us history final
The expansion of the rail networks led to -a growth in the steel industry. -a growth in the textile industry. -a decline in the coal industry. -a decline in the meatpacking industry.
a growth in the steel industry.
Under New Deal reforms, the biggest change to the traditional role of the federal government was -a higher degree of government regulation of business and the economy. -a lower degree of government regulation of business and the economy. -decreased government support for private/public partnerships. -increased government support of laissez-faire capitalism.
a higher degree of government regulation of business and the economy.
Which best explains how railroad companies were able to standardize their timetables in 1883? -by combining into a single railway company -by working together voluntarily -by unionizing their labor forces -by complying with federal legislation
by working together voluntarily
Which of the following was the first public movement in which American women took leadership roles? -the temperance movement -the abolition movement -the suffrage movement -the property rights movement
the abolition movement
Year: #of settlement houses 1900 100 1910. 400 Which conclusion does the chart support? -Acculturation and Americanization programs began offering new services between 1900 and 1910. -Acculturation and Americanization programs attracted the same number of people between 1900 and 1910. -Acculturation and Americanization programs became more popular between 1900 and 1910. -Acculturation and Americanization programs became less popular between 1900 and 1910.
Acculturation and Americanization programs became more popular between 1900 and 1910.
Which statement best describes the social and political costs of building a large courthouse instead of a small one? -Building a large courthouse may take longer, and judicial officials will be displeased by the delay. -Building a large courthouse may cost more, and voters will be upset by having to pay higher taxes. -Building a large courthouse may take longer, and voters could become dissatisfied. -Building a large courthouse may take longer, but voters will respect the attempt to create a better building.
Building a large courthouse may take longer, and voters could become dissatisfied.
What made Standard Oil a horizontal integration monopoly? -It controlled all aspects of oil production. -It owned ninety percent of US oil refineries. -It formed a trust. -It operated all across the United States.
It owned ninety percent of US oil refineries.
Two women who were writers during the in the 1920s were -Willa Cather and Clara Bow. -Edith Wharton and Willa Cather. -Edith Wharton and Margaret Sanger. -Clara Bow and Edith Wharton.
Edith Wharton and Willa Cather.
Which of the following became common after the 1933 National Industry Recovery Act was no longer in effect? -Union members interrogated and blacklisted employers. -Employers had problems finding workers because of low pay. -Union members pressured employers for higher pay. -Employers interrogated and blacklisted union members.
Employers interrogated and blacklisted union members.
What was the main reason that Carnegie invested in the Frick Coke Company? -He wanted to invest in new technology. -He thought he could help the company become profitable. -He wanted to make sure he could always get fuel for his steel plant. -He was interested in the coal business.
He wanted to make sure he could always get fuel for his steel plant.
Which occurred after African American jazz musicians migrated north? -Jazz music spread throughout the US. -Jazz music spread only in major cities. -Jazz music played only in the South. -Jazz music lost popularity in the South.
Jazz music spread throughout the US.
Which of the following best shows the broad scope of Thomas Edison's work? -His name was on more than 1,000 patents. -He became famous during his own lifetime. -He was a self-taught inventor. -He is still well known today.
His name was on more than 1,000 patents.
Which business practice did Rockefeller repeatedly use that helped him succeed in building his oil monopoly? -In all his businesses, Rockefeller made sure that he controlled all aspects of production. -With every purchase of a refinery, Rockefeller would add new products to his business. -In all his businesses, Rockefeller made a profit and used it to expand or buy other businesses. -With every business Rockefeller bought, he would learn about it, sell it at a profit, and buy another business.
In all his businesses, Rockefeller made a profit and used it to expand or buy other businesses.
During which decade did transcontinental rail service begin in the United States? -1850-1860 -1860-1870 -1870-1880 -1880-1890
1860-1870
The Transcontinental Railroad was completed in -1835. -1859. -1869. -1888.
1869.
In what year was the Women's Christian Temperance Union formed? -1859 -1870 -1874 -1910
1874
Which statement best describes a feasible question? -A feasible question is connected to a particular goal. -A feasible question relates to the topic at hand. -A feasible question is interesting, unusual, or unique. -A feasible question can be studied and investigated.
A feasible question can be studied and investigated.
Which is a reason people were open to new inventions during the Industrial Age? -New inventions were accessible to all people. -New inventions made life slower and more relaxed. -New inventions made people more isolated from one another. -New inventions made life easier for many people.
New inventions made life easier for many people.
Which best describes what people could buy on credit in the 1920s? -People could buy only expensive goods, such as cars. -People could buy stocks and goods from most stores. -People could not buy stocks but could buy expensive items. -People could buy only essential goods from limited stores.
People could buy stocks and goods from most stores.
How were the results of the Big Stick policy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy similar in Latin America? -People in Latin America welcomed the increase in US investments. -People in Latin America worked to create democracies in their countries. -People in Latin America were angry at US actions. -People in Latin America hoped the US would continue helping their governments.
People in Latin America were angry at US actions.
Compared with "new" immigrants in the 1800s who tended to be Catholic or Jewish, most "old" immigrants were primarily -Catholic. -Jewish. -Protestant. -Quaker.
Protestant.
How did the sinking of the Lusitania in 1915 affect World War I? -The United States immediately declared war on Germany. -Germany continued its policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. -Many Americans demanded that the United States enter the war. -The United States began a policy of unrestricted submarine warfare.
Many Americans demanded that the United States enter the war.
Which statement is true about the relationship between a monopoly and its competition in a market? -Monopolies are formed when they buy out their competition in a market. -Monopolies thrive when they have competition. -Competition in the market ensures that monopolies charge fair prices. -Competition in the market helps monopolies to develop.
Monopolies are formed when they buy out their competition in a market.
How do monopolies affect the price of goods? -Monopolies always result in lower consumer prices. -Monopolies can lower and raise their prices at will. -Monopolies always result in higher consumer prices. -Monopolies have no effect on the cost of goods.
Monopolies can lower and raise their prices at will.
What was one major effect of industrialization on American society? -More people received free higher education. -More people received health care and benefits. -More people took up family farming. -More people moved to urban areas.
More people moved to urban areas.
Why did rebels in the Philippines fight against the United States after Spain lost the Spanish-American War? -The rebels were fighting for their independence because the United States did not give it to them. -The rebels wanted to become allies with China rather than with the United States. -The rebels hoped to take over the large plantations owned by US companies. -The rebels were upset because the United States would not allow them to practice their native religions.
The rebels were fighting for their independence because the United States did not give it to them.
In what main way did steam-powered warships and merchant ships affect empire building in the 1800s? -The ships gave imperialist nations more naval power. -The ships gave imperialist nations greater military power. -The ships required far-flung bases for refueling and resupply. -The ships required industrial know-how to design and build.
The ships required far-flung bases for refueling and resupply.
In what way was communication by telegraph an improvement over communication by mail carriage? -The telegraph allowed instant communication over long distances. -The telegraph used Morse code. -The telegraph let messages be delivered in days instead of weeks. -The telegraph carried the sounds of people's voices.
The telegraph allowed instant communication over long distances.
How was the telephone different from the telegraph? -The telephone allowed for instant communication over a distance. -The telephone allowed for voice communication over a distance. -The telephone was generally used only in offices. -The telephone was generally used only by trained operators.
The telephone allowed for voice communication over a distance.
Most opposition to New Deal programs came from -farmers and the unemployed. -supporters of business regulation. -Republicans and conservative Democrats. -politicians opposed to business competition.
Republicans and conservative Democrats.
The main reason the US Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles was because -isolationists felt the US should not have gotten into the war. -Republicans had gained power in the Senate. -Democrats had gained power in the Senate. -European nations wanted to punish Germany.
Republicans had gained power in the Senate.
Why did President Theodore Roosevelt use the Roosevelt Corollary in the Dominican Republic? -Roosevelt did not want the Dominican Republic to attack Haiti. -Roosevelt was afraid American businesses would lose money if there was a revolution in the Dominican Republic. -Roosevelt was afraid European countries would take action against the Dominican Republic if it did not pay its debts. -Roosevelt needed to have military bases in the Dominican Republic to protect the Panama Canal.
Roosevelt was afraid European countries would take action against the Dominican Republic if it did not pay its debts.
Which best states how the Scopes trial ended? -Scopes changed his plea to not guilty, and won the case. -Scopes lost and appealed to the Tennessee Supreme Court. -Scopes changed his plea to guilty, and was convicted. -Scopes lost and appealed to the US Supreme Court.
Scopes changed his plea to guilty, and was convicted.
Which of the following did Emma Hart Willard accomplish in 1826? -She persuaded Oberlin College to admit women. -She persuaded the courts to legalize contraception. -She organized the Seneca Falls Convention. -She founded the first all-girls high school in the US.
She founded the first all-girls high school in the US.
How did the Allies undermine the acceptance of the Fourteen Points? -They perpetrated attacks on the open seas. -They continued secret deals and military alliances. -They refused to meet with President Wilson. -They forced Germany to dismantle its armed forces.
They continued secret deals and military alliances.
Which is true about the "lost generation"? -They thought life was too short not to have fun. -They tried to win favor with the wealthy but became poor. -They did not think the lifestyle of the 1920s was desirable. -They were trying to find a country that would welcome them.
They did not think the lifestyle of the 1920s was desirable.
Why did farmers in the 1930s often fall behind on their tax payments? -They had very little money. -They needed equipment and seed. -They had to pay high taxes. -They were not required to pay taxes
They had very little money.
Why was the Cleveland Massacre significant in the formation of Standard Oil? -Standard Oil significantly improved its business practices after the Cleveland Massacre. -Standard Oil was bought out by other Cleveland companies after the Massacre. -Standard Oil closed down after the Cleveland Massacre. -Standard Oil became a monopoly in the Cleveland oil market after the Massacre.
Standard Oil became a monopoly in the Cleveland oil market after the Massacre.
Why did Franklin Roosevelt's Federal Emergency Relief Administration give grants to states, even though it cost more than giving money to individuals? -It was easier for the federal government to let individual states distribute the grants to individuals. -It was easier to identify impoverished states than it was to identify impoverished individuals. -States used the money to create jobs, which was better for morale than simply receiving money. -States could use part of the money to pay state officials and pass the rest to individuals.
States used the money to create jobs, which was better for morale than simply receiving money.
Which best describes the legislative setbacks Franklin Roosevelt encountered during his first two terms? -Supreme Court rejection of the Social Security Act and the Tennessee Valley Authority -Congressional rejection of National Recovery Administration and other New Deal programs -Supreme Court rejection of the Agricultural Adjustment Administration and the Wagner Act -Supreme Court rejection of several New Deal programs and congressional rejection of the judicial reform bill
Supreme Court rejection of several New Deal programs and congressional rejection of the judicial reform bill
Why did supporters of manifest destiny argue that US expansionism was not imperialism? -The United States already had interests in its expansion areas. -The United States had no plans to overthrow existing governments. -The United States believed expansion would benefit other countries, not exploit them. -The United States deserved more territory as a democratic, Christian nation.
The United States believed expansion would benefit other countries, not exploit them.
What is the main reason that the American public turned against monopolies? -They saw the price of goods rise as their wages decreased. -They saw the price of goods rise as their wages increased. -They resented the wealth of the big business owners. -They were concerned about smaller businesses.
They saw the price of goods rise as their wages decreased.
What impact did the expansion of railroads in the West have on the American Indians who lived there? -They were displaced from their tribal lands. -They moved into towns and lived among the new settlers. -They stopped farming and took jobs in factories. -They were forced to move to Mexico.
They were displaced from their tribal lands.
The Cleveland Massacre was -a takeover by Standard Oil of the refineries in Cleveland. -a labor dispute at Standard Oil in Cleveland that turned violent. -an attempt to stop Standard Oil from becoming a monopoly. -a failed attempt by Standard Oil to take over other refineries.
a takeover by Standard Oil of the refineries in Cleveland.
Which is an invention that improved safety for railway passengers? -refrigerated rail cars -Pullman sleeping cars -time standardization -air brakes
air brakes
In the early 1800s, Chinese immigrants established the first Chinatowns in cities -along the western coast of the US. -along the eastern coast of the US. -in the midwestern US. -in the southern US.
along the western coast of the US.
Which social effect may result from adding healthier options to a school lunch program? -angering school leaders who will have to pay more for the program -angering students because of the loss of familiar choices -helping the school board president's chances of being reelected -hurting the school board president's chances of being reelected
angering students because of the loss of familiar choices
How did countries throughout the world view the United States after the Spanish-American War? -as a power only in the Americas -as a trading nation with little military strength -as a weak nation that needed to strengthen its navy -as a major power with worldwide military strength
as a major power with worldwide military strength
President Wilson based the idea for the League of Nations on his strong belief in -promoting economic growth and development. -protecting the rights of all nations. -facilitating free-trade agreements. -encouraging nations to use war to solve disputes.
protecting the rights of all nations.
Which type of technology did city planners adopt during the Industrial Age in an attempt to meet the needs of commuters? -communications technology -horse-and-carriage technology -railroad technology -automobile technology
railroad technology
The expansion of the railroad directly led to economic growth in the US because -railroads increased competition between different industries. -railroads allowed company owners to travel all over the country. -railroads made resources and products easier to transport. -railroads led to increased prices of newly available products and resources.
railroads made resources and products easier to transport.
The economy of the Gilded Age was characterized by -economic growth and high unemployment among unskilled workers. -rapid economic growth and social change. -a deep recession in which high unemployment fueled massive and rebellious social change. -slow economic growth and high unemployment among the middle class.
rapid economic growth and social change.
The building of a railroad network led to industrial growth because -raw materials and finished products were shipped quickly and cheaply. -finished products were shipped quickly to rural Canada. -finished products were shipped quickly and cheaply to factories. -raw materials were shipped quickly and cheaply to consumers.
raw materials and finished products were shipped quickly and cheaply.
What was the core business that made Standard Oil a horizontally i-integrated monopoly? -finding new uses for oil -refining oil -building oil pipelines -transporting oil to customers
refining oil
Why did a provision of the Interstate Commerce Act require railroads to make their rates public? -so that railroad employees did not have to remember the rates -so that railroad companies couldn't unfairly charge different rates -so that railroads could operate more quickly and efficiently -so that different railroad companies would know what to charge
so that railroad companies couldn't unfairly charge different rates
The Progressive movement of the 1800s promoted -big business and minimal government involvement. -social, economic, and political reforms. -business trusts and monopolies. -industrialization, urbanization, and government deregulation.
social, economic, and political reforms.
The income divide and excesses of the rich during the Gilded Age caused -workers to abandon labor unions. -some people to stop working at factories. -workers to seek education to get better jobs. -some people to work for economic and social reform.
some people to work for economic and social reform.
Liberal leaders wanted to change New Deal programs by -making them smaller and less expensive. -making the states responsible for them. -lowering the taxes that funded them. -building on and expanding them.
building on and expanding them.
How did the Supreme Court frustrate Roosevelt's New Deal legislation? -by declaring some of it unconstitutional -by sending it back to Congress -by suggesting a judicial reform bill -by upholding the Tennessee Valley Authority
by declaring some of it unconstitutional
How did the WPA support the arts in the 1930s? -by passing the National Industry Recovery Act -by establishing the Federal One program -by passing the Wagner Act -by establishing the Social Security Act
by establishing the Federal One program
How did Theodore Roosevelt's Square Deal help the environment? -by ending federal irrigation projects -by preserving the nation's forests -by clearing and developing land -by limiting working hours
by preserving the nation's forests
What was one way Progressives wanted to protect the rights of children? -by increasing their freedom -by eliminating child labor -by decreasing school hours -by restricting child labor
by restricting child labor
The first step in understanding the costs and benefits of a decision is -identifying possible outcomes. -determining all costs and benefits. -identifying possible benefits. -calculating the costs of all options.
calculating the costs of all options.
During World War I, the increase in home gardens was an example of which of the following? -campaigns to overcome shortages caused by ships being sunk -civilian efforts to aid the war effort in practical ways -war-industry strategies meant to lower production costs -farmers' marketing campaigns focused on increasing profits
civilian efforts to aid the war effort in practical ways
What business practice contributed most to Andrew Carnegie's ability to form a monopoly? -using profits to support charities in order to greatly improving his reputation -increasing his profits every year -focusing on a single aspect of steel production -combining his companies into one company, and controlling all aspects of steel production
combining his companies into one company, and controlling all aspects of steel production
President Taft's use of Dollar Diplomacy in Nicaragua and China showed that American foreign policy: -could not focus only on business and economics. -should concentrate on using American money in all business deals. -needed to offer enough money to support each country's military. -should not encourage American businesses to invest in foreign projects.
could not focus only on business and economics.
The WPA helped the economy by -building skyscrapers. -creating jobs. -creating pensions. -helping union workers.
creating jobs.
Imperialist nations in the 1800s believed that having many colonies -served a purely economic purpose. -was more expensive than it was worth. -demonstrated their superior power. -hindered their military forces.
demonstrated their superior power.
Over time, many liberals became concerned that Roosevelt's New Deal programs -provided too many healthcare benefits. -would be stopped by Roosevelt after reelection. -did not provide enough economic opportunity. -took too much power from individual states.
did not provide enough economic opportunity.
Trench warfare led to stalemates during World War I by making it -difficult for attacks to succeed. -easy to attack the enemy. -difficult for soldiers to fight. -easy for soldiers to fight.
difficult for attacks to succeed.
A majority of Californians reacted to Dust Bowl migrants by -discriminating against migrants. -creating enough jobs for migrants. -offering high wages to migrants. -giving jobs to people who were not migrants.
discriminating against migrants.
A government is laissez-faire when it -fairly regulates workers. -fairly regulates businesses. -does not interfere with business affairs and does not regulate its actions. -leaves workers alone and doesn't regulate unions.
does not interfere with business affairs and does not regulate its actions.
Industrialization resulted in what changes to American society? -economic growth and increased urbanization -immigration and an increase in workers' benefits -the growth of public education and urbanization -increased opportunities for skilled workers and women's equality
economic growth and increased urbanization
The Second Industrial Revolution in the United States lasted from the -end of the American Revolution to 1800. -end of the Civil War to 1800. -end of the Civil War to 1900. -end of the American Revolution to 1865.
end of the Civil War to 1900.
In the 1920s, many rural banks failed because -banks had speculated in stocks. -farmers could not repay their loans. -the stock market surged. -consumer demand for goods decreased.
farmers could not repay their loans.
Many tenement apartments in the early 1900s had -few windows and poor ventilation. -garbage collection and sewer systems. -indoor plumbing and hot water. -safety features and fire protection.
few windows and poor ventilation.
The 1933 National Industry Recovery Act -created the Works Progress Administration. -gave employees the right to bargain collectively. -effectively ended the Great Depression. -created jobs for writers, musicians, and artists.
gave employees the right to bargain collectively.
The Works Progress Administration stimulated manufacturing by -providing people with retirement income. -giving workers the right to organize and strike. -giving workers increased purchasing power. -encouraging artistic creativity.
giving workers increased purchasing power.
Before running for president in 1932, Franklin D. Roosevelt -had no previous experience in government. -had been vice president under Herbert Hoover. -had been governor of the state of New York. -had helped Hoover balance the federal budget.
had been governor of the state of New York.
A pull factor that caused African Americans to migrate north in the early 1900s was -Jim Crow laws. -guaranteed jobs. -higher wages. -integration.
higher wages.
By instituting government oversight on banks and investments, Franklin Roosevelt -reinforced the policies of Herbert Hoover. -hoped to create jobs and get reelected. -prompted Americans to take their money out of banks. -hoped to avoid another stock market crash.
hoped to avoid another stock market crash.
Railroads not only led to an increase in the ability to transport raw materials, but they also led to a(n) -decrease in the need for raw materials. -increase in the demand for raw materials. -decrease in the uses of raw materials. -increase in the types of raw materials found in the United States.
increase in the demand for raw materials.
As governor of Louisiana, Huey Long -dismissed New Deal programs and promoted his own. -increased taxes on the wealthiest residents of his state. -signed the Conservative Manifesto to undo the New Deal. -became a very unpopular political figure nationally.
increased taxes on the wealthiest residents of his state.
Before the Social Security Act was passed, limited government assistance existed in the form of -pensions granted by businesses. -government-supported charities. -pensions for people over 60. -individual state programs.
individual state programs.
Which of these innovations was made possible by Alexander Graham Bell? -instant communication over distance through the written word -instant communication between trains -instant communication over distance through speech -instant communication using a special code
instant communication over distance through speech
What industry was most affected by the refrigerated railcar? -meatpacking -textile -farming -steel-making
meatpacking
An argument made by anti-imperialists in the late 1800s was that the US -should force other countries to be free. -might have to go to war over distant territories. -should force other countries to adopt its culture. -should not get involved in the politics of other countries
might have to go to war over distant territories.
Which of the following did Townsend advocate for and include in the Social Security Act of 1935? -financial assistance for people with physical disabilities -the creation of a sales tax to fund stipends of retirees -monthly financial assistance for retired Americans -requirements for the spending of stipends within the US
monthly financial assistance for retired Americans
During the early 1900s, which of the following movements created tension in Europe? -isolationism -nationalism -spiritualism -internationalism
nationalism
During the Gilded Age, a factory worker who was injured while working generally received -pay and some health benefits. -a leave of absence with decreased pay. -no pay but a promise that the job would be held for the worker. -neither pay nor health benefits.
neither pay nor health benefits.
When the USS Maine sank, most Americans blamed -the ship's captain. -the Spanish government. -the American navy. -the Cuban government.
the Spanish government.
Which of the following oversaw the Federal One project in the 1930s? -the Social Security Administration -the National Labor Relations Board -the Federal Writers Project -the Works Progress Administration
the Works Progress Administration
Which of these inventions arose from an attempt to help hearing-impaired people? -the multiplex telegraph -the telephone -the phonograph -the motion-picture machine
the telephone
What method of manufacturing, introduced in the early 1800s, made mass production possible? -the use of interchangeable parts -the use of hand-crafted products -the use of specialized labor -the use of expensive materials
the use of interchangeable parts
How did the Second New Deal create a legal process to oversee the process of union certification? -through the passage of the 1935 National Labor Relations Act -through the passage of the 1935 Social Security Act -through the establishment of the Works Progress Administration -through the establishment of the Federal Writers Project
through the passage of the 1935 National Labor Relations Act
What was Upton Sinclair's main purpose in writing The Jungle? -to promote the socialist views that he adopted as an adult -to explain why journalists had an obligation to tell the truth -to arouse public sympathy for slaughterhouse workers -to prompt Congress to pass food-safety laws
to arouse public sympathy for slaughterhouse workers
Which of the following best describes why settlement houses offered to help immigrants learn to cook specific kinds of food? -to encourage them to assimilate into American culture -to help them provide for their families -to follow the social gospel -to help them retain their native culture
to encourage them to assimilate into American culture
Which best describes Carrie Chapman Catt's "Winning Plan" to achieve national women's suffrage? -to demand a constitutional amendment instead of campaigning for suffrage in individual states -to campaign strongly for women's suffrage on the state level instead of lobbying Congress to pass a constitutional amendment -to win women's suffrage in as many states as possible while campaigning Congress to pass a constitutional amendment -to amend the US Constitution to grant women suffrage and then establish it in individual states
to win women's suffrage in as many states as possible while campaigning Congress to pass a constitutional amendment
Many people who immigrated to the United States during the Gilded Age moved to -farming communities, where they established their own farms. -rural Southern areas, where they opened businesses. -Western areas, where they managed cattle ranches. -urban areas, where they worked in factories.
urban areas, where they worked in factories.
A process that directly describes the growth of cities is -segregation. -urbanization. -industrialization. -commercialization.
urbanization.
In the system of mass production, unskilled workers -were hired to tend to machines and were paid more than skilled workers. -were hired to help skilled workers and were paid more than skilled workers. -were hired to tend to machines and were paid less than skilled workers. -were hired to assist skilled workers and were paid the same as skilled workers.
were hired to tend to machines and were paid less than skilled workers.
In 1933, the Supreme Court struck down the National Industry Recovery Act, leaving workers -with a variety of New Deal legislation to protect their rights. -free to organize union activities without interference from employers. -with no legal protection from unfair employment practices. -without anyone in the government looking out for their interests.
with no legal protection from unfair employment practices.
Which industry benefited most from the Bessemer process? -petroleum -coal -steel -meatpacking
steel
In 1925, John Scopes broke a state law in Tennessee called the Butler Act, which outlawed -teaching about religion. -teaching about evolution. -teaching about Prohibition. -teaching about creationism.
teaching about evolution.
Read the quote from Franklin Roosevelt's speech accepting the Democratic nomination for president."Out of every crisis, every tribulation, every disaster, mankind rises with some share of greater knowledge, of higher decency, of purer purpose."Which best explains what Roosevelt is promising the nation? -that he will offer financial assistance to citizens to help repair the economy -that he will keep the unemployed from placing burdens on the employed -that he will lead the nation out of its current state and help America grow stronger -that he will balance the federal budget by raising taxes on businesses
that he will lead the nation out of its current state and help America grow stronger
A criticism of the Works Progress Administration's creation of artistic and infrastructure jobs was -that Roosevelt was enacting a second New Deal. -that Roosevelt was treating the wealthy unfairly. -that the program gave too much power to the government. -that the program took too much power from the government.
that the program gave too much power to the government.
Which of the following had the greatest influence on how Germany was treated after World War I? -President Wilson's desire to form the League of Nations -Germany's desire for reasonable conditions of surrender and fair treatment -Europe's desire to maintain original pre-war borders -the Allies' desire to seek retribution for Germany's actions
the Allies' desire to seek retribution for Germany's actions
During the New Deal era, which demanded respect for states' rights? -the Share-the-Wealth Program -the National Recovery Administration -the Conservative Manifesto -the Tennessee Valley Authority
the Conservative Manifesto
New Deal regulation of the banking industry resulted in the creation of -the National Recovery Administration. -the Civilian Conservation Corps. -the Public Works Administration. -the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation.
Which New Deal program was struck down because it regulated commerce improperly? -the Social Security Act -the Tennessee Valley Authority -the National Recovery Administration -the Agricultural Adjustment Administration
the National Recovery Administration
Which of the following reforms in the Second New Deal helped millions of retired Americans with financial difficulties? -the Works Progress Administration -the National Industry Recovery Act of 1933 -the Social Security Act of 1935 -the National Labor Relations Board
the Social Security Act of 1935
Which best explains what weakened the stock market in the late 1920s? -Consumers used cash for goods. -Speculators bought on margin. -Farmers underproduced crops. -Manufacturers increased prices.
Speculators bought on margin.
The economy grew more quickly during the Gilded Age than at any other time in US history. Two factors that caused this growth were -a great increase in steel production and a repeal of taxes. -a repeal of taxes and a decrease in the value of manufactured goods. -a great increase in steel production and an increase in the value of manufactured goods. -a great increase in steel production and a decrease in the value of manufactured goods.
a great increase in steel production and an increase in the value of manufactured goods.
What helped immigrants in the 1800s and early 1900s retain their cultures? -adopting American traditions -living in enclaves -fleeing religious persecution -avoiding discrimination
living in enclaves
Which list states the correct order of the findings of three investigations of the Maine sinking? -1) There was a mine outside the ship.2) There was an explosion at the back.3) There was a coal fire on board. -1) There was a bomb inside the ship.2) There was a mine outside the ship.3) There was an explosion at the back. -1) There were spies on board the ship.2) There was a mine outside the ship.3) There was an explosion at the back. -1) There was a bomb inside the ship.2) There was a mine outside the ship.3) There were spies onboard the ship.
1) There was a mine outside the ship.2) There was an explosion at the back.3) There was a coal fire on board.
How did F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby reflect the culture of the 1920s? -Its characters showed little regard for morals. -Its characters were determined to become wealthy. -Its characters suffered from trauma after the war. -Its characters tested new social and political freedoms.
its characters showed little regard for morals.
The main reason people moved to cities during the Gilded Age was -to get jobs in factories and corporate headquarters. -to enable their children to attend universities there. -to discover and create new technologies. -to enjoy different cultural events.
to get jobs in factories and corporate headquarters.
How did the efforts of Jane Addams differ from the efforts of Lincoln Steffens? -Addams worked to preach social justice; Steffens worked to help the less fortunate. -Addams worked to help the less fortunate; Steffens worked to preach social justice. -Addams worked to help immigrants; Steffens worked to reform the government. -Addams worked to reform the government; Steffens worked to help immigrants.
Addams worked to help immigrants; Steffens worked to reform the government.
Read the sentences.Canal systems connected Eastern factories with Western markets.Two of these were the Eerie system and the Pennsylvania chain.The railroads followed similar routes.Which of the following best combines the sentences into one clear and engaging sentence? -Canal systems and railroads connected Eastern factories with Western markets, two of which were the Eerie system and the Pennsylvania chain. -Canal systems and railroads, like the Eerie and Pennsylvania chains, connected Eastern factories with Western markets. -The Eerie system and the Pennsylvania chain are examples of types of transportation, like canals and railroads, that connected Eastern factories and Western markets. -Canal systems, like the Eerie system and the Pennsylvania chain, connected Eastern factories with Western markets, and so did railroads.
Canal systems, like the Eerie system and the Pennsylvania chain, connected Eastern factories with Western markets, and so did railroads.
Which company was a monopoly during the Gilded Age? -Microsoft -AT&T -Allegheny Steel -Carnegie Steel
Carnegie Steel
Why was Carnegie Steel able to offer its product more cheaply than its competitors? -Carnegie introduced the Bessemer process, which decreased the cost of production. -Carnegie cut corners in his production, lowering his costs. -Carnegie could cut his costs because he owned the supply of raw materials and the means of production and distribution. -Carnegie made an inferior product, so it was less expensive to produce.
Carnegie could cut his costs because he owned the supply of raw materials and the means of production and distribution.
Which of the following characterizes child labor in the 1800s? -Children who worked hard had the opportunity to get promoted. -Children performed physical labor after school each day. -Children performed physical labor for long hours each day. -Children had the opportunity to learn trade skills at work.
Children performed physical labor for long hours each day.
Which was a result of the Great Depression? -Farmers paid off their debt. -Commercial farms grew. -Crops failed in the Great Plains. -Crop prices increased.
Commercial farms grew.
Which best describes a development that improved railroad safety? -Railroads adopted standard time to coordinate schedules. -Railroads offered fold-down beds so that people could sleep more comfortably. -Companies standardized track technology so that they could use each other's tracks. -Companies replaced hand-operated brakes with air brakes on trains.
Companies replaced hand-operated brakes with air brakes on trains.
During the Gilded Age, how did the US Congress act to regulate business practices? -Congress passed laws that supported laissez-faire policies to help businesses grow. -Congress was concerned about workers, so they passed laws that guaranteed a minimum wage. -Congress did not pass laws that would control the growth of monopolies. -Congress passed laws that ensured workplace safety.
Congress did not pass laws that would control the growth of monopolies.
What led to the increased popularity of automobiles? -Ford's use of skilled labor to make each car one at a time -Ford's decision to make cars more expensive -Ford's invention of the assembly line -Ford's revolutionary use of the assembly line
Ford's revolutionary use of the assembly line
Which strengthened conservative opposition to the New Deal in 1937? -Franklin Roosevelt balanced the budget while lowering taxes. -Franklin Roosevelt became a fiscal conservative. -Franklin Roosevelt reinstated several government programs.. -Franklin Roosevelt increased the number of Supreme Court justices.
Franklin Roosevelt reinstated several government programs..
Which best describes how Calvin Coolidge's presidency was different from Warren G. Harding's presidency? -It had several bribery scandals. -It had several investment scandals. -It had several oil scandals. -It had no major scandals.
It had no major scandals.
How was Rockefeller able to build his monopoly across the oil industry? -He found newer and cheaper ways to refine oil, increasing his profits. -He confined his business to Ohio so he could buy all the refineries there. -He bought up oil refineries, cut costs, and reinvested his profits in other refineries. -He began to sell kerosene as well as oil, expanding his market.
He bought up oil refineries, cut costs, and reinvested his profits in other refineries.
How did Granville Woods improve the telegraph? -He made it possible for the telegraph to transmit speech. -He made it easier for ordinary, untrained people to operate the telegraph. -He made it possible for moving trains to have telegraphs. -He made the telegraph easier to carry around.
He made it possible for moving trains to have telegraphs.
Why did Francis Townsend advocate federal support for retired Americans in the 1930s? -He lost his fortune due to New Deal reforms. -He pitied people who did not have pensions. -He was forced to retire by younger workers. -He retired with only $100 saved.
He retired with only $100 saved.
How did 1936 Republican presidential candidate Alf Landon react to the New Deal? -He supported the New Deal's labor policies. -He disagreed with the New Deal's social policies. -He disagreed with all policies of the New Deal. -He supported parts of the New Deal.
He supported parts of the New Deal.
How did the Bessemer process contribute to the development of Carnegie's monopoly? -It allowed Carnegie to produce higher quality steel more quickly, which increased demand. -It made transportation of steel faster and more efficient, lowering Carnegie's costs. -It allowed Carnegie to cut his cost of labor, increasing his profits. -It allowed Carnegie to replace coal as a fuel supply, cutting his costs.
It allowed Carnegie to produce higher quality steel more quickly, which increased demand.
How much did the government regulate business practices during the Gilded Age? -It strictly regulated the railroad industry, but left other businesses alone. -It regulated the steel industry and the railroad industry, but no other businesses. -It strictly regulated all businesses. -It barely regulated businesses at all.
It barely regulated businesses at all.
What effect did the sinking of the Lusitania in 1915 have on American public opinion of Germany? -It caused public opinion toward the Germans to remain unchanged. -It caused public opinion to turn in favor of the Germans. -It caused public opinion to turn against the Germans even more. -It caused public opinion to remain unchanged at first, but then favor the Germans.
It caused public opinion to turn against the Germans even more.
How did the development of the Bessemer process affect the growth of cities? -It enabled the mass production of steel, which was used to build new factories. -It enabled the mass production of steel, which was used to build new universities. -It led to the invention of electricity, which supported expanding factories. -It led to the invention of the telegraph, which made business communications more efficient.
It enabled the mass production of steel, which was used to build new factories.
How did the growth of the railroads affect supply and demand for natural resources in the United States? -The growth of the railroads decreased the supply of natural resources. -The growth of the railroads decreased the demand for natural resources. -The growth of the railroads increased the demand for natural resources. -The growth of the railroads had no effect on the supply of natural resources.
The growth of the railroads increased the demand for natural resources.
How did the diversity of the US population discourage US leaders from entering World War I? -The population included only a few immigrants from both sides of the conflict. -The population did not have enough skilled workers to support a war effort. -The population included many immigrants from both sides of the conflict. -The population consisted of immigrants from Latin America who were not interested in the European conflict.
The population included many immigrants from both sides of the conflict.
What effect did the construction of the transcontinental railroad have on coast-to-coast communication? -The railroad made coast-to-coast communication instantaneous. -The railroad reduced coast-to-coast communication time from about a week to about a day. -The railroad reduced coast-to-coast communication time from about 180 days to about a week. -The railroad made coast-to-coast communication more complicated.
The railroad reduced coast-to-coast communication time from about 180 days to about a week.
Which of these inventors most directly contributed to changing the way people functioned during the evening? -Thomas Alva Edison -Alexander Graham Bell -Madam C. J. Walker -Samuel Morse
Thomas Alva Edison
How did railroad expansion affect the growth of major urban centers? -New networks were built in the rural West. -Traveling to and from cities became easier. -Traveling between the North and the South became easier. -New networks linked Canadian and US cities.
Traveling to and from cities became easier.
Which of the following best describes Booker T. Washington? -a civil rights leader who was born into slavery and later worked to achieve racial equality -a civil rights leader who was born into slavery and later worked to abolish it -a civil rights leader who founded a university and was later elected to political office -a civil rights leader who was arrested for violating Jim Crow laws and later challenged them in court
a civil rights leader who was born into slavery and later worked to achieve racial equality
I was enclosing my letter in its envelope when the explosion came. It was a bursting, rending, and crashing sound or roar of immense volume, largely metallic in character. . . . The electric lights, of which there were eight in the cabin where I was sitting, went out. Then there was intense blackness and smoke. Read Captain Charles D. Sigsbee's account of the sinking of the USS Maine, given in 1899. This is a reliable source mainly because -it is dated 1899, which was only a year after the ship's sinking. -it is based on secondhand information about the Maine sinking. -it appeared in a fictional story about the sinking of the Maine. -it was written by a person who was on board during the sinking.
it was written by a person who was on board during the sinking.
In response to the Supreme Court's treatment of New Deal programs, President Roosevelt proposed the -Wagner Act. -Social Security Act. -Share-the-Wealth Program. -judicial reform bill.
judicial reform bill.
Which three factors transformed industry during the Gilded Age? -new technology, government investments in business, and new business practices -new business practices, new technology, and the expansion of railroads -immigration, government investments in business, and the expansion of railroads -the expansion of railroads, new technology, and the government's repeal of taxes
new business practices, new technology, and the expansion of railroads
In addition to giving retirees money, Social Security was intended to directly stimulate the economy by -requiring employers to pay a new tax. -opening up jobs for younger people. -financing the activities of Townsend clubs. -requiring retirees to spend their money in the US.
opening up jobs for younger people.
Which effect of industrialization made city centers somewhat unpleasant for residents? -the increased number of government buildings -the lack of cultural institutions -the lack of public transportation -the rise of railroads and stockyards
the rise of railroads and stockyards
If farmers on the Great Plains had practiced crop rotation in the late 1800s and early 1900s, -the soil could have recovered its nutrients. -the Dust Bowl would not have existed. -the wheat crop could have protected against winds. -the dry-farming strategies would have failed.
the soil could have recovered its nutrients.