US History Chapter 11 Section 2

Draft Riots

in NYC - disease, over population and poverty - white workers did not want to fight a war to free slaves - feared blacks would steal their jobs killed 100 people - wealthy men and blacks

Lincoln's Actions Begin a Precedent

in times of war the powers of the Executive Branch are expanded - "national security"

Clement Vallandigham

most famous Copperhead - Ohio congressman tried for encouraging Union soldiers to desert and also for encouraging armistice

Emancipation of Slaves

ordered by Lincoln of army became weapon of war - not just moral issue

Lincoln Integrates Slavery into the War

slave labor supported Confederacy Lincoln decided that he could order the army to emancipate as many slaves as he wanted - if he could order them to steal supplies would make Britain not want to support Confederacy

The Trent Affair

Confederacy send 2 men on the Trent Captain Charles Wilkes on San Jacinto stops ship and imprisons the two men - British threaten war and send 8,000 to Canada - Lincoln makes peace by saying he did not order this

Confederacy Try to Win Favor of Britain

Confederacy sent James Mason and John Slidell to Britain and France - went on British ship: Trent

Britain Loses Need for South

Europe finds other source of cotton in India and Egypt - not need South European wheat crop fails - use North's corn and wheat

Dealing with Dissent

Lincoln suspends states' right of habeas corpus in respond to disloyalty to the Union 13,000 Confederacy sympathizers were arrested - most released quickly Supreme Court Chief Justice Roger Taney: - Lincoln went beyond his constitutional powers

Copperheads

Northern Democrats who advocated peace with the South - congressman Clement Vallandigham from Ohio

Confederacy Reaction to Proclamation

became more determined to fight Union

Habeas Corpus

court order that requires authorities to bring a person held in jail before the court to determine why they are being jailed

Emancipation Proclamation

did not immediately free slaves applied to only Confederate land - frees all slaves in land that is in rebellion not apply to slave states that had not seceded

Lincoln's View of Slavery

did not like slavery - did not think federal gov had power to abolish it wanted to solely save Union in the Civil War

Conscription

draft that forces certain members of the population to serve in the army

Confederate Conscription

drafted all able bodied white men between 17 and 50 - could hire substitutes - exempted plantation owners who owned 20 or more slaves - poor confederates not like

Union Conscription

drafted white men between 20 and 45 for 3 yrs - draftees could hire substitutes - commutation: paying $300 to avoid the draft most of Union army were volunteers

Effects of Emancipation Proclamation

free blacks could fight in the war very symbolic but not very practical not all of North liked: Democrats said would prolong war; soldiers just want unity

Horace Greeley

urged Lincoln to make the war into an abolitionist crusade