Test 3 - psych 1010

24 month old gordon learned the schema for apples. when gordon sees tomatoes at the grocery store. he says " look mommy, apples"! his mother tells him that the food he sees at the store is a tomato, not an apple. he now has separate schemata for tomatoes and apples. this exemplifies...

accommodation

which of the following would provide the strongest evidence that personality traits are influenced by genetic information

adoptive children being more similar on the personality trait to their biological than adoptive parents

at the beginning of the _____ stage of development, the zygote implants into the uterine wall.

embryonic

algebra requires that the individual conduct mathematical procedures on unknown conceptual quantities known as variables. given the nature this type of math, it is unlikely that children will be able to learn how to solve algebra problems until they have reached the ____stage of development.

formal operational

cari often has temper tantrums. she often behaves impulsively and can lash out at others if she cannot have the things that she wants immediately. according to the psychoanalytic view of personality, Caris personality appears to be dominated by

her id

Jered and his identical twin brother were adopted by separate families as infants. As an adult, Jereds personality should resemble that of

his identical twin

during recess, children are trying to get the two ends of a seesaw perfectly balanced. by analogy to motivation processes, the children are trying to achieve.

homeostasis

which of the following people are most likely to have similar personalities and why?

identical twins. personality is largely biological, and identical twins share the most genes. parenting and environment also play a role, and these things are more similar for identical twins.

as described in the text, Harlow did an experiment with infant rhesus monkeys, requiring them to make a choice btw an artificial mother that provided contact comfort or one that provided food. the results demonstrate that for this species,

infant rhesus monkeys prefer contact comfort over food, especially during stress.

Madeline is seven months old. her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. she knows the cookie is still there. what does this exemplify?

object permanence

Karim likes to try new things. Recently he has gone skydiving, tried tango dancing, joined a soccer league, and started learning a new language. he wants to travel the world and try new things. we could say Karim is high in:

openness to new experiences

joann enjoys familiar tasks and having a structured daily routine. according to the five- factor theory of personality, joann is very low in

openness to new experiences

which of the following statements is in accordance with the humanistic perspective on personality?

people are fundamentally good and capable of growth when provided with support by their parents and community

a toy maker wants to determine which of three toy models infants like best. which of the following methods would be best for assessing this preference?

preferential looking technique

motivational states are directive, which means they

produce specific behaviors that satisfy our needs and reduce drives.

long term memory is transferred to short-term memory via a process called

retrieval

kai's mother hides his pacifier because sh does not want him to use it anymore. but kai knows that the pacifier exists even through it is hidden from sight, and he cries for it. what is the earliest stage of cognitive development that kai could be in?

sensorimotor

what is the correct ordering of Piaget's stages of cognitive development?

sensorimotor, pre operational, concrete operational, formal operational

how much your personality is expressed can vary considerably from situation to situation. based on our discussion of the person x situation approach, in which of the following would your p[personality have the strongest influence on your behavior.

talking with a friend at a coffee shop

which of the following is something that we might expect to see if a child is securely attached?

the child shows some distress when the caregiver leaves

how do the idiographic and nomothetic approaches to studying personality differ?

the first focuses on the unique characteristics of the individual, whereas the latter looks at how people vary on common characteristics.

which of the following correctly defines the prenatal period?

the prenatal period begins at conception and ends at birth

the enhanced memory for items presented at the beginning of a list is referred to as

the primacy effect

in terms of the circumflex model, anger and sadness share___, whereas anger and joy share______.

valence but not arousal; arousal but not valence.

according to the psychoanalytic approach, your impulse to yell at your boss likely arose from

your id