TEAS SCIENCE
Which of the following is the number of chromosomes found in a human cell?
46 (23 pairs)
Which of the following options represents the chromosomal composition of a normal human zygote?
46 chromosomes
An atom has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons. Which of the following is the atom's mass number?
7
Two pea plants that are heterozygous for seed color are crossed. Pea plants have seeds that are either green or yellow. Green seeds are dominant to yellow seeds Predict the percentage of their offspring that will have green seeds.
75%
A polysaccharide can be described as which of the following?
A carbohydrate that is made of many sugar molecules
Iron reacts with oxygen to form iron oxide, or rust. Which of the following describes the property of rust?
A chemical property
Which of the following instruments would most accurately measure 0.1 mL of a liquid?
A micropipette
Nucleus
A part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
Which of the following is the correct structure and function of the cell membrane?
A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins regulates molecules entering and leaving cytoplasm.
plasma membrane
A selectively-permeable phospholipid bilayer forming the boundary of the cells
The endocrine system is a collection of ductless glands that produce which of the following responses?
A slowly initiating but prolonged response on other body systems
Pancreatic secretions that aid in digestion of food are produced by which of the following types of cells?
Acinar cells
Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus that infects T cells?
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
What proteins are responsible for the contraction of a muscle?
Actin and myosin
Which of the following glands releases epinephrine during stress?
Adrenal glands
Cytoskeleton
Aids in the transferring of materials and movements of whole cells
Which of the following hormones is released in response to a drop in blood pressure?
Aldosterone
Which of the following monomers form enzymes?
Amino acids
Mammary glands are a modified type of which of the following glands?
Apocrine glands
Which of the following conditions causes a narrowing of airways in the respiratory system?
Asthma
Which of the following cell types is responsible for the production of soluble antibodies?
B-cell
Which of the following would result from a decrease in body temperature?
Blood vessels near the surface of the body would constrict.
Which of the following best describes the outcome if the kidneys stopped functioning?
Blood would fill with waste and the human body would not be able to maintain homeostasis.
Which of the following functions is an example of how the skeletal and neuromuscular system work together?
Body movement
In which of the following body structures are white blood cells produced?
Bone
Which of the following does not result from the production of luteinizing hormone (LH) in males?
Bone growth
Which of the following chemicals is a mineral that provides mechanical strength and is found in teeth and bones?
Calcium hydroxyapatite
Ca + H,SO, Which of the following statements correctly describes the product of the reaction above?
Calcium sulfate
Which of the following groups is synthesized from monosaccharides like glucose?
Carbohydrates
Which type of tissue would you find in the heart?
Cardiac muscles
Which of the following is considered a short bone?
Carpals and tarsals
Which of the following parts of the brain controls balance and equilibrium?
Cerebellum
Which of the following best describes the kind of message sent in the endocrine system?
Chemical signals that travel through the bloodstream
Which of the following terms refers to the partially digested food leaving the stomach?
Chyme
Which of the following produces progesterone to prepare the uterus for pregnancy?
Corpus luteum
Which of the following is a requirement in order to develop a sound conclusion?
Data that is collected from an experiment that includes a control
Which of the following is likely to occur after decreasing the pressure of a liquid?
Decrease in boiling point
Which of the following would slow down a reaction rate?
Decreasing the pressure
Which of the following is a type of specialized antigen-processing cell that activates T-cells of the immune system?
Dendritic cells
Which of the following layers of the skin contains hair follicles?
Dermis
Which of the following structures changes the volume of the lungs?
Diaphragm
In which of the following actions is the autonomic nervous system engaged?
Digestion
Demyelinization results in which of the following?
Disrupted propagation of an action potential along the axon of a nerve cell
Which of the relationship between a following best describes the chromosome and gene?
Each chromosome contains a specific number of genes.
Which of the following causes low lung compliance as a result of elastic lung tissue destruction?
Emphysema
Which of the following is the layer of skin that forms a protective, waterproof barrier?
Epidermis
Which of the following is where melanocytes are found?
Epidermis
Which of the following layers of the skin contains a layer of dead cells?
Epidermis
A cut reaches the sebaceous glands and hair follicles. This cut has reached which layer(s) of the skin?
Epidermis and dermis
Which of these structures diverts food into the esophagus, and prevents it from entering the lungs?
Epiglottis
Which is the location where fertilization typically takes place?
Fallopian tubes
Which of the following connects the ovaries to the uterus?
Fallopian tubes
Which of the following is the function of the lymph nodes in mammals?
Filter debris from intracellular spaces.
Which of the following is the name for a segment of DNA that codes for a protein?
Gene
Which of the following is classified as a carbohydrate?
Glycogen
Which of the following arteries directly supplies oxygenated blood to the reproductive system?
Gonadal artery
Which of the following is characteristic of a graph displaying the physical states of a substance under varying temperature and pressure?
Having temperature and pressure as its axes and is called a phase diagram
Which of the following organ systems is responsible for transporting nutrients, wastes, and other substances throughout the human body
Heterotrophic with a genome stored in DNA
Which of the following best describes non-Mendelian inheritance patterns?
Heterozygous monohybrid crosses result in a 3:1 ratio of dominant-to-recessive phenotypes
Which of the following describes the action of histamine as a response to a bee sting?
Histamine dilates blood vessels, which increases blood flow to the area.
A bacteria cell enters the body through a cut in the skin. Which of the following describes the immune response that would occur next?
Histamines are released.
Which of the following is an irregular bone of the throat that aids in tongue movement and swallowing?
Hyoid
Stores of subcutaneous fat can be found in which of the following layers of the skin in the human body?
Hypodermis
Which of the following parts of the endocrine system can be found in the brain?
Hypothalamus
Which of the following structures secretes releasing hormones?
Hypothalamus
Which of the following terms refers to the integration center between the endocrine and nervous systems?
Hypothalamus
Which of the following pairs of endocrine glands are linked by a venous blood portal system?
Hypothalamus and anterior pituitary
During inhalation, where would you expect to find a higher concentration of oxygen?
In the alveolar air space
Which of the following is a result of the adrenal gland releasing epinephrine into the blood?
Increase in heart rate
The shape of villi and microvilli facilitates which of the following?
Increasing surface area for absorption
Type I diabetes is a disease associated with which of the following hormones?
Insulin
Which of the following best describes the function of a nerve synapse?
It allows for the passing of signals between neurons and muscles.
Which of the following is the function of the spleen in a healthy adult human?
It degrades aged red blood cells.
Which of the following statements best describes the primary function of the respiratory system?
It exchanges gases between the blood and the air in an environment.
Which of the following describes the process of diffusion?
It is the movement of a substance from high concentration to low concentration.
Which of the following describes the function of the plasma membrane?
It maintains the cell's internal environment.
Which of the following best describes the purpose of hyaline cartilage in the skeletal system?
It reduces friction at joints.
Which of the following cell types confers waterproofing on the outer layers of skin?
Keratinocytes
Which of the following cell types provides a waterproofing function for the outer layers of skin?
Keratinocytes
The nephridium in worms has a function most similar to which of the following organs in humans?
Kidney
Which of the following organs is the site of blood filtration?
Kidney
Which of these terms related to the respiratory system refers to the "voice box" for sound production?
Larynx
Which type cell helps protect against disease?
Leukocyte
Which of the following connects two bones together?
Ligament
A person is suddenly frightened. Which of the following reactions occurs next?
Liver cells release glucose into the blood stream.
Which of the following can lead to the breakdown of glycogen?
Low levels of glucose
Which of the following results from the immune system attacking an individual's own healthy tissue?
Lupus
Which of the following structures within a human cell is responsible for recycling the materials no longer functional or needed within the cell?
Lysosome
Which of the following cells rid the body of dust and other particles that enter the lungs?
Macrophages
Which of the following best describes one function of estrogen?
Maturation of eggs
Which of the following bones is the large fused bone of the upper jaw that contains teeth?
Maxilla
Molecules are broken down into smaller pieces by the churning of muscles in the stomach. Which of the following is this an example of?
Mechanical digestion
Inside of adult long bones, yellow bone marrow is located within which of the following?
Medullary cavity
Which of the following structures absorbs nutrients in the small intestine?
Microvilli
Which of the following cell structures contain cristae?
Mitochondria
Which of the following best describes the arrangement and motion of molecules in a liquid?
Molecules are packed closely with no regular arrangement and vibrate with constant rapid motion.
Which of the following statements correctly describes neurons?
Motor neurons carry an efferent impulse.
In which of the following organs does digestion begin?
Mouth
The innermost lining of the digestive tract is largely comprised of which of the following?
Mucous membrane
Which of the following helps to prevent pathogens from invading the body?
Mucus
Which of the following is a nonspecific barrier of the immune system?
Mucus
Which of the following statements best describes peristalsis?
Muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract.
Which of the following lists the primary parts of the heart?
Muscle tissue split into four chambers
The bands in muscle sarcomere are formed by actin and which of the following other proteins?
Myosin
Which of the following structures is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
Which of the following best describes the result of mitosis?
New body cells that replace damaged body cells
Which of the following waste products from digestion does the kidney remove?
Nitrogen
Which of the following macromolecules stores genetic information?
Nucleic acid
Which of the following statements about nucleotides and genes is correct?
Nucleotides form strings of DNA that make up genes.
Which of the following foods contain mostly lipids?
Oil
Which of the following breaks down bone material?
Osteoclasts
Which of the following types of bone cells perform mineral resorption?
Osteoclasts
Which of the following best explains the cause of osteoporosis?
Osteoclasts break down bone faster than osteoblasts deposit minerals.
Which of the following organs produce female gametes?
Ovary
Which structure is where female gametes are produced?
Ovary
Which of the following hormones is involved in the process of labor and childbirth?
Oxytocin (OT)
Which of the following is an example of positive feedback?
Oxytocin causes an increase in uterine muscle contractions, ultimately causing the posterior pituitary to release more oxytocin
Which of the following glands is the primary producer of insulin?
Pancreas
Which of the following structures releases insulin and glucagon?
Pancreas
Which of the following are sesamoid bones?
Patellae
Which of the following best describes the expression of alleles?
Phenotype
Damage to which of the following sites will most likely result in the stunted growth of a prepubescent child?
Physis
Which of the following types of cells produce antibodies?
Plasma cells
Which of the following best describes the triple point?
Point where a substance can exist as a solid, liquid, and gas
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell, organelle that is the site of ATP (energy) production
Which of the following best describes the function of melanocytes?
Production of melanin
Which of the following classes of biomolecules can influence the rate of specific chemical reactions within the living cell?
Proteins
Which of the following statements best describes the subatomic particles that make up an atom?
Protons and neutrons have about the same mass and can be found in the nucleus.
Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?
Pulmonary artery
Where does blood flow next after being oxygenated in the lungs?
Pulmonary vein
Which of the following is the process during which glucose and amino acids enter the renal tubule and are transported to the peritubular capillaries?
Reabsorption
Which of the following is part of the large intestine?
Rectum
Which of the following blood components is responsible for transporting oxygen?
Red blood cells
Which of the following is a function of the pineal gland?
Releasing melatonin
Which of the following parts of the genitourinary system regulates blood pressure?
Renin
Which of the following statements correctly describes a major metabolic pathway?
Respiration is an oxidative, degradative pathway.
Which of the following is a progressive autoimmune disease that causes joint inflammation and pain?
Rheumatoid arthritis
Which of the following is classified as a flat bone?
Rib
Which of the following chambers pumps blood toward the lungs?
Right ventricle
What is the name of the structure that releases an enzyme that breaks down starch in the mouth?
Salivary gland
Which of the following compounds formed when a reaction between an acid and base results in the acid's hydrogen being replaced by a cation?
Salt
Which of the following is the term used to describe an action potential jumping from node to node in an axon?
Saltatory conduction
Kidneys remove which of the following from the blood?
Salts
Which of the following is the cellular organelle that stores calcium ions in skeletal muscle?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following glands primarily supplies hair shafts and skin with oily secretions?
Sebaceous gland
Which of the following types of nerves sends messages to the brain?
Sensory
Which of the following types of muscle cell are often voluntary?
Skeletal
Which of the following organs is responsible for the majority of the chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients in the digestive system?
Small intestine
Which of the following options lists the correct order of events in a signaling pathway in a feedback loop used to maintain homeostasis?
Stimulus - Receptor - Integration - Effector Response
In which of the following areas does protein breakdown begin in the human body?
Stomach
In which of the following organs does the breakdown of proteins beain?
Stomach
Vacuoles
Stores food, water, wastes, and other materials
Which of the following chemical compounds prevents the lungs from collapsing?
Surfactant
Which of the following is the collagen-rich material that connects muscles to bone?
Tendon
What is the name for the hormone responsible for male secondary sex characteristics?
Testosterone
The sliding filament theory proposes that which of the following occurs during the contraction phase of muscle?
The sarcomeres shorten.
Which of the following occurs in the cardiac cycle if the impulse triggered at the sinoatrial node never reaches the Purkinje fibers of the heart?
The ventricles will not contract.
Which of the following statements best explains how the structure of alveoli relates to its function?
The walls the alveoli are thin to increase the rate of diffusion.
Which of the following is true of liquids?
They have no definite shape, but they have definite volume.
Which of the following nucleotides pairs with adenine?
Thymine
In which part of the body do T-cells mature?
Thymus
Which of the following hormones requires iodine for its production?
Thyroid hormones
Which of the following is an example of a long bone?
Tibia
Which of the following terms is used to describe the amount of air in a normal inhalation or exhalation?
Tidal volume
Which of the following best describes the purpose of a vaccine?
To produce antibodies in case of future infection
Which structure connects the throat to the lungs?
Trachea
What happens when a skeletal muscle is in a relaxed state?
Tropomyosin covers myosin-binding sites.
Which of the following connects the kidneys to the bladder?
Ureters
Which of the following parts of the male genitourinary system also transports sperm?
Urethra
Which of the following structures stores waste before it is released from the body?
Urinary bladder
Which of the following substances describes the fluid that contains urea, water, and salts that is released through the urethra?
Urine
Chloroplast
Uses photosynthesis to produce ATP and other sugars
Which of the following statements best describes the function of veins?
Veins carry blood back to the heart.
Which of the following actions controlled by voluntary nerve signals?
Walking
Concentrations of sodium dissolved in water are higher inside the cell than outside. Which of the following best predicts which way the water will flow?
Water will move from its high concentration (outside the cel) to the lower concentration (inside the cell).
Lysosomes
cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
An atom that has lost an electron becomes___ in charge and is called a(n)___
positive; cation
Golgi apparatus
processes and packages proteins
Cell wall
provides support and protection
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
synthesizes and transports proteins in the cell
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
synthesizes lipids
Ribosome
synthesizes proteins
Unlike skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle is highly resistant to lactate-mediated fatigue because cardiac muscle
uses aerobic respiration in mitochondria for energy.
A pea plant has a dominant homozygous genotype. Which of the following letters best represent this genotype?
ww