (Section 2A)

c

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 6. Which theory argues that education is a means by which the elite maintain their social position? a. functionalism b. exchange theory c. conflict theory d. symbolic interaction (Section 2A)

c

Completion: Provide the word(s) that best completes the statement. 3. Public-funded education that is mandatory for all children until a certain age is known as _______________ _______________ _______________. (Section 3A)

compulsory public education

Completion: Provide the word(s) that best completes the statement. 2. The practice of requiring degrees for jobs, whether or not the degrees actually teach necessary skills to complete the job, is _______________. (Section 2D)

credentialism

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 4. prolonged adolescence (Section 1B) CHOICES: a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

d

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 10. Harvard College was founded in 1636 to educate which of the following groups? a. sociologists, with an emphasis on explaining society b. architects, with an emphasis on designing buildings c. physicians, with an emphasis on preventive medicine d. ministers, with an emphasis on morals and ethics (Section 3A)

d

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 11. Which of the following is true of compulsory U.S. public education? a. It helped immigrant children assimilate into the mainstream culture. b. It was developed during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. c. It met with resistance from a variety of groups. d. All of the above (Section 3A)

d

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 13. Stratification in the United States school system is evident in which of the following? a. the composition of school boards b. the gender of elementary school teachers c. the gender of school administrators d. all of the above (Section 5 throughout)

d

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 3. Which of the following is not a latent function of education? a. age segregation b. baby-sitting service for parents c. prolonging adolescence d. creating new knowledge (Section 1B)

d

Multiple Choice: Choose the response that best answers each question or completes each statement. 7. According to conflict theorists, the American educational system perpetuates inequality by doing which the following? a. encouraging conformity to elitist customs and values b. selectively teaching certain topics and excluding others c. implementing the hidden curriculum d. all of the above (Section 2 throughout)

d

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 6. sponsored mobility (Section 10B) CHOICES: a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

e

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 7. contest mobility (Section 10A) CHOICES: a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

f

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 3. Credentialism (Section 2D) CHOICES: a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

g

Completion: Provide the word(s) that best completes the statement. 5. Berg calls the low return on educational investment the _______________ _______________. (Section 11A)

great training robbery

Matching: Choose the item in the second column that best describes each item in the first column. ______ 2. Voucher (Section 9C) CHOICES: a. schools run by a religious body or organization instead of the public b. schools with special program designed to attract exceptional students c. a manifest function of education d. a latent function of education e. a system involving the use of qualifying exams to enter certain schools f. the system of educational advancement found in the United States g. requiring degrees for jobs even when they may not be needed h. giving parents a choice of a private school by providing state funds to pay for the tuition

h

Completion: Provide the word(s) that best completes the statement. 1. The first college in the United States was founded to educate _______________. (Section 3A)

ministers