The Adrenal Glands
The neuroblastoma typically presents before the age of: 1 year 2 years 4 years 5 years
5 years
what is the cause of Cushing disease? Anterior pituitary gland tumor Adrenal hemorrhage Neuroblastoma Hyperaldosteronism
Anterior pituitary gland tumor
Which hormone, secreted by the anterior pituitary gland, controls the release of hormones by the adrenal glands? Epinephrine Cortisol Aldosterone ACTH
ACTH
Which of the following is associated with hyponatremia? Cushing syndrome Conn syndrome Pheochromocytoma Addison disease
Addison disease
A 45-year-old obese woman with thin arms and legs, hypertension, and severe fatigue presents to the ultrasound department for an abdominal sonogram. Based on these clinical findings, you should evaluate the adrenal glands closely for sings of: Addison cyst Adrenal hemorrhage Adrenal adenoma Neuroblastoma
Adrenal adenoma
Upon sonographic examination of the RUQ in a 32-year-old female patient complaining of generalized abdominal pain, you visualize an anechoic mass with posterior enhancement superior and medial to the upper pole of the right kidney. This most likely represents a(n): Adrenal metastatic lesions Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma Adrenal cyst
Adrenal cyst
An abdominal sonogram is requested for a newborn in the intensive care unit. The newborn suffered from brief anoxia at birth and is now suffering from jaundice. Superior to the right kidney, you visualize a triangular shaped, heterogenous mass. What is the most likely diagnosis? Adrenal hemorrhage Adrenal adenoma Pheochromocytoma Cushing syndrome
Adrenal hemorrhage
Which of the following mass-like lesions may be associated with congenital adrenal hyperplasia and found within the testes? Adrenal adenoma Adrenal rests Pheochromocytoma's Neuroblastomas
Adrenal rests
The adrenal cortex produces all of the following except: Cortisol Androgens Aldosterone Adrenaline
Adrenaline
Which hormone is responsible for regulating blood pressure by controlling the amounts of sodium and water in the body? Epinephrine Cortisol Aldosterone ACTH
Aldosterone
Which plays a part in the development of male characteristics? Androgens Cortisol Aldosterone Hematocrit
Androgens
Which of the following is associated with hypernatremia? Cushing syndrome Conn syndrome Pheochromocytoma Addison disease
Conn syndrome
The syndrome associated with hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity, and an adrenal mass is: Edwards syndrome Cushing syndrome Juliet syndrome Hirschsprung syndrome
Cushing syndrome
With active internal hemorrhage, the patient's hematocrit will: Increase Decrease Become stable Not change
Decrease
Which types of glands release their hormones directly into the bloodstream? Endocrine glands Exocrine glands
Endocrine glands
What is the term for low levels of sodium in the blood? Hypokalemia Hypopigmentation Hyponatremia Hypodisuria
Hyponatremia
The right suprarenal vein drains directly into the: IVC Abdominal aorta Celiac trunk Left renal vein
IVC
The left suprarenal vein drains directly into the: IVC Abdominal aorta Celiac trunk Left renal vein
Left renal vein
All of the following are most likely a benign adrenal mass except: Adrenal adenoma Neuroblastoma Pheochromocytoma Adrenal hematoma
Neuroblastoma
The most common, extracranial, malignant mass in children is the: Hepatoblastoma Hypernephroma Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma
Which of the following is produced by the adrenal medulla? Cortisol Aldosterone Norepinephrine Androgens
Norepinephrine
The adrenal mass often associated with uncontrollable hypertension, tachycardia, and tremors is the: Neuroblastoma Adrenal hematoma Oncocytoma Pheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma
Which of the following best describes the location of the right adrenal gland? Posterior and lateral to the pancreas Medial t the lower pole of the Rt kidney Posterior and lateral to the IVC Medial to the crus of the diaphragm
Posterior and lateral to the IVC
The arterial blood supply to the adrenal glands is accomplished by means of the: Celiac trunk Subphrenic arteries Suprarenal arteries Superior mesenteric artery
Suprarenal arteries
The adrenal glands receive a portion of their blood supply from all of the following except the: Suprarenal branches of the inferior phrenic arteries Suprarenal branches of the aorta Suprarenal branches of the renal arteries Suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk
Suprarenal branches of the celiac trunk
All of the following are associated with Conn syndrome except: Adrenal adenoma Hypertension Excessive thirst Thinning arms and legs
Thinning arms and legs
The adrenal glands are surrounded by a connective tissue capsule called: Glisson capsule Adrenalocortical fascia Gerota fascia Glisson fascia
Gerota fascia
When internal bleeding is suspected what laboratory value is useful for a sonographer to evaluate? Hematocrit Blood urea nitrogen Androgenic hormone Alkaline phosphate
Hematocrit
A localized collection of blood describes a: Hemangioma Hematoma Hypertoma Hydrocele
Hematoma
Conn syndrome results from: Low levels of cortisol High levels of cortisol High levels of aldosterone Low levels of epinephrine
High levels of aldosterone
Hyper functioning adrenal adenomas are associated with all of the following except: Cushing syndrome Conn syndrome Hypoechoic mass in the area of the adrenal gland Acute drop in hematocrit
Acute drop in hematocrit
Which of the following has a clinical finding of bronzing of the skin? Addison disease Cushing disease Cushing syndrome Conn syndrome
Addison disease
Which of the following is also referred to as primary adrenocortical insufficiency? Conn syndrome Addison disease Cushing syndrome Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Addison disease
All of the following are clinical findings of a pheochromocytoma except: Bradycardia Uncontrollable hypertension Excessive sweating Tremors
Bradycardia
Which of the following hormones are responsible for the "flight-or-fight" response? Epinephrine and norepinephrine Cortisol and androgens Cortisol and aldosterone ACTH and aldosterone
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
The most common sonographic appearance of a neuroblastoma is: Hyperechoic mass Heterogeneous mass with calcifications Anechoic mass Hypoechoic mass
Heterogeneous mass with calcifications
The most common sonographic appearance of a pheochromocytoma is a(n): Hyperechoic mass Hypoechoic mass Anechoic mass Complex mass
Hyper echoic mass
Which of the following would result in buffalo hump and moon-shaped face clinical findings? Conn syndrome Addison disease Adrogenism Hypercorticolism
Hypercorticolism
All of the following are true statements about the adrenal gland except: The adrenal glands are easily identified in the fetus The adrenal glands are composed of a medulla and cortex The adrenal glands are exocrine glands The adrenal glands may also be referred to as the suprarenal glands
The adrenal glands are exocrine glands
All of the following are true statements about the adrenal glands except: The adrenal glands play an important role in blood pressure regulation The adrenal glands are easily identified in the fetus The left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the left kidney The right adrenal gland is located medial to the right lobe of the liver
The left adrenal gland is located lateral to the upper pole of the left kidney