test 4 Management

Three coworkers are heatedly discussing what to order for their department lunch that day. Spencer wants to have Italian food, while Hope wants Mexican food. Emile says that he wants to eat something healthful, such as food from a salad bar. Hope finally says it does not matter and walks away frustrated with the situation. Spencer suggests to Emile that there is an Italian fast food restaurant that has salad on the menu, so they both could get some of what they want. Emile, concerned for Hope's feelings, says that they should get Mexican food. Which approach to conflict does Emile use?

accommodation

Task performance behaviors are focused on

accomplishing organizational goals.

Diana, a team lead, realizes that her team is composed of people with varying interests. Jin has a strong desire to influence others and encourage them to improve and enhance organizational goals. Merle wishes to be liked by others in the organization. Maria has the tendency to control others and often tries to manipulate and exploit them. Sam is obsessed with accomplishing his goals and strives to succeed. Diana often motivates her team members by giving a raise when they perform well. However, when they perform poorly, Diana assigns them undesirable tasks. According to McClelland's theory, Sam has a need for

achievement.

At a major automobile manufacturer, managers are required to contact the human resources department whenever they are considering firing an underperforming employee. The purpose of this policy is to avoid potential problems that might arise in firing the employee. This type of relationship within an organization is referred to as a(n) ________ relationship.

advisory

Diana, a team lead, realizes that her team is composed of people with varying interests. Jin has a strong desire to influence others and encourage them to improve and enhance organizational goals. Merle wishes to be liked by others in the organization. Maria has the tendency to control others and often tries to manipulate and exploit them. Sam is obsessed with accomplishing his goals and strives to succeed. Diana often motivates her team members by giving a raise when they perform well. However, when they perform poorly, Diana assigns them undesirable tasks. According to McClelland's theory, Merle has a need for

affiliation

Which of the following techniques is useful for generating goals that employees accept willingly?

allowing employees to participate in setting their goals

At LuxLife, a company producing fashion accessories, the executive managers created Marianne's group and made it fully responsible for producing the company's briefcase line. The team orders the raw materials, manufactures the briefcases, evaluates quality control, and ships the finished products. Marianne's team is a(n)

autonomous work group.

Three coworkers are heatedly discussing what to order for their department lunch that day. Spencer wants to have Italian food, while Hope wants Mexican food. Emile says that he wants to eat something healthful, such as food from a salad bar. Hope finally says it does not matter and walks away frustrated with the situation. Spencer suggests to Emile that there is an Italian fast food restaurant that has salad on the menu, so they both could get some of what they want. Emile, concerned for Hope's feelings, says that they should get Mexican food. Which approach to conflict does Hope use?

avoidance

At a management retreat, Nicole Noah and her colleagues are reminiscing about how much they enjoyed college life. Everyone remembers their favorite management topics. Nicole Noah is surprised to realize that each of them has a favorite leadership perspective. However, no one can remember the name of the theory they liked most! 1. Lauren Lila knows that her favorite leadership perspective is the one that assumed that leaders are born, not made. (This is because Lauren Lila does, in fact, believe she is a "born leader.") 2. Misha Madison, on the other hand, has found that her most effective style of leadership is to capitalize on the fact that she arouses a sense of excitement in her employees, who genuinely like and admire her and want to follow her lead. 3. Tony Enzo argues that his favorite theory recognized that the best answer concerning which style of leadership to use is "It depends!" He maintains that the theory he liked the most argued for "looking before you lead." 4. Darren Liam argues that the company will be most effective when the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group. Madison's leadership style can be referred to as the ________ approach.

charismatic

Explanation Item15 Item 15 1 of 1 points awarded Item Scored At a management retreat, Nicole Noah and her colleagues are reminiscing about how much they enjoyed college life. Everyone remembers their favorite management topics. Nicole Noah is surprised to realize that each of them has a favorite leadership perspective. However, no one can remember the name of the theory they liked most! 1. Lauren Lila knows that her favorite leadership perspective is the one that assumed that leaders are born, not made. (This is because Lauren Lila does, in fact, believe she is a "born leader.") 2. Misha Madison, on the other hand, has found that her most effective style of leadership is to capitalize on the fact that she arouses a sense of excitement in her employees, who genuinely like and admire her and want to follow her lead. 3. Tony Enzo argues that his favorite theory recognized that the best answer concerning which style of leadership to use is "It depends!" He maintains that the theory he liked the most argued for "looking before you lead." 4. Darren Liam argues that the company will be most effective when the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group. Madison's leadership style can be referred to as the ________ approach.

charismatic

Three coworkers are heatedly discussing what to order for their department lunch that day. Spencer wants to have Italian food, while Hope wants Mexican food. Emile says that he wants to eat something healthful, such as food from a salad bar. Hope finally says it does not matter and walks away frustrated with the situation. Spencer suggests to Emile that there is an Italian fast food restaurant that has salad on the menu, so they both could get some of what they want. Emile, concerned for Hope's feelings, says that they should get Mexican food. Which of the following approaches to conflict does Spencer use?

compromise

In the context of Vroom's leader decision styles, which of the following styles is exemplified when a manager makes a choice using information that she or he considers relevant and then announces it to the group?

decide

Explanation Item9 Item 9 0 of 1 points awarded Item Scored As a consultant to a customer service facility, Hans Hiroko is conducting a leadership training seminar. He encourages several managers who are present to describe their success as leaders. 1. Stewart Sanjit says that he is successful because when he tells his subordinates to do something, they do it because he is the boss, and that is that. 2. Kim Kaley explains that she can get her employees to do what she wants because they like her and they want her to like them. 3. Jorge Mikal feels that his employees are cooperative because they realize that he knows more about how their jobs are done than anybody else in the plant. 4. Sara Lindsay says that all the others should use her secret: "If I can't get someone to work, I just take away their leave privileges and that corrects that problem!" 5. Scott Feargal gets more work from his team by getting the upper management to sanction incentives to the top performers of the month. It can be inferred that Mikal is exhibiting ________ power.

expert

Diana, a team lead, realizes that her team is composed of people with varying interests. Jin has a strong desire to influence others and encourage them to improve and enhance organizational goals. Merle wishes to be liked by others in the organization. Maria has the tendency to control others and often tries to manipulate and exploit them. Sam is obsessed with accomplishing his goals and strives to succeed. Diana often motivates her team members by giving a raise when they perform well. However, when they perform poorly, Diana assigns them undesirable tasks. Diana gives a raise to those who perform well. This is an example of a(n)

extrinsic reward

As an identified leadership trait, integrity refers to

honesty and credibility.

"Tucker, I have some disturbing data," said, Adrian, Vice President of Human Resources. "Our company has suffered increases in turnover, absenteeism, lawsuits by employees and former employees, injury and illness claims, and customer complaints. About the only thing that hasn't increased is our productivity." Tucker replied, "I have unfortunately come to recognize these workforce characteristics. They are a sign of

job dissatisfaction."

As a consultant to a customer service facility, Hans Hiroko is conducting a leadership training seminar. He encourages several managers who are present to describe their success as leaders. 1. Stewart Sanjit says that he is successful because when he tells his subordinates to do something, they do it because he is the boss, and that is that. 2. Kim Kaley explains that she can get her employees to do what she wants because they like her and they want her to like them. 3. Jorge Mikal feels that his employees are cooperative because they realize that he knows more about how their jobs are done than anybody else in the plant. 4. Sara Lindsay says that all the others should use her secret: "If I can't get someone to work, I just take away their leave privileges and that corrects that problem!" 5. Scott Feargal gets more work from his team by getting the upper management to sanction incentives to the top performers of the month. Which of the following types of power does Sanjit exhibit?

legitimate power

The President of Bradley Inc. receives the following feedback from his employees. Lamont, one of the employees, consistently says that he does not believe he will ever succeed. He regularly says to his colleagues, "No matter how well I do in this job, I'll never get a raise or promotion." Shelly, another employee, does not care about any of the rewards that the organization offers. Therefore, she says, "It just isn't worth it to me to work that hard!" Christy, another employee, feels that she is no longer able to keep up in her job, so there is little use in trying. It can be inferred that Lamont illustrates

low instrumentality.

Severine works in an organization that uses teams extensively. In her new position as district manager, she is involved with several teams. 1. Severine is a member of the district manager team. This team is made up of district managers who coordinate the work of the district employees. As with all members of this team, she was included in this team when she got promoted to district manager. 2. Severine supervises the salary survey team. This team is made up of employees from around the district who have been assigned to study the organization's current salary policies and recommend changes to make the organization more competitive for the best job candidates. 3. Severine and several of her employees have been assigned to the service enhancement team, which has been formed to design new services for the organization to provide to customers. Each member of the team is selected for his or her technical expertise and knowledge. 4. Finally, the local managers in Severine's district have formed their own team, which meets each week via videoconference. They decided to do this so that they would be able to discuss similar issues they experience in their jobs. They chose the videoconferencing method for their meetings because they are not able to meet regularly face to face. The district manager team is an example of a ________ team.

management

"My direct reports will be Petra as marketing manager, Mandi as R&D manager, Bill as engineering manager, Buddy as projects manager, Hernando as procurement manager, and Carl as construction manager. We've worked together for years, and no one is better than these professionals. They will lead their respective subunit departments, work together in an integrated fashion, and support my business unit very effectively," said Bruce Edwards, Executive Vice President for Advanced Technologies. These people represent Bruce's

management team.

According to Maslow's need hierarchy,

people are motivated to satisfy the lower needs before the higher needs.

A personal skill that is very important in the situational approaches to leadership is the ability to

perceive the needs and goals of others and adjust your leadership approach accordingly.

Jorge, the office manager of Metalblock Inc., believes that providing positive consequences for a job well done will increase the likelihood of good work performance in the future. Jorge personally sends e-mails to his employees to commend their efforts when they perform well. Karla, the CEO of Descriptive Designs Inc., takes her employees off probation early when they perform to her expectations. Barney, the sales manager of Queenstar Corp., often shouts at his employees when they perform poorly. He also fails to appreciate employees when they perform well, which often results in poor performances. Jorge personally sends e-mails to employees when they perform well commending their efforts. This is the best example of

positive reinforcement.

Grace is a manager in a medical office. It seems that every year when she evaluates employees for wage increases, Kevin and Taneesha always receive raises, while most other employees do not. The other employees accuse Grace of having favorites, and believe Kevin and Trisha are unfairly rewarded. Grace feels Kevin and Taneesha deserve their raises, and that she makes that determination based on facts, not on whom she favors. How can Grace best convince her other employees that she is being fair in her determinations?

post the criteria she will use to determine raise recipients at the beginning of each year

Which of the following types of skills is also important to teams in addition to technical or functional skills?

problem solving

Which of the following is one of the three criteria that define team effectiveness?

productive output by the team

Teams can contribute to an organization through

productivity gains.

"Alvin, I'm able to announce to you today that you have been tasked to work on the concept team for the next-generation electric car—something that has been a goal of yours for several years. This team will work together for about three years or longer, and it is comprised of experts in various fields. You will supply the expert knowledge in electronics, and others will bring expertise in battery technologies, suspension, drive train, body style, etc." Alvin has been assigned to a(n)

project and development team.

Burt, a division manager, talks about positive change for his staff and business, but he allows self-interest to take precedence over the needs of the division. Burt is a ________ leader.

pseudotransformational

Fiona is very charismatic and persuasive. People follow her because they want her approval. This is an example of ________ power.

referent

Charmaine, a supervisor new to her job, knows that, in leading a team that is new to her, she must adapt her leadership style to suit the circumstances. She knows that she should first analyze each situation and then decide what to do. Charmaine is adopting the ________ leadership approach.

situational

Prior to hiring a consultant to assist with a departmental reorganization, the department manager was required to get the project and its budget approved by two other departments: accounting and human resources. This type of requirement facilitates ________ relationships in the organization.

stabilization

Gabe, Soon-Yi, Farah, Edgar, and Vic are part of a team at Synergetics tasked with putting together a presentation about the company's proposed community outreach initiatives. Farah, the most senior member of the team, has been with the company for several years and has worked on several similar projects. Gabe is new to Synergetics, having been recruited from a competitor. Right away, Farah and Gabe clash. Farah feels that Gabe's ideas are too "out there," while Gabe feels that Farah is boring and unimaginative, content to go with the tried and true ways of doing things that have worked in the past. Over the course of the next week, the other three team members adopt different methods of handling the conflict, but Soon-Yi's approach is the one that has the most success. Based on what you know about conflict management, what did Soon-Yi do to reach the best possible resolution to this conflict?

suggested a solution that incorporated the best aspects of Gabe's innovative approach and Farah's practical one

Kenneth and Anjali are members of a team at Treehouse Enterprises. Kenneth tries to keep the team moving toward accomplishing its goals, and he possesses the knowledge and skills required for carrying his team's assignments into effect. Deidre is very supportive of the team members and in the past has comforted team members whose feelings have been hurt. Kenneth, Anjali, and the other team members believe that all new information any of them receives should be shared among team members because it will improve team performance. Which term best describes Kenneth's role in his team?

task specialist

isaiah, an employee at Lakeside Ventures Inc., is assigned a team project. He is concerned about this project because his compensation is partly dependent upon the team's performance. One of his team members, Connor, thinks his contributions are not important and decides to let the rest of the team members do the work. Two other team members, Neena and Tariq, work hard as long as all are together, but do not work well on their own. Isaiah has the responsibility of keeping his team members motivated in order to improve their performance. Which term best describes the behaviors of Neena and Tariq?

the social facilitation effect

At a management retreat, Nicole Noah and her colleagues are reminiscing about how much they enjoyed college life. Everyone remembers their favorite management topics. Nicole Noah is surprised to realize that each of them has a favorite leadership perspective. However, no one can remember the name of the theory they liked most! 1. Lauren Lila knows that her favorite leadership perspective is the one that assumed that leaders are born, not made. (This is because Lauren Lila does, in fact, believe she is a "born leader.") 2. Misha Madison, on the other hand, has found that her most effective style of leadership is to capitalize on the fact that she arouses a sense of excitement in her employees, who genuinely like and admire her and want to follow her lead. 3. Tony Enzo argues that his favorite theory recognized that the best answer concerning which style of leadership to use is "It depends!" He maintains that the theory he liked the most argued for "looking before you lead." 4. Darren Liam argues that the company will be most effective when the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group. Lila's favorite leadership perspective is the ________ approach.

trait

Severine works in an organization that uses teams extensively. In her new position as district manager, she is involved with several teams. 1. Severine is a member of the district manager team. This team is made up of district managers who coordinate the work of the district employees. As with all members of this team, she was included in this team when she got promoted to district manager. 2. Severine supervises the salary survey team. This team is made up of employees from around the district who have been assigned to study the organization's current salary policies and recommend changes to make the organization more competitive for the best job candidates. 3. Severine and several of her employees have been assigned to the service enhancement team, which has been formed to design new services for the organization to provide to customers. Each member of the team is selected for his or her technical expertise and knowledge. 4. Finally, the local managers in Severine's district have formed their own team, which meets each week via videoconference. They decided to do this so that they would be able to discuss similar issues they experience in their jobs. They chose the videoconferencing method for their meetings because they are not able to meet regularly face to face. The local managers' team that meets by videoconferencing is an example of a ________ team.

virtual

To facilitate communication, the best kind of office seating arrangement is one that

avoids separating people and helps establish a warm atmosphere.

In a boundaryless organization,

barriers to communication are turned into permeable membranes.

Shaw Integrated Designs is an organization in which information is available not just to top management but to all levels within the organization, including workers. Thus, Shaw Integrated Designs can be best described as a ________ organization.

boundaryless

Mason, a frontline manager, confided in his peer, "The marketplace is changing, and our organization isn't keeping up with it. Our financial performance has been a disaster for the past two years. Employee morale is horrible, and I feel as if the company is surviving day to day. ________ is lacking, and our executive management really needs to step up and develop one."

A clear vision

Creekside Robotics Corp. provides free lunch to its employees every day. The work environment is informal and friendly, which allows everyone to get to know each other. The company also holds a recreational event the last weekend of every month. Although the employees are all satisfied with these practices, the company implements a new incentive scheme to give cash rewards to employees who perform well. The company's goal is to keep its employees motivated. By implementing a new incentive system for employees who perform well, Creekside Robotics Corp. is satisfying the employees' ________ needs.

ego

A psychological contract about the relationship between individuals and employing organizations resides in the minds of

employees.

The benefits of teams are reduced when they are not

empowered

Which type of power is dominant when a leader is respected for her or his knowledge?

expert power

The process of reflection

facilitates accurate two-way communication.

Rafa works in the human resources department at Golden Arrow Publishers, and in the evenings she is working toward a business degree at the local community college. In one of her classes, Organizational Psychology, the most recent lecture dealt with path-goal theory. The following week, for an assignment, Rafa asks her coworkers questions about what makes a person successful in business. Based on the responses of her coworkers and what you know about leadership styles, which of Rafa's coworkers would benefit most from a participative leadership style?

Teri, who prides herself on her ability to adapt to and learn from difficult situations

According to McClelland, the most important needs for managers are the needs for

achievement, affiliation, and power.

In path-goal theory, the degree to which followers respect, admire, and defer to authority is called

authoritarianism.

Among the important components of the communication process is

decoding.

Under equity theory, employees may attempt to ________ in their efforts to restore balance.

decrease others' outcomes

"Todd, you have a strong management team supporting you, and I applaud your efforts to solicit information, opinions, and preferences from your team, and in seeking consensus in reaching decisions," said Bill. "But sometimes decisions need to be made more quickly, and sometimes your team simply wants you to step up and make certain tough decisions. In other words, a(n) ________ style of leadership is not always appropriate."

democratic

Joyce Jade is an effective and admired leader in her organization, a large bottling company. She breaks down the behaviors she thinks have led to her success: 1. She expects a lot from her staff. She sets high goals so they need to work hard and be productive while they are at work. She also expects high-quality output. 2. Additionally, she works hard to maintain good relationships with each and every employee that she has. She regularly provides praise and seeks ways to help individuals solve problems and reduce stress. She has been told she is easy to talk to. 3. Finally, Joyce Jade thinks that it is important to get buy-in from her employees on many issues, so she solicits input from them on some decisions and really tries to take it into consideration. Sometimes she even meets with the whole group and tries to reach consensus. Jade's behaviors described in number 3 best exemplifies ________ decision style.

democratic

If a manager learns about a rumor on the grapevine that has the potential to cause harm, he or she can best neutralize it by

disregarding ridiculous rumors and telling the truth consistently.

According to Herzberg's theory, the two factors that affect people working on their jobs are categorized into

hygiene factors and motivators.

The best visions are both

ideal and unique.

It is especially important for managers to prevent the spread of rumors

in times of uncertainty.

The feeling of self-satisfaction that comes from doing a good job is a(n)

intrinsic reward.

A useful strategy for encouraging collaboration when there is conflict in groups is to

invoke superordinate goals.

Deemphasizing or smoothing over a disagreement

is a form of avoidance.

An advantage of oral communication is that

it often is more persuasive than written communication.

In order to listen effectively, you should

keep your mind open.

Several members of Hiroko's team feel frustrated. They had forwarded many viable concepts to management for work process improvements. A few of the concepts were implemented, but most were not, and the team was not told why. Most members have quit trying to come up with innovative ideas. The team seems to have failed due to

lack of empowerment.

Ramon, a district manager at Great American Foods Inc., had posted the date of his team meeting on the company blog. On the day of the meeting, Ramon called the sales managers into his office, where he inquired about the status of each one's work. While the managers were giving their reports, Ramon received a call. Though he decided not to answer it, the ringing of the phone interrupted the meeting. As a result, a manager had to repeat what he had said. The ringing of the telephone and its interruption of the meeting would be considered

noise

Consolidated Enterprises has appointed a team to recommend solutions to the problem of high employee turnover. The team does not have the authority to implement any of its suggested changes. What kind of team is this?

parallel

The richest communication media are more

personal than technological.

According to McClelland, when the need for power is used as a negative force it is called ________ power.

personalized

Supervisory leadership is best described as behavior that

provides support and corrective day-to-day feedback.

Martin was one of Sloane's lower-quartile performers, mainly due to lack of punctuality. In Martin's annual performance review, he submitted his draft goals for the upcoming year. One of his goals was to "Improve my punctuality." Sloane responded, "No, Martin. That goal is not acceptable. Your goal needs to be more ________ so that you and I can monitor and measure whether or not you are attaining your goal."

specific and quantifiable

A team's purpose should be translated into

specific, measurable performance goals.

The term reflection, as it relates to listening skills, refers to a technique that involves

stating back to the other person what you think he or she is saying.

Part of Ysabel's job is to envision a viable future for her corporation and lead others in making the changes necessary to ensure such a future. Ysabel's job is to provide ________ leadership.

strategic

Which of the following is associated with group maintenance?

stress reduction

The three categories of leadership behaviors that have received particular attention are

task performance, group maintenance, and employee participation in decision making.

Alberto is a manager who is known in his company for following the rules and demanding accurate, quality work from his employees. Alberto is a(n) ________ leader.

task-oriented

The theory that examines follower and environmental characteristics such as locus of control, ability, and formal authority system is ________ theory.

the path-goal

Antoinette thought to herself, "If we meet our team objective to solve the client's problem, we will earn a team award from our company. Now, each team member has contributed at a different level, so the team members should be rewarded differentially as well. The decisions on differential awards should be made by ________. That will result in the most valid reward allocations."

the team members

At the annual shareholders' meeting of GreatIdeas, Inc., one shareholder turned to the other and whispered, "Our CEO, Francisco Gomez, has done an outstanding job of leading his division presidents to set aside their personal interests for the betterment of GreatIdeas. And Francisco is just such an exciting and passionate man. He has done wonders in turning around this organization." The other shareholder replied, "Indeed, Francisco truly stands out as a ________. I'm so glad that I've invested heavily in GreatIdeas!"

transformational leader

Yves works on a sales support team, which helps outside salespeople by mailing promotional material, following up on orders, and tracking shipments. Which type of team is this?

work

"We have agreed with the client on the simple concepts in the contract, using back-and-forth e-mails and edited files. However, the next concepts in the contract are going to be difficult to negotiate," said Steve. "I will call the client and suggest that we meet in their offices for a few days, face-to-face, to hammer out an agreement on the difficult concepts." Why did Steve suggest this approach?

In online bargaining, negotiators distrust one another more than in face-to-face negotiations.

Which of the following is a common reason for social loafing?

Individuals believe their contribution is not important.

Which of the following statements is true regarding Maslow's need hierarchy?

It holds that people satisfy their needs in a specific order.

Jamal is a little excited and a little intimidated. His firm is entering into a strategic partnership with a company in Denmark, and they have sent him to Copenhagen, the nation's capital city. During that time, he will be able to communicate with his supervisor and colleagues back home via e-mail and phone but will primarily be interacting with Danish nationals. In addition to various managers and top brass at the Danish company, he will work with Jens, a mid-level manager who will serve as his local guide. Whose help will Jamal benefit from most during his time in Copenhagen?

Jens, his local guide

Which of the following statements about teams is true?

Teams can be powerful forces for creativity and change.

Which of the following statements about group norms is true?

They are shared beliefs about how the group members should behave.

Increasing expectancies, identifying ________ outcomes, and making performance instrumental toward positive outcomes are all managerial implications of the expectancy theory.

positively valent

Which of the following team strategies is best for teams that have a high degree of dependence on outsiders?

probing

________ power is held by a manager who has control over the size of an employee's raise.

reward

According to the Hackman and Oldham model of job design, which of the following is not a core dimension of enriched jobs?

negative reinforcement

A set of leader characteristics that reflect a high level of effort and a high need for achievement is identified as

drive

The highest group performance occurs when a

highly cohesive group has high performance norms.

Leader-member exchange (LMX) theory highlights the

importance of leader behaviors on both a group and an individual basis.

According to leader behavior research conducted at Ohio State and Michigan, the ideal leader

is both performance- and maintenance-oriented.

Horatio just joined a team of people who come from different units in his organization. The team's primary task is to recommend to the top management valuable uses for the waste materials generated in the manufacturing processes. Although the team meets twice per week, the members continue to work within the usual organizational structure. The temporary team that Horatio has joined is a

parallel team.

Joyce Jade is an effective and admired leader in her organization, a large bottling company. She breaks down the behaviors she thinks have led to her success: 1. She expects a lot from her staff. She sets high goals so they need to work hard and be productive while they are at work. She also expects high-quality output. 2. Additionally, she works hard to maintain good relationships with each and every employee that she has. She regularly provides praise and seeks ways to help individuals solve problems and reduce stress. She has been told she is easy to talk to. 3. Finally, Joyce Jade thinks that it is important to get buy-in from her employees on many issues, so she solicits input from them on some decisions and really tries to take it into consideration. Sometimes she even meets with the whole group and tries to reach consensus. Jade's behaviors described in number 1 would be best referred to as ________ behaviors.

task performance

A disadvantage of written communication is that

the message might not contain all the information the receiver needs.

Which of the following is a critical period in a group's development because the group is particularly open to formative experiences?

the midpoint between the first meeting and a deadline

Filtering is less likely to occur in ________ organizations.

flatter

The type of communication that is both preplanned and flows downward, upward, and horizontally is ________ communication.

formal

An advantage of a virtual office is that it

gives employees access to whatever information they need from the company, whenever and wherever they need it.

Compared to traditionally managed teams, self-managed teams typically have

greater productivity and lower costs.

Martin told his protégé, Kate, "You are particularly effective in exhibiting ________ behaviors, an important part of the LMX Theory. That is, it's obvious that you are respected for your trust, open communication, and mutual respect toward your staff. But remember that, in your relocation to our new office in Tokyo, these behaviors may need to change due to cross-cultural differences."

group maintenance

In organizational communication, coaching refers to dialogue with the goal of

helping employees be more effective and achieve their potential on the job.

A rumor has been going around that Great Western Beef Co., Inc., is closing its packing plant in Lincoln, Nebraska. According to the rumor, a local health department official stopped a truck on its way through the front gate of the plant and discovered that it was full of dead cats. Subsequent investigation revealed that the company had been augmenting its alleged beef products with cat meat. As president of the company, Todd knows that this is absurd—all except the part about the plant closing, which is a consequence of company restructuring. He and his chief information officer have dealt with damage control internally, but the issue still needs to be addressed with the public at large. Todd should

hold a press conference personally, announce that the plant is closing, and explain why without alluding to the rumor.

Word has just come down from Day Pharmaceuticals' headquarters, and it is not good. Financial reports from the last few quarters have been disappointing, and for that reason top management had been pinning their hopes on a top-secret experimental medication called Wonderall. Clinical trials have been promising, and prospects were looking good for an introduction to the general market later in the year, but now the company heads have learned that the Food & Drug Administration will delay approval for an additional six months due to questions about the medication's side-effects. As chief operations officer, Rachel is tasked with getting this message out to employees in the most effective way. She is weighing various ideas about how to do this. Among her considerations is a large town hall-style group meeting that would bring together the entire company (which is mostly concentrated in a single location) or a smaller meeting involving just the top management. There are other possibilities as well. The best way for Rachel to convey the disappointing news is to

hold the large group meeting because that will give her an opportunity to immediately address questions raised both by managers and frontline employees.

Effective coaching requires

honesty, calmness, and supportiveness.

Gabriel, chief executive officer of Chesapeake Financial Inc., sends a memo to his vice presidents regarding new procedures for annual performance reviews. The vice presidents meet informally to discuss the new procedures. When the new procedures are announced to the other employees, they form feedback teams, and these teams draft memos providing feedback to the vice presidents and Gabriel regarding the advantages, disadvantages, and potential problems with the new procedures. The meeting of the vice presidents to discuss the contents of the memo from Gabriel is an example of ________ communication.

horizontal

Which of the following types of teams has the most freedom in making decisions about the execution of tasks and about the team itself?

self-designing teams

Debra, Fang, and Raj were on a team at their engineering company. Though Debra had the most experience of the three, she did not always assume the leadership role. Some projects fell into the specialized areas of the others, so she moved the leadership around the group as appropriate. Debra's style would be classified as ________ leadership.

shared

Which of the following occurs in teams when individuals are concerned with what others think of them and want to maintain a positive self-image?

social facilitation effect

Jefferson, the chief executive officer of Midwestern Thermal Systems, decides to explore the idea of opening an office in China and speaks to his chief financial officer, Maria, about it. She pays careful attention to everything he says and restates everything to Jefferson to make sure that she accurately understands his plans. Some employees learn of the plans from their managers, and some of these employees begin spreading the information to other colleagues. Employees who learned about the plans from their managers started spreading the information to other colleagues. This is an example of

the grapevine.

What is the optimal placement for leadership?

Leaders should permeate the organization.

Janine has decided to return to the workforce after two decades. At her last job, she got along well with her boss, Manny, because she was a competent, productive worker, and these were qualities he highly valued. Her new boss, Bree, who is in her early thirties, has a completely different approach to leadership. Manny had a traditional, moderately authoritarian leadership style, while Bree operates from a framework of authentic leadership. Which of the following statements would Janine most likely agree with?

Manny insisted everyone work strict nine to five hours, while Bree is very flexible, even allowing several team members to work mostly from home.

Alex, manager of a 50-person engineering department, exhibits group maintenance behaviors; that is, he ensures employee satisfaction, harmonious work relationships, and the department's social stability. However, his division manager, Bud, notes that Alex' department rarely achieves its annual goals, in terms of work speed, quality and accuracy, output, and compliance with company policies and requirements. How would you advise Bud to coach Alex to perform his job at a higher level and to increase the performance of Alex' organization?

Tell Alex to focus more on task performance behaviors.

"Hey, boss, I heard on the office grapevine that the company is up for sale. What have you heard?" asked Uri. "That's absolutely false," said Archer. "I know for a fact that one of our competitors planted that rumor. I need to neutralize that rumor." Why does Archer believe that he needs to neutralize the rumor?

The grapevine can be destructive when erroneous misinformation proliferates and harms operations.

Noise in communication is

anything that blocks understanding or interferes with accurate information.

To be a good communicator, a person needs to ________ nonverbal communications.

become good at observing and interpreting

"Wow, my previous employer never did this," whispered Dylan to his coworker during the monthly staff meeting. "Now I'm seeing my new division manager present internal-confidential financial information in a staff meeting." His coworker replied, "Our division manager has said that this information needs to be easily available to our staff so that our organization can function better." As described here, Dylan's division is an example of a(n) ________ organization.

boundaryless

Aspen Integrated Marketing used to have a strict hierarchical structure, with information given only to those who required it. The new chief executive officer, however, set up a flat organizational structure that eliminates barriers to information flow. Information that was previously available to managers alone is now given to employees as well. He also assigned mentors to new employees to help them in their jobs and enable them to perform better. Aspen Integrated Marketing can now be described as a(n) ________ organization.

boundaryless

Terence, a store manager at Imperial Office Supply Inc., received an e-mail from Martin, the chief financial officer for the company. Terence read through the e-mail and interpreted the information that required him to give an update on the sales of the month. Though the sales figures at Terence's location were not satisfactory, he did not want to disappoint Martin by revealing the true situation, so he told him that the store was meeting or exceeding revenue goals according to all of the relevant metrics. Terence then decided to discuss the current problem with the sales manager and get her feedback. Given the fact that Terence needs to discuss a difficult situation with his sales manager—the poor financial performance of their store—the best communication channel for such a conversation would be a(n)

face-to-face meeting.

Will said to his division manager, "Ray, if we win the Jones contract next year, my business unit will contribute a profit of $1.5 million to your division. But, the odds of us winning the contract are very, very small, so my annual plan should assume a profit of $0.8 million, which is still a record high number for us. That is much more realistic, but still challenging." "Great," said Ray, "I'll put you down for $1.5 million." Will left the meeting, frustrated that Ray appeared to ignore him. Ray was guilty of

filtering.

To become a better written communicator, it is important to realize that one's ________ is seldom as good as it could be.

first draft

Rei has again found herself frustrated at work. Her manager, for whatever reason, never makes a decision. If anything is to get done, Rei and her coworkers simply do what they think is best. From the scenario, it can be inferred that Rei's manager has adopted a ________ decision style.

laissez-faire

Jefferson, the chief executive officer of Midwestern Thermal Systems, decides to explore the idea of opening an office in China and speaks to his chief financial officer, Maria, about it. She pays careful attention to everything he says and restates everything to Jefferson to make sure that she accurately understands his plans. Some employees learn of the plans from their managers, and some of these employees begin spreading the information to other colleagues. In order to be able to do business successfully in China, Jefferson should

learn something about China's culture, customs, and language.

Kenneth and Anjali are members of a team at Treehouse Enterprises. Kenneth tries to keep the team moving toward accomplishing its goals, and he possesses the knowledge and skills required for carrying his team's assignments into effect. Deidre is very supportive of the team members and in the past has comforted team members whose feelings have been hurt. Kenneth, Anjali, and the other team members believe that all new information any of them receives should be shared among team members because it will improve team performance. The team's belief that sharing new information among team members will help improve the team's performance can best be described as a

norm

Aspen Integrated Marketing used to have a strict hierarchical structure, with information given only to those who required it. The new chief executive officer, however, set up a flat organizational structure that eliminates barriers to information flow. Information that was previously available to managers alone is now given to employees as well. He also assigned mentors to new employees to help them in their jobs and enable them to perform better. At Aspen Integrated Marketing, information that was previously available to managers alone is now given to workers as well. This is an example of

open-book management.

Lin sent a report via an e-mail to Aisha, her manager, updating her on the status of a project she has been working on. Aisha in return has replied that she has received the report and is happy with Lin's progress. This situation best exemplifies ________ communication.

two-way

E-mail, memos, letters, reports, and computer files are all examples of ________ communication.

written