Topic 4

the dietary guidelines for nutrient dense food choice- choose reduced fat foods of animal origin, choose minimally processed foods, and eat a plant based diet -help american achieve which pattern of fatty acid intake? Check all that apply

-more unsaturated fats -less saturated fat

How many grams of fat provides 90 kcals? 10 grams 81 grams 100 grams 810 grams

10 grams

How many calories does 9 grams of fat provide? 0.9 kcals 1 kcal 081 kcals 90 kcals

81 kcals

If a 300 kcal food contains 3 grams of fat, what % of the energy in that food is fat? 3% 9% 10% 30% 90%

9%

Since much of our dietary fat is invisible, which of the following can be used to know how much and what type of fat is in a food? The Nutrition Facts panel. The ingredient list that lists all the fatty ingredients in the food. Knowing the Food Guide Pyramid category for the food. None of the above is helpful in this case because the fat is invisible.

The Nutrition Facts panel.

which of the following would not be a possible source of trans fatty acid

coconut oil

A blood lipid panel is a good screening tool for telling us how much cholesterol we eat. True or False

false

A new RDA for EFAs has been recently set because EFA deficiency is increasingly common in the US. True or False

false

Blood lipid levels are the number one risk factor for CVD, which means only people with high LDLs and low HDLs will benefit from eating a cardio-protective diet. True or False

false

Fat replacers always make foods healthier. True or False

false

Research shows that simply substituting full-fat processed foods (e.g., Oreos) with reduced-fat or fat-free versions of those foods (e.g., reduced-fat Oreos) is an effective way to lose weight. True or False

false

Which of the following is NOT part of a cardioprotective diet? protein from plants (soy, nuts) lean foods of animal origin functional foods with added antioxidants a diet rich in plant sources of fat fiber-rich foods phytochemical-rich foods minimally processed foods of plant origin

functional foods with added antioxidants a diet rich in plant sources of fat minimally processed foods of plant origin

which of the following does not promote atherosclerosis? low intake of the vitamins folate, B6, and B12 high blood pressure high blood glucose levels high intake of antioxidants homocysteine free radicals

high intake of antioxidants

hydrogenation of vegetable oil results in all of the following except

increases the number of double bonds in fatty acid

Which two fatty acids is the body unable to make? Check ALL that apply. linoleic acid linolenic acid eicosanoic acid

linoleic acid linolenic acid

The omega-3 family of fatty acids includes which of the following? Check ALL that apply. linoleic acid linolenic acid arachidonic acid EPA DHA

linoleic acid linolenic acid arachidonic acid EPA DHA

Which of the following are examples of functional foods currently available? Check ALL that apply. nuts (walnuts, peanuts, almonds) with no cholesterol margarine and yogurt with added plants sterols eggs that are high in omega-3 fatty acids

margarine and yogurt with added plants sterols eggs that are high in omega-3 fatty acids

The Dietary Guidelines for nutrient dense food choices - choose reduced-fat foods of animal origin, choose minimally processed foods, and eat a plant-based diet - help Americans achieve which pattern of fatty acid intake? Check ALL that apply. more unsaturated fat less saturated fat less trans fat

more unsaturated fat less saturated fat less trans fat

A higher intake of DHA and EPA appears to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by ALL of the following EXCEPT reducing blood clotting reducing the size of the heart reducing inflammation reducing blood pressure

reducing the size of the heart

All of the following are high in saturated fat, Except fatty foods of animal orgin hydrogenated oil, such as shortening, stick margarine, and those used in commercially prepared foods. soybean oil plam kernal and coconut oils

soybean oil

Which of the following is NOT a good source of naturally occurring omega-3 fatty acids? cold water fish flax seeds canola oil white meats (chicken and pork) soybean oil walnuts

soybean oil (7% of omega 3)

which of the following is false about the different types of fatty acids? the more saturated a dietary fat is, the more liquid it is at room temp. in a saturated fatty acid, all carbons are saturated with hydrogen replacing dietary saturated fat with unsaturated fat is associated with lower cardiovascular disease risk. unsaturated fatty acids will have one or more double bonds in their carbon chain.

the most saturated a dietary fat is, the more liquid it is at room temperature

Although nuts are high in fat, research shows that eating peanuts and other nuts several times a week can decrease CVD risk by about 30%. True or False

true

Consuming 2-3 grams / day of plant sterols and/or stanols can reduce total blood cholesterol and LDL levels. True or False

true

Lower fat diets are less energy dense and thus can help with weight loss and body weight maintenance. True orFalse

true

The "absolute" intake of a nutrient (e.g., fat) is the actual amount (grams) eaten. True or False

true

The "relative" intake of a nutrient is how much (i.e., grams) is eaten compared to something else (e.g., total calories). True or False

true

body fat stores are used for energy when all of the energy yielding nutrients from the last meal have been absorbed or when energy expenditures increase

true

dietary fat is more efficiently stored as body fat than dietary carbs

true

fat providers more calories than carbohydrates and is less bulky, both of which explain why eating a high fat is diet can make it easier to overeat calories

true

trans fat increase CVD risk as much or more than saturated fats

true

trans fatty acids are unsaturated fatty acid

true

if the nutrition facts panel on a processed food says the food cations 0 grams trans fat, how many grans of trans fat might the food actually contain

up to 0.5 grams

all of the following are good sources of unsaturated fat except

whole milk

All of the following are reasons why a fat free diet is not recommended except fat in foods contain aromas and flavors we enjoy without fat from foods, most people would not be able to make enough body fat to survive fat helps the diet be more satisfying some fatty acids are essential dietary fat helps in the absorption of fat-soluble nutrients

without fat from foods, most people would not be able to make enough body fat to survive

Which of the following is TRUE about how trans fatty acids increase CVD risk? Check ALL that apply. Diets high in trans fats increase blood LDL and triglyceride levels. Trans fats that are incorporated into LDL particles make the LDLs stick more easily to the artery walls. Trans fats tend to decrease HDLs. Trans fats promote inflammation.

Diets high in trans fats increase blood LDL and triglyceride levels. Trans fats that are incorporated into LDL particles make the LDLs stick more easily to the artery walls. Trans fats tend to decrease HDLs. Trans fats promote inflammation.

Which of the following statements is FALSE? Fat replacers can be made from carbohydrate or protein or fat. Some fat replacers contribute calories to foods. Some reduced fat foods can be less healthful than the original full-fat food. Fat-free foods are calorie-free. Olestra, a fat replacer made from fatty acids, provides zero calories to the body.

Fat-free foods are calorie-free.

Which of the following FALSE about blood lipid panel? A lipid panel measures the level of total cholesterol, total triglycerides, HDLs, and LDLs in the blood. We must be fasted when our blood is drawn so that the measures reflect how the liver manages body lipid levels day-in and day-out. High levels of all 4 measures in the lipid panel indicated we are at a greater risk for CVD

High levels of all 4 measures in the lipid panel indicated we are at a greater risk for CVD

Which of the following is TRUE about the development of atherosclerosis? Check ALL that apply. Lipid build-up in the arteries starts with injury to the lining of the arteries. The inflammatory cells of the immune system come in to repair the injury. LDL particles get taken up by the immune cells and deposited in the lining of the arteries. Atherosclerosis can significantly narrow the opening through which blood can flow. Blood clots can form that are big enough to get caught in narrowed arteries and block of blood flow. When blood flow is blocked to the heart, this results in a heart attack. When blood flow to the brain is blocked, this is a stroke.

Lipid build-up in the arteries starts with injury to the lining of the arteries. The inflammatory cells of the immune system come in to repair the injury. LDL particles get taken up by the immune cells and deposited in the lining of the arteries. Atherosclerosis can significantly narrow the opening through which blood can flow. Blood clots can form that are big enough to get caught in narrowed arteries and block of blood flow. When blood flow is blocked to the heart, this results in a heart attack. When blood flow to the brain is blocked, this is a stroke.

Which of the following statements is TRUE. Because many hormones and other important biomolecules are made from cholesterol there is an RDA for cholesterol. A high intake of good dietary cholesterol, HDL, reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease. Processed foods can be high in cholesterol if they contain hydrogenated oils. Cholesterol is not an essential nutrient because it can be synthesized in the liver.

Processed foods can be high in cholesterol if they contain hydrogenated oils.

The definition of a functional food is a nutrient-dense food. a food modified to contain a substance or nutrient (naturally occurring or added) that confers health benefits beyond that of the traditional food. a new food that serves many different functions in the diet. These statements are all part of the definition of 'functional food'.

a food modified to contain a substance or nutrient (naturally occurring or added) that confers health benefits beyond that of the traditional food.

Which of the following foods contain(s) cholesterol? oatmeal coconut oil avocados beef both b and d contain cholesterol

beef

Which of the following can the body use to make most of the fatty acids it needs? Check ALL that apply. carbohydrate protein fat alcohol

carbohydrate protein fat alcohol