Unit 10- Multiple Choice

Humanistic psychologists may assess personality by a) asking a person to compare their ideal self to their actual self b) asking people to fill out lengthy questionnaires about their beliefs c) getting people to describe what they see in ambiguous inkbots d) having a person describe their dreams e) putting people in a stressful situation to see how they behave under pressure

a

In Brad Bushman and Roy Baumeister's research, how did people with unrealistically high self-esteem react when they were criticized? a. they were exceptionally aggressive b. Many were more receptive to the criticism c. some became easily depressed d. they quit the task without completing it e. Most worked harder to do better the next time

a

The Freudian concept of ego is best described as a) operating on the reality principle b) operating on the pleasure principle

a

Which of the following is an example of unconditional positive regard? a) Mr. and Mrs. Prohaska, who have been married for 37 years, credit the success of their marriage to the fact that each has been able to accept the faults of the other without criticism b) seven year old Michaela is only given her allowance when she does her chores c) Ms. Lopez, a second grade teacher, only gives smiley face stickers to students who sit quietly at their desks during math d) John got a promotion and a raise at work after filling in for a sick manager one day and doing a better job than the manager e) Chen's parents usually praise him when he does well and ignore him when he engages in minor misbehavior

a

Which term is defined as all the thoughts and feelings we have in response to the question, "Who am I?" a. Self-concept b. Ideal self c. Self-esteem d. Empathy e. Self-acceptance

a

Athletes who often privately credit their victories to their own abilities, and their losses to bad breaks, lousy officiating, or the other team's exceptional performance,are exhibiting which psychological concept? a. A low self-esteem b. The self-serving bias c. Pessimism d. The spotlight effect e. Incompetence

b

Someone from a collectivist culture is more likely to do what? a. Develop a strong sense of self b. Give priority to group goals c. Form casual, often temporary relationships d. Achieve personal goals e. Focus on how they are different from the group

b

According to Sigmund Freud, which of the following defense mechanisms buries threatening or upsetting events in the unconscious? a. Regression b. Displacement c. Repression d. Projection e. Rationalization

c

Children's TV-viewing habits (past behavior) influence their viewing preferences (internal personal factor), which influence how television (environmental factor) affects their current behavior. This is an example of a. spotlight effect b. learned helplessness c. reciprocal determinism d. the big 5 traits e. implicit learning

c

Ella was an aggressive child in middle school. In high school, she is a successful three-sport athlete because she channels her aggression into sports. Freud would suggest that this is due to the defense mechanism of a) repression b) reaction formation c) displacement d) projection e) regression

c

What did Carl Jung call the shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history? a) neurosis b) archetypes c) collective unconscious d) inferiority complex e) terror management

c

Which of the following theories offers a special focus on the potential for healthy personal growth? a. neo- freudian b. psychodynamic c. humanistic d. behavioral e. functionalist

c

Carly's therapist asks her to simply say what is on her mind rather than responding to specific questions or topics. Her therapist is making use of a technique known as a) the ego b) self efficacy c) sublimation d) free association e) identification

d

Critics of humanistic psychology have suggested that this theory fails to appreciate the reality of our human capacity for which of the following? a. Empathy b. Love c. Negativity d. Evil e. Laziness

d

. Albert Bandura proposed the social-cognitive perspective, which a. explains the nature-nurture debate. b. predicts human behavior. c. focuses on how our environment controls us. d. explains human motivation. e. emphasizes the interaction of our traits with our situations.

e

A question on the Minnesota Multiphasic PersonalityInventory (MMPI) such as "I get angry sometimes" isincluded to determine what about the test-taker? a. Whether the person has a personality disorder. b. If the person needs immediate help for angermanagement. c. If the person is more extraverted than introverted. d. Whether the person has a stronger id or superego. e. If the person is answering the questions truthfully

e

Elaine's friends know that she should never be trusted with a secret, as she will tell everyone almost immediately. Elaine, however, complains that her friends can't be trusted. Elaine is making use of the defense mechanism of a. rationalization b. regression c. displacement d. sublimation e. projection

e

Maslow and Rogers would explain that adolescents who are struggling to form their identity are seeking to discover their a) self transcendence b) self actualization c) self esteem d) self worth e) self concept

e

Poala and Julianna went to a baseball game and were shown on the center field screen. J was embarrassed bc she had mustard on he face. In reality nobody noticed a. self efficacy effect b. self serving bias c. self transcendent effect d. terror management theory e. spotlight effect

e

What do we call the process of fulfilling our potential? a) free association b) self efficacy c) unconditional positive regard d) self concept e) self actualization

e

Which term describes questionnaires that cover a wide range of feelings and behaviors and are designed to assess several traits? a. Factor analysis studies b. Peer reports c. Achievement tests d. Cognition tests e. Personality inventories

e