The Reproductive System CH 14

menarche

During puberty the term menarch describes the beginning of the menstrual function.

embryo

From implantation through the 8th week of pregnancy the developing child is known as an embryo.

perineum

In the female the region between the vaginal orifice and the anus is known as the perineum.

seminiferous tubules

Sperm are formed within the seminiferous tubules of each testicle.

colporrhaphy

Surgical suturing of a tear in the vagina is known as colporrhaphy.

areola

The dark-pigmented area surrounding the nipple is known as the areola.

colposcopy

The direct visual examination of the tissues of the cervix and vagina using a binocular magnifier is known as colposcopy.

chorionic villus sampling

The examination of cells retrieved from the edge of the placenta between the 8th and 10th weeks of pregnancy is known as chorionic villus sampling.

fimbriae

The finger-like structures of the fallopian tube that catch the ovum are the fimbriae.

colostrum

The fluid produced by the mammary glands during the first few days after giving birth is colostrum.

vaginal candidiasis

The medical term for the condition also known as a yeast infection is vaginal candidiasis.

bartholin's glands

The mucus that lubricates the vagina is produced by the bartholin's glands.

menstruation

The normal periodic discharge from the uterus is known as menstruation.

lochia

The postpartum vaginal discharge during the first several weeks after childbirth is known as lochia.

ovulation

The release of a mature egg by the ovary is known as ovulation.

eclampsia

The serious complication of pregnancy that is characterized by convulsions and sometimes coma is known as eclampsia the treatment for this condition is delivery of the fetus.

circumcision

The surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis is known as circumcision.

cervicitis

The term cervicitis describes an inflammation of the cervix that is usually caused by an infection.

zygote

The term describing the single cells formed immediately after conception is zygote.

hematospermia

The term hematospermia is the presence of blood in the seminal fluid.

perimenopause

The term perimenopause is used to designate the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all.

leukorrhea

The term that describes a profuse whitish mucus discharge from the uterus and vagina is leukorrhea. This type of discharge can be due to an infection, malignancy, or hormonal change.

balanitis

The term that describes an inflammation of the glans penis is balanitis.

endometrium

The term that describes the inner layer of the uterus is endometrium.

primigravida

The term used to describe a women during her first pregnancy is a primigravida.

oligomenorrhea

The term used to describe infrequent or very light menstruation in a women with previously normal periods is oligomenorrhea.

placenta

The third stage of labor and delivery is the expulsion of the placenta as the afterbirth.

umbilical cord

The umbilical cord is the tube that carries blood oxygen and nutrients from the placenta to the developing child.

AMN

anniocentesis

BV

bacterial vaginosis

mastopexy

called a breast lift is a mammoplasty to affix sagging breasts in a more elevated position

lactiferous ducts

carry milk from the mammary glands

cervix

cervic/o

CS

cesarean section

vagina

colp/o

neonate

during the first 4 weeks after birth

vulva

external female genitalia

female

gynec/o

HPV

human papillomaviruses

uterus

hyster/o

HSG

hysterosalpingography

HYS

hysteroscopy

oophoritis

inflammation of an ovary

IUD

intrauterine device

bacterial vaginosis

is a condition in women in which there is an abnormal overgrowth of certain bacteria in the vagina

pruritus vulvae

is a condition of severe itching of the external female genitalia

follicle

is a fluid-filled sac containing a single ovum (egg)

gonorrhea

is a highly contagious condition caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

vulvodynia

is a painful syndrome of unknown cause

obstertrician

is a physician who specializes in providing medical care to women during pregnancy childbirth and immediately thereafter.

ectopic pregnancy

is a potentially dangerous condition in which a fertilized egg is implanted and begins to develop outside of the uterus

episiotomy

is a surgical incision made into the perineum to enlarge the vaginal orifice to prevent tearing of the tissues as the infant moves out of the birth canal

amniocentesis

is a surgical puncture with a needle to obtain a specimen of amniotic fluid

nulligravida

is a women who has never been pregnant

amenorrhea

is an abnormal absence of menstrual periods for 90 days or more

pyoslpinx

is an accumulation of pus in a fallopian tube

hypermnorrhea

is an excessive amount of menstrual flow over period of more than 7 days

pap smear

is an exfoliative biopsy of the cervix

trichomoniasis

is an infection caused by the parasite trichomonas vaginalis.

salpingitis

is an inflammation of a fallopian tube

endocervicitis

is an inflammation of the mucous membrane lining of the cervix

menometrorrhagia

is excessive uterine bleeding at both the usual time of menstrual periods and at other irregular intervals

Syphilis

is highly contagious and is passed from person to person through direct contact with a chancre.

chlamydia

is most commonly reported STD in the united states

mastalgia

is pain in the breast

placenta previa

is the abnormal implantation of the placenta in the lower portion of the uterus

cesarean section

is the delivery of the child through an incision in the maternal abdominal and uterine walls

hysteroscopy

is the direct visual examination of the interior of the uterus and fallopian tubes

vaginal orifice

is the exterior opening of the vagina.

menopause

is the normal termination of the menstrual function in a woman during middle age

fibrocystic breast disease

is the presence of single or multiple benign cysts in the breasts.

orchiopexy

is the repair of an undescended testicle

orchidectomy

is the surgical removal of one or both testicles

perimenopause

is the term used to designate the transition phase between regular menstrual periods and no periods at all

ova

known as eggs are the female gametes

L & D

labor and delivery

breast

mast/o

menstruation

men/o

NICU

neonatal intensive care unit

none

nulli-

egg

ov/o

ovary

ovari/o

PID

pelvic inflammatory disease

foreskin

protects the tip of the penis

tube

salping/o

corpus luteum

secretes the hormone progesterone during the second half of the menstrual cycle

clitoris

sensitive tissue near the vaginal opening

scrotum

surrounds the testicles

colporrhexis

tearing or laceration of the vaginal wall

testicle

test/i

prostate

the prostate gland secretes a thick fluid that aids the motility of the sperm.

vagina

vagin/o

pregnant

-gravida

to give birth

-para

surgical fixation

-pexy

hydrocele

A fluid-filled sac in the scrotum along the spermatic cord leading from the testicles is known as an hydrocele.

nullipara

A nullipara is a women who has never borne a viable child.

varicocele

A varicocele is a knot of widening varicose veins in one side of the scrotum.

dysmenorrhea

Abdominal pain caused by uterine cramps during a menstrual period is known as dysmenorrhea.

pyosalpinx

An accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube is known as pyosalpinx.

vaginitis

An inflammation of the lining of the vagina is known as vaginitis. The most common causes of this condition are bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and vaginal candidiasis.