Vergil & Caesar General Word List

ne...quidam

(enclosing the emphatic word) not even

paro, parare, paravi, paratus

1 buy, furnish/supply/provide, obtain/get, plan, prepare, produce, put up, raise

dico, dicare, dicavi, dicatus

1 dedicate, consecrate; deify, devote, attach to another state, assign, show

fundo, fundare, fundavi, fundatus

1 establish, found, begin, lay the bottom, lay a foundation, confirm

pugno, pugnare, pugnavi, pugnatus

1 fight; dispute

do, dare, dedi, datus

1 give; dedicate; sell; pay; grant/bestow/impart/offer/lent; devote; allow; make; surrender/give over; send to die, ascribe/attribute; give birth/produce; utter

colloco, collocare, collocavi, collocatus

1 place/put/set in order/proper position, arrange; station, post, position; apply, put together, assemble; settle/establish in a place/marriage, billet; lie down

vivo, vivere, vixi, victus

1 to be alive, live, reside, survive

spumo, spumare, spumavi, spumatus

1 to be covered in foam, cover with foam, foam, froth

spiro, spirare, spiravi, spiratus

1 to blow, breathe, breathe out, breathe the spirit of, exhale, live

tempto, temptare, temptavi, temptatus

1 to bribe, test, try, urge, worry

recuso, recusare, recusavi, recusatus

1 to bring a reason against; object; reject, decline, 5.417; refuse, 2.607; shrink back, recoil, 5.406. (re- and causa)

revoco, revocare, revocavi, revocatus

1 to call back, summon back; order back, 5.167; rehearse, 7.40; recall, 1.202; restore, 1.235; save, 5.476; recover, renew, revive, 1.214; retrace, 6.128

voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatus

1 to call upon, call, summon, name

seco, secare, secui, sectus

1 to cut, freq.; cut off, 4.704; engrave, carve, 3.464; cut through, cleave, 5.218, et al.; of the channel of a river, 8.63; sail through, pass, 8.96; speed, 6.899; shape out mentally, form, 10.107

turbo, turbare, turbavi, turbatus

1 to disturb, agitate, throw into confusion

volito, volitare, volitavi, volitatus

1 to fly about, hover over

spero, sperare, speravi, speratus

1 to hope, hope for, look forward to, trust

verso, versare, versavi, versatus

1 to keep turning/going round, spin, whirl, maneuver, stir, turn over and over

supero, superare, superavi, superatus

1 to outdo, overcome, conquer, surpass, be above, have the upper hand, survive

servo, servare, servavi, servatus

1 to save; reserve, 1.207; retain, keep, 6.200; hold, 7.179; continue, maintain, 10.340; guard, 2.450; keep, cherish, 1.36; preserve, inherit, 7.52; sit by, 2.568; dwell, abide by, 6.402; give heed to, watch, observe

sono, sonare, sonavi, sonatus

1 to sound, resound, murmur

sto, stare, steti, status

1 to stand; stand up or erect, 2.774; remain standing, remain, 1.268; rise, 6.554; stand one's ground, fight, 5.414; of blood, to be stanched, 12.422; stand complete, be built, 3.110; stand at anchor, be moored, 3.277, 403; to be situated, lie, 3.210; remain firm, persistent, 7.374; to stand out with, be filled with, 6.300; to be thick with, 12.408; emphatic for esse, to be, 6.471, et al.; of the mind, to be fixed, 1.646; to depend, 2.163; (impers.), stat, it is fixed, determined, resolved, 2.750, et al.; stāre prō, to defend, 8; 653.

capto, captare, captavi, captatus

1 try/long/aim for, desire; entice; hunt legacy; try to catch/grasp/seize/reach

existimo, existimare, existimavi, existimatus

1 value, esteem, form/hold opinion, view, think, suppose, estimate, judge, consider

erro, errare, erravi, erratus

1 wander, go astray, make a mistake, err, vacillate

veto, vetare, vetui, vetitus

1 to be an obstacle to forbid, prohibit, prevent, reject, veto

arbitror, arbitrari, arbitratus sum

1 Dep observe, witness; testify; decide, judge, sentence; believe, think, imagine

testor, testari, testatus

1 Deponent to bear witness, give as evidence, make a will, swear, testify

1. Scylla, ae

1 f A dangerous rock on the Italian side of the Straits of Messana opposite Charybdis, 3.420; personified as a monster, half woman and half fish, 3.424

superior, -ius

1. (place) upper, higher, superior 2. (time) pervious, earlier, former

cunctus, cuncta, cunctum

1/2 Adj altogether (usually plural) in a body, every, all, entire; total/complete

certus, certa, certum certior, certior, certior cetissimus -a -um

1/2 Adj fixed, settled, firm; certain; trusty/reliable; sure; resolved, determined certiorem facere = to inform certior fiere - to be informed

Danaus -a -um

1/2 Adj of Danaus, king of Argos; Greek

rapidus, a, um

1/2 Adj. (rapiō), that tears away; violent, fierce; swiftly moving, rapid, 1.42; speedy, quick, prompt, 5.513.

vāstus, a, um

1/2 Adjective empty, void, wild, waste, vast, unbounded, huge, enormous, immense

Tuscus, a, um

1/2 Adjective Etrurian, Tuscan

Trīnacrius, a, um

1/2 Adjective Sicilian

Tarquinius, a, um

1/2 Adjective Tarquinian; the designation of the Roman gens to which belonged Tarquinius Priscus and Tarquinius Superbus

Thrēicius, a, um

1/2 Adjective Thracian, Thracian in character, northern

Trōiānus, a, um

1/2 Adjective Trojan

superus, a, um

1/2 Adjective above, high, greatest, last, highest, higher, upper, of this world, celestial deities, those above, heaven (pl.), heavenly bodies, heavenly things, higher places

pius, pia, pium

1/2 Adjective affectionate, tender, devoted, loyal (to family) holy, godly pious, devout

sōlus, a, um

1/2 Adjective alone, sole, only

patrius, patria, patrium

1/2 Adjective ancestral

Rōmānus, a, um

1/2 Adjective belonging to Rome; Roman

inferus, infera, inferum inferior -or -us infimus -a -um

1/2 Adjective below, beneath, underneath, of hell, vile, lower

trepidus, trepida, trepidum

1/2 Adjective boiling, foaming, nervous, jumpy, agitated, perilous, alarming, frightened

varius, varia, varium

1/2 Adjective changing, inconsistent, colored, different, variegated, various, diverse

tumidus, tumida, tumidum

1/2 Adjective confidence, puffed up with pride or self, swollen, swelling, distended

turbidus, turbida, turbidum

1/2 Adjective confused, disordered, impatient, troubled, dazed, frantic, unruly, mutinous

vacuus, vacua, vacuum

1/2 Adjective devoid of, free of, empty, vacant, unoccupied

vanus, vana, vanum

1/2 Adjective empty, vain, false, untrustworthy

saevus, a, um

1/2 Adjective fierce, fell, wrathful, of men, animals, and things; cruel, 1.458; dreadful, direful, fearful, 2.559; furious, 9.792; stern, bloody, 6.824; formidable, valiant, warlike, 1.99; relentless, 12.849; maddening, angering; bitter

laetus, laeta, laetum laetior -or -is laetissimus -a -um

1/2 Adjective happy, cheerful, joyful, glad, favorable, propitious, prosperous, successful, luxuriant, lush, rich, sleek, fertile, teeming, abounding, pleasing, welcom

subitus, a, um

1/2 Adjective having come up suddenly; unexpected, sudden

suus, sua, suum

1/2 Adjective his, her, its, their; his own, proper, appropriate, peculiar, fitting, favorable, friendly, propitious

quantus, quanta, quantum

1/2 Adjective how great; how much/many; of what size/amount/degree/number/worth/price

magnus -a -um maior (major) -or -us maximus -a -um

1/2 Adjective large, great, big, vast, huge; much; powerful, tall, long, broad, extensive, spacious, great (achievement), mighty; distinguished; skilled; bold, confident, proud, full, complete, utter, pure, intense, loud, at high price, notable, famous

sērus, a, um

1/2 Adjective late, freq.; late in life

medius -a -um

1/2 Adjective middle, middle of, mid, common, neutral, ordinary, moderate, ambiguous

multus -a -um plus, plures plurimus -a -um

1/2 Adjective much, many, great, many a; large, intense, assiduous, tedious

novus -a -um novior -or -us novissimus -a -um

1/2 Adjective new, fresh, young, unusual, extraordinary

Sergius, a, um

1/2 Adjective of Sergius, founder of the Roman gens Sergia; Sergian

Sīdōnius, a, um

1/2 Adjective of Sidon; Sidonian; Phoenician, Tyrian

Tegeaeus, a, um

1/2 Adjective of Tegea, a town in Arcadia; Tegean, Arcadian, 5.299

Trōius, a, um

1/2 Adjective of Troy, Trojan,

tantus, tanta, tantum

1/2 Adjective of such size, so great, so much

superbus, a, um

1/2 Adjective overbearing, haughty, proud, insolent, fierce

regius, regia, regium

1/2 Adjective pertaining or belonging to a king or queen, the king's, royal

Tartareus, a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to Tartarus, infernal

Siculus, a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to the Siculi, an ancient race, part of which migrated from Latium to Sicily; Sicilian

Sidicīnus, a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to the Sidicini, or people of Teanum and its territory in the northern part of Campania; Sidicinian

Stygius, a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to the Styx; of Hades; Stygian

Tarpēius, a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to the Tarpeian rock or precipitous part of the Capitoline Hill at Rome; Tarpeian

Tiberīnus (Thӯbrinus), a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to the Tiber

Trītōnius, a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to the lake Triton; Tritonian, an epithet of Pallas; substantive: Trītōnia/Minerva

miser -a -um miserior -or -us miserrimus -a -um

1/2 Adjective poor, miserable, wretched, unfortunate, unhappy, distressing

vērus, a, um

1/2 Adjective properly named, right, fair, proper, true, real, genuine, actual, well founded

sānctus, a, um

1/2 Adjective sacred, holy, 2.700; sacred, venerable, 1.426; unstained, with untarnished honor, 12.648

tūtus, a, um

1/2 Adjective safe, protected, secure

sacer, sacra, sacrum

1/2 Adjective set apart, consecrated, holy, sacred, 2.167, et al.; consecrated to, priest of, 6.484; devoted to the infernal gods; damned, accursed, 5.57.

tacitus, tacita, tacitum

1/2 Adjective silent, secret, unmentioned, unobserved, unexpressed, secret, hidden, silent, in silence, silent, speechless, still, noiseless

validus, valida, validum

1/2 Adjective strong, vigorous, powerful, mighty, heavy, massive

secundus, a, um

1/2 Adjective the following; second, 5.258; inferior, 11.441; favorable, fair, 4.562; swiftly flying, 1.156; fortunate, prosperous, 1.207; successful, 2.617; joyful, 8.90; 10.266; auspicious, propitious, 4.45; of a river, easily flowing, downwards

primus, prima, primum

1/2 Adjective the front rank or ranks, leaders, chiefs, first, foremost/best, chief, principal, nearest/next

tertius, a, um

1/2 Adjective the third

tōtus, a, um

1/2 Adjective the whole, total, entire

tuus, a, um

1/2 Adjective your, yours

Gallus, -a, -um

1/2 Adjective Gallic; the Gauls (plural only)

Tyrrhēnus, a, um

1/2 Adjective Tyrrhenian; Etruscan, Tuscan a branch of the Pelasgic race who are said to have settled in Etruria

Sāturnius, a, um

1/2 Adjective belonging to Saturn; Saturnian; sprung from Saturn; Saturnian, 4.372; Substantive = Sāturnius, iī, m., the son of Saturn

publicus, publica, publicum

1/2 Adjective common, of the people/state, official, public

reliquus, reliqua, reliquum

1/2 Adjective future/further, rest of/remaining/available/left, surviving, yet to be/owed

summus, summa, summum

1/2 Adjective greatest, highest, the top of, last, the end of

Tyrius, a, um

1/2 Adjective of Tyre; Tyrian or Phoenician

Sabellus, a, um

1/2 Adjective of the Sabelli or Sabines; Sabine

Sīgēus, a, um

1/2 Adjective pertaining to Sigeum, a promontory and town in the Troad, at the mouth of the Dardanelles, about five miles northwest of Troy; Sigean

plerique, pleraeque, pleraque

1/2 Adjective (only in plural) very many, the most

meus -a -um

1/2 Possessive Adjective mine, of me, belonging to me, my own, to me

noster, nostra, nostrum

1/2 Possessive Adjective our

ullus, ulla, ullum

1/2 UNUA NAUTA Adjective any, any one

unus, una, unum

1/2 UNUS NAUTA Adjective alone, a single/sole, one set of, only (pl.), some, some one

uter, utra, utrum

1/2 UNUS NAUTA Adjective one, either, one or other, which (of two), whichever, no matter which

for, fari, fatus sum

1Dep to speak, say, tell, talk

Britannia, Brittaniae

1F Britain

Italia, Italiae

1F Italy

ara, arae

1F altar, structure for sacrifice, pyre; sanctuary; home; refuge, shelter

aura, aurae

1F breeze, breath (of air), wind; gleam; odor, stench; vapor; air (pl), heaven

causa, causa

1F cause/reason/motive; origin, source, derivation; responsibility/blame; symptom; occasion, subject; plea, position; lawsuit, case, trial; proviso/stipulation; thing(s)

cura, curae

1F concern, worry, anxiety, trouble; attention, care, pains, zeal; cure, treatment; office/task/responsibility/post; administration, supervision; command (army)

controversia, controversiae

1F controversy/dispute; debate; moot case debated in school, forensic exercise; turning against

flamma, flammae

1F flame, blaze, ardor, fire of love, object of love

fuga, fugae

1F flight, fleeing, escape; avoidance, exile

copia, copiae

1F plenty, abundance, supply; troops (pl), supplies, forces; resources; wealth, number/amount/quantity; sum/whole amount; means, opportunity; access, admission

fama, famae

1F rumor, reputation, tradition, fame, public opinion, ill repute, report, news

anima, animae

1F soul, spirit, vital principle; life; breathing; wind, breeze; air (element)

Belgae, Belgarum

1M the Belgae

Trōia, ae

1f 1. Troy, the capital of the Troad, 2.625, et al. 2. A city built by Helenus in Epirus, 3.349. 3. A part of the city of Acesta in Sicily, 5.756. 4. The name of an equestrian game of Roman boys, 5.602.

Sāturnia, ae

1f Daughter of Saturn, Juno, 1.23; 2. The city of Saturnia, built by Saturn on the Capitoline hill, 8.358.

Gallia, -ae

1f Gaul

Sparta, ae

1f Sparta, or Lacedaemon, in Laconia

2. Scylla, ae

1f The name of one of the ships of Aeneas, 5.122.

Dardania, ae

1f Troy

Vesta, ae

1f Vesta, daughter of Saturn, and granddaughter of Vesta, wife of Coelus; goddess of the hearth and household, the hearth, the fire

spēlunca, ae

1f a cavern

vitta, ae

1f a fillet, band, or chaplet for the head, especially for religious occasions,

silva, ae

1f a forest, wood, or grove, 6.444, et al.; stubble, 10.406; (fig.), forest or mass of spears, 10.887

Sibylla, ae

1f a prophetess, a sibyl; the Cumaean sibyl, Deiphobe

rēgīna, ae,

1f a queen, 1.9; princess, 1.273.

unda, ae

1f a wave, billow, the sea, water, river, stream

rota, ae

1f a wheel, 1.147; (fig.), circle or orbit of time, 6.748

sagitta, ae

1f an arrow

Trivia, ae

1f an epithet of Hecate or Diana, whose images were placed at the forks of roads

Sīla, ae

1f an extensive forest in the country of the Bruttii in Southern Italy

ira, irae

1f anger, ire, wrath, resentment, indignation, rage fury, violence, bad blood

pugna, pugnae

1f battle, fight

ruina, ruinae

1f catastrophe, collapse, destruction, fall

turba, ae

1f confusion, uproar, tumult

terra, terrae

1f country, region, earth, land, ground

nata, natae

1f daughter; child

umbra, umbrae

1f ghost, shade, shadow

dea, deae

1f goddess

spēs, speī

1f hope, expectation, prospect

via, viae

1f journey, way, road, street

litera, literae (littera, litterae)

1f letter (alphabet) [plural] letter, epistle; literature, books, records, account writing

vita, vitae

1f life, career, livelihood, mode of life

poena, poenae

1f penalty, punishment; revenge/retribution

taeda, ae

1f pitch-pine, a brand, torch, nuptial torch

provincia, provinciae

1f province; office; duty; command

ora, orae

1f shore, coast

lacrima, lacrimae

1f tear; exuded gum/sap; bit of lead; quicksilver from ore; weeping (pl); dirge

rīpa, ae

1f the shore, border, or bank of a stream

tenebrae, ārum

1f (plural) darkness, gloom, dark abode

pertineo, pertinere, pertinui, pertentus

2 concerns, pertain to, extend, reach, relate to

strideo, stridere, stridi, -

2 creak, squeak, grate, shriek, whistle, gnash, hiss

habeo, habere, habui, habitus

2 have, hold, consider, think, reason; manage, keep; spend/pass (time)

moveo, movere, movi, motus

2 move, stir, agitate, affect, provoke, disturb

iubeo, iubere, iussi, iussus

2 order, tell, command, direct, enjoin, decree, enact, request, ask, bid, pray

maneo, manere, mansi, mansus

2 remain, stay, abide, wait for, continue, endure, last, spend the night (sexual)

contineo, continere, continui, contentus

2 secure, maintain, sustain; fasten/hold back; comprise/form basis; keep/hold/hang together/fast; surround, enclose, contain, limit; concentrate

soleo, solere, solitus

2 to be in the habit of, become accustomed to

ardeo, ardere, arsi, arsus

2 to be on fire, burn, blaze; flash, glow, sparkle; rage; be in turmoil/love

valeo, valere, valui, valitus

2 to be strong/powerful/influential/healthy,prevail

sileo, silere, silui

2 to be, keep, remain silent, 2.126; be hushed, calm, still, 1.164; w. acc., to pass over in silence; leave unmentioned, unsung, 10.793

torqueo, torquere, torsi, tortus

2 to bend, distort, hurl ,spin, whirl, torment, torture, turn, twist, wind (round)

sustineo, sustinere, sustinui, sustentus

2 to check, hold back, put off, put up with, support, sustain

teneo, tenere, tenui, tentus

2 to comprehend, restrain, bind, hold, keep, master, possess, preserve

timeo, timere, timui, -

2 to fear, dread

terreo, terrere, terrui, territus

2 to frighten, scare, terrify, deter

urgeo, urgere, ursi, -

2 to press hard in attack/pursuit, beset, follow hard on heels of, spur on, urge, to hasten

video, videre, vidi, visus

2 to see or perceive in all senses of the words, see to it, look to it; determine

sedeo, sedere, sedi, sessus

2 to sit, 1.56; sit inactive, 9.4; alight, 6.192; (fig.), to be fixed, settled, resolved, 4.15; to suit, be pleasing

persuadeo, persuadere, persuasi, persuasus

2 (+ dative) persuade, convince

reor, reri, ratus

2 Deponent to deem, suppose, believe, reckon, think, regard

tueor, tueri, tuitus (tutus)

2 Deponent to protect, watch, see, look at, uphold

scēptrum, ī

2 n a royal staff; scepter, 1.653; freq.; (metonomy), rule, sway, power, royal court, realm; authority

scūtum, ī

2 n an oblong shield carried by the Roman legionary; a shield in general

antiquus, antiqui

2M men (pl) of old, ancients, early authorities/writers; ancestors

animus, animi

2M mind; intellect; soul; feelings; heart; spirit, courage, character, pride; air

campus, campi

2M plain; level field/surface; open space for battle/games; the sea; scope; campus

annus, anni

2M year (astronomical/civil); age, time of life; year's produce; circuit, course

cunctus, cuncti

2M (pl) all with a stated/implied exception

arvum, arvi

2N arable land/field, soil, region; country; dry land; stretch of plain

armum, armi

2N arms (pl), weapons, armor, shield; close fighting weapons; equipment; force

caelum, caeli

2N chisel; engraving tool; burin heaven, sky, heavens; space, air, climate, weather; universe, world; Jehovah

consilium, consilii

2N debate/discussion/deliberation/consultation; advice/counsel/suggestion; adviser; decision/resolution; intention/purpose/policy/plan/action; diplomacy/strategy; deliberative/advisory body; state council, senate; jury; board of assessors; intelligence, sense, capacity for judgment/invention; mental ability; choice; commini consilio = in accordance with general action consilium capere/inire = to form a plan consilium habere = to think; consider

castrum, castri

2N fort/fortress; camp (pl), military camp/field; army; war service; day's march; castle, fortified town; castrum doloris = coffin platform castra ponere/facere = to pitch camp castra movere= to break camp

aurum, auri

2N gold (metal/color), gold money, riches

bellum, belli

2N war, warfare; battle, combat, fight (at/in the war), military force, arms

Tyros (Tyrus), ī

2f Tyre, the ancient maritime capital of Phoenicia

Teucer (Teucrus), crī

2m 1. Teucer, first king of Troy, son of the river-god Scamander, and father-in-law of Dardanus, 1.235. 2. Teucer, son of Telamon and Hesione, half-brother of Ajax, and founder of Salamis in Cyprus, 1.619.

Xanthus, ī

2m 1. The Xanthus or Scamander, a river near Troy 2. A small river in Epirus named by Helenus after the Trojan Xanthus 3. A river in Lycia

Germani, Germanorum

2m German

Priamus, Priami

2m King of Troy

Quirīnus, ī,

2m Quirinus, the name of the deified Romulus

Rōmulus, ī

2m Romulus, the eponymous founder of Rome, son of Mars and Rhea Silvia or Ilia

Sabīnus, ī

2m Sabinus or Sabus, the founder of the race of Sabines, 7.138.

Sagaris, is

2m Sagaris, a slave of Aeneas

Sīrius, iī

2m Sirius or Canicula, the dog-star

Tatius, iī

2m Titus Tatius, a Sabine king, at first hostile to Romulus, but at last joint king with him over Romans and Sabines, 8.638.

Zephyrus, ī

2m Zephyrus or Favonius, the god of the west wind; the west wind

Rutulus, ī

2m a Rutulian; Turnus

rāmus, ī

2m a branch, bough, 4.485, et al.; limb, 8.318; wreath, 5.71.

taurus, ī

2m a bull, steer, ox, bullock

Serestus, ī

2m a companion of Aeneas

Sāturnus, ī

2m a deified king of Latium, whose reign was the "golden age"; identified by the Romans with the Greek Cronos

scopulus, ī

2m a projecting ledge of rock; a high cliff or rock, 1.180; crag, 1.45; ledge, reef, 1.145; detached rock, fragment of rock

radius, iī

2m a staff, rod; spoke of a wheel, 6.616; beam, ray, 5.65; a shuttle, 9.476; the representation of rays on a crown, 12.163.

locus, loci

2m aim point, place, territory/locality/neighborhood/region, position/point, site, seat, rank, position

socius, iī

2m an associate, ally, 9.150; companion, friend, comrade

torus, tori

2m bed, couch, stuffed bolster, cushion, mussel, brawn, swelling, protuberance

thalamus, thalami

2m bedroom, marriage

puer, pueri

2m boy, lad, young man; servant; (male) child

numerus, numeri

2m category, number/sum/total/rank, tally

Sergestus, ī

2m commander of one of the ships of Aeneas

legatus, legati

2m envoy, ambassador, legate; commander of a legion, officer, deputy

oculus, oculi

2m eye

ager, agri

2m field, ground; farm, land, estate, park; territory, county; terrain; soil

deus, dei

2m god; divine essence/being, supreme being; statue of god

vir, viri

2m hero,husband, man, person of courage, honor, and nobility

equus, equi

2m horse, steed

tumulus, tumuli

2m mound, tomb

remus, remi

2m oar

populus, populi

2m people, nation, State; public/populace/multitude/crowd; a following; members of a society/sex; region/district (L+S); army

somnus, ī

2m sleep, slumber

Rutulī, ōrum

2m the Rutulians, an ancient tribe of Latium dwelling south of the Tiber

Sabaeī, ōrum

2m the Sabaeans or people of Arabia Felix

Sabīnī, ōrum

2m the Sabines, an ancient people occupying the hill country on the border of Latium, from whom were derived a part of the Roman people or Quirites

Sicānī, ōrum

2m the Sicanians or Sicilians

Turnus, ī

2m the chief of the Rutulians

Vulcānus, ī

2m the god of fire and of the forge, son of Jupiter and Juno

Silvius, iī

2m the name of several of the descendants of Aeneas, who were kings of Alba

Rhenus, Rheni

2m the river Rhine

Tiberīnus, -i

2m the river-god, Tiber; the Tiber

truncus, ī

2m the stem, stock, or trunk of a tree; stem, trunk; trunk of the human body

ventus, venti

2m wind

Nervius, Nervii

2m Belgic (north Gallic) tribe

Remus, ī

2m a Rutulian warrior, 9.330; the twin brother of Romulus, by whom, tradition says, he was murdered for leaping over the new walls of Rome in mockery, 1.292.

natus, nati

2m son; child; children (pl)

Rhodanus, Rhodani

2m the river Rhone

Teucrī, ōrum

2m (plural) the Trojans, descendants of Teucer

Volscī, ōrum

2m (plural) the Volsci or Volscians, a warlike tribe of Latium

superī, ōrum

2m (plural) those of the upper world, the living as opposed to the dead, the gods above, or gods of Olympus as opposed to the infernal gods

tuī, ōrum

2m (plural) your friends, kinsmen, countrymen, descendants

Tartarus, ī

2m (singular), 2n (plural) the lower world, Hades; especially that portion which was set apart for the wicked

rōstrum, ī

2n a bill, beak, 6.597; the beak of a ship

vēlum, ī

2n a cloth; sail

tectum, tecti

2n a covering; roof, a house, building, palace, battlement

sacrum, ī

2n a holy thing; pl., sacra, ōrum, n., sacred symbols, rites, 12.13; sacred rites, ceremonies, sacrifices, 2.132; sacred things, utensils, symbols, 2.293; mysteries, 3.112

saxum, ī

2n a large rough stone; cliff, crag,

telum, teli

2n a missile weapon, shaft/arrow/spear/lance; weapon, point

templum, ī

2n a portion of the heavens marked out or cut off for auguries; a place set apart as holy; holy ground; a shrine, fane, chapel, temple

spīculum, ī

2n a sharp point, an arrow, a dart, javelin, spear

sīgnum, ī

2n a sign, mark, impress; token, 1.443; sign, 3.388; signal, of games, 5.315; of battle, 10.310; goal, 5.130; figure, 1.648; standard, 7.628; (metonomy), a body of men following a standard, troop, battalion, 11.517.

vōtum, ī

2n a thing vowed; a conditional pledge made to some deity; a vow

verbum, ī

2n a word

respōnsum, ī

2n an answer, reply, 2.376; oracular answer, response, 6.799

scelus, eris

2n an evil or atrocious deed; a crime, freq.; wickedness; (metonomy) punishment

tergum, tergi

2n back, rear, outer covering/surface, reverse/far side

proelium, proeli(i)

2n battle/fight/bout/conflict/dispute; armed/hostile encounter; bout of strength

vinculum, vinculi

2n chain, bond, fetter, imprisonment

vadum, vadi

2n channel, ford, shoal, shallow place, stream

imperium, imperii

2n command, authority, rule, supreme power, the state, the empire, mastery, dominion

regnum, regni

2n control, kingdom, power, royal power

frumentum, frumenti

2n crops, grain

periculum, periculi

2n danger, peril; responsibility for damage, liability; risk; trial, attempt

studium, studi(i)

2n devotion, pursuit, study, eagerness, enthusiasm, zeal, spirit

vestigium, vestigi(i)

2n footstep, step, track, trace

donum, doni

2n gift, present; offering; prize, reward

divus, divi

2n god

domus, domi

2n house, building, home, household

ferrum, ferri

2n iron, any tool of iron; weapon, sword

spatium, iī

2n room, space, distance

spolium, spoli(i)

2n skin, hide; spoils, booty

solum, ī

2n the bottom or ground of anything; soil, earth, ground

fatum, fati

2n utterance, oracle, fate, destiny, natural term of life, death, doom, calamity

vīnum, ī

2n wine

dictum, dicti

2n words, utterance, remark; one's word/promise, saying/maxim, bon mot, witticism

hiberna, hibernorum

2n (pl) winter camp; winter quarters

spatia, ōrum

2n plural course, track

Rōstra, ōrum

2n plural the platform or tribunal for magistrates and orators in the Roman forum, so called because adorned with the beaks of the captured ships of Antium; the Rostra

peto, petere, petivi, petitus

3 aim at, attack; beg, entreat, ask (for); desire; reach towards, make for

gero, gerere, gessi, gestus

3 bear, carry, wear; carry on, manage, govern

cognosco, cognoscere, cognovi, cognitus

3 become acquainted with/aware of; recognize; learn, find to be; inquire/examine; (perfect tense) to know

consuesco, consuescere, consuevi, consuetum

3 become used to; per accustomed consuestus = usual

cogo, cogere, coegi, coactus

3 collect/gather, round up, restrict/confine; force/compel; convene; congeal

vinco, vincere, vici, victus

3 conquer, defeat, excel, outlast, succeed

ago, agere, egi, actus

3 drive, urge, conduct, act; spend (time w/cum) thank (w/gratias) deliver (speech)

pono, ponere, posui, positus

3 found (town), build plant (trees); provide/serve; lay (foundation/keel)

discedo, discedere, discessi, discessus

3 go, march off, depart, withdraw, scatter, dissipate, abandon, lay down (arms)

interficio, interficere, interfeci, interfectus

3 kill; destroy

duco, ducere, duxi, ductus

3 lead, command; think, consider, regard; prolong; produce; draw out; construct; extend; judge; defer

fundo, fundere, fudi, fusus

3 pour, cast (metals); scatter, shed, rout, lay low

premo, premere, pressi, pressus

3 press, press hard, pursue; oppress; overwhelm

furo, furere, --, --

3 rave, rage, be mad/furious, be wild

dico, dicere, dixi, dictus

3 say, declare, state; allege, declare positively; assert; plead (case); talk, speak, make speech; play (instrument), pronounce, articulate; utter, mean, name/call; appoint, fix/set (date); designate, declare intention of giving

quaero, quaerere, quaesivi, quaesitus

3 search for, seek, strive for; obtain; ask, inquire, demand

mitto, mittere, misi, missus

3 send, throw, hurl, cast; let out, release, dismiss; disregard

constituo, constituere, constitui, constitutus

3 set up/in position, erect; place/dispose/locate; (call a) halt; plant (trees); decide/resolve; decree/ordain; appoint, post/station (troops); settle (colony); establish/create/institute; draw up, arrange/set in order; make up, form; fix

cerno, cernere, crevi, cretus

3 sift, separate, distinguish, discern, resolve, determine; see; examine, decide

eripio, eripere, eripui, ereptus

3 snatch away, take by force, rescue

recipio, recipere, recepi, receptus

3 to accept, take in, guarantee, keep back, recover, take back, undertake

succedo, succedere, successi, successus

3 to advance, climb, follow, succeed in

tendo, tendere, tetendi, tensus

3 to aim/direct weapon/glance/steps/course, distend, stretch/spread/extend, strive, draw (bow), exert oneself, pitch tent, encamp, press on, insist, pull tight

sino, sinere, sivi, situs

3 to allow, permit, suffer, 1.18; leave off

veho, vehere, vexi, vectus

3 to bear, carry, convey pass, ride, sail

sero, serere, sevi, satus

3 to beget, bring forth, cultivate, sow, plant, strew, scatter, spread

tango, tangere, tetigi, tactus

3 to border on, influence, mention, touch, strike

rumpo, rumpere, rupi, ruptus

3 to break, burst; tear, sever, freq.; break through, open, force, 2.494; rend, sever, cut, tear, 3.640; dash, 11.615; (fig.), break off, end, 4.569; interrupt, 8.110; violate, 4.292; utter with fury, shout or shriek forth, 3.246

volvo, volvere, volvi, volutus (1)

3 to bring around/about, revolve, roll, cause to roll, travel in circle/circuit

sisto, sistere, stiti, status

3 to cause to stand, set up, stop, check

tego, tegere, texi, tectus

3 to cover, protect, defend, hide

strido, stridere, stridi, -

3 to creak, squeak, grate, shriek, whistle, gnash, hiss

statuo, statuere, statui, statutus

3 to decide, think, set up, establish, set, place, build

reddo, reddere, reddidi, redditus

3 to deliver, hand over, pay back, render, give back, restore, return, translate

traho, trahere, traxi, tractus

3 to derive, get, draw, drag, haul

tollo, tollere, sustuli, sublatus

3 to destroy, lift, raise, remove, steal,take/lift up/away

stringo, stringere, strinxi, strictus

3 to draw, draw tight, graze, strip off

volvo, volvere, volvi, volutus (2)

3 to envelop, wrap up, recite, reel off, turn over (in mind), unroll (scroll)

ruo, ruere, rui, rutus

3 to fall with violence; tumble down, fall, freq.; fall in battle, 10.756; of the sun, go down, set, 3.508; rush forward, 2.64; of the chariot of Nox, hasten up; ascend, rise, 2.250; advance, 10.256; plunge, rush, 2.353; flee, 12.505; tremble, quake, 8.525; hasten, pass away, 6.539; cause to fall; cast down, 9.516; plow, 1.35; cast, throw up, 1.85; throw up or together, 11.211.

recedo, recedere, recessi, recessus

3 to go back, retire, withdraw, 12.129; recede, retreat, 2.633; stand apart, retire, 2.300; depart, 2.595; disappear, 3.72; vanish, 5.526.

surgo, surgere, surrexi, surrectus

3 to grow, rise, lift, to threaten

sterno, sternere, stravi, stratus

3 to lay out, spread, strew, scatter

reduco, reducere, reduxi, reductus

3 to lead back, bring back, reduce, restore

relinquo, relinquere, reliqui, relictus

3 to leave behind, 3.190; commit, 7.123; spare, leave, 2.659; give up, relinquish, 4.432; desert, abandon, 2.28; leave out of sight, unnoticed, 2.454.

solvo, solvere, solvi, solutus

3 to loosen, release, unbind, untie, free, open, pay off/back, scatter, set sail

rego, regere, rexi, rectus

3 to manage, direct ,rule, guide

struo, struere, struxi, structus

3 to place side by side or upon; to pile up; build, erect, cover, load, arrange, to form or draw out a line of battle, to plan, intend

repono, reponere, reposui, repositus

3 to put back, repeat, restore, store

scindo, scindere, scidi, scissus

3 to rend, cut to pieces, tear in rage/grief/despair, tear, split, divide

quiēscō, quiescere, quiēvī, quiētus

3 to rest, rest in death, be hushed, still

revolvo, revolvere, revolvi, revolutus

3 to roll back, 5.336; (fig.), bring back, recall, repeat, 2.101; retrace, 9.391; go over again, suffer again, 10.61; turn, change again

spargo, spargere, sparsi, sparsus

3 to scatter, strew; cast in fragments, 3.605; disperse, 1.602; shower, hurl, 12.51; sprinkle, 4.512; besprinkle, bedew, stain, 8.645; infuse, 4.486; (fig.), spread abroad, disseminate, 2.98; bring over or upon, diffuse, 7.754

quaerō, quaere, quaesīvī or quaesiī, quaesītus

3 to seek, search, look for, inquire, ask, demand

remitto, remittere, remisi, remissus

3 to send back, remit, throw back, relax, diminish

quatiō, quatere, xxx., quassus

3 to shake, brandish; to make tremble

tremo, tremere, tremui, -

3 to tremble, shake, shudder at

recludo, recludere, reclusi, reclusus

3 to unclose; to open, freq.; throw open, 3.92; reveal, disclose, 1.358; unsheathe, 4.646; cut or lay open, 4.63.

facio, facere, feci, factus

3 -io make, build, construct, create, cause, do; have built/made; fashion; work (metal); act/take action/be active; act/work (things), function, be effective; produce; produce by growth; bring forth (young); create, bring into existence; compose/write; classify; provide; do/perform; commit crime; suppose/imagine

respicio, respicere, respexi, respectus

3 -io to care for, provide for, consider, gaze at, look back at, respect

rapio, rapere, rapui, raptus

3 -io to destroy, drag off, hurry, pillage, seize, carry off, snatch

senex, senis

3 Adjective old, aged, hoary

proficiscor, proficisci, profectus sum

3 Deponent depart, set out; proceed

colloquor, colloqui, collocutus

3 Deponent to confer, parley, converse, discuss, talk together/over, talk/speak to/with

sequor, sequi, secutus

3 Deponent to follow, 1.185; follow closely, pursue, 5.227; seek after, pursue, 3.327; seek to reach, seek, 4.381; 10.193; pursue a plan or course, 3.368; compass, attain, find, 6.457; follow in narrative, recount, 1.342; follow; of words responding to the will, 12.912; yield to the hand, 6.146; attend, favor

utor, uti, usus

3 Deponent (+ Abl) to enjoy the friendship of, use, make use of, enjoy

sēdēs, is

3 f a seat of any kind; (metonomy), an habitation, abode, dwelling (pl. for sing.), 2.634; destined or proper place, 2.232; foundation, 2.465; of the sea, bottom, 1.84; temple, shrine, 2.742; palace, 2.760; final resting-place, grave, tomb, 6.328; realm, 7.52.

fero, ferre, tuli, latus

3 irregular bring, bear, tell/speak of; consider; carry off, win, receive, produce, get, grant; offer; plunder; praise; tend to (go in a particular direction), render aid; support

Anchises, -ae, -en

3 irregular father of Aeneas

refero, referre, rettuli, relatus

3 irregular verb to bring/carry back/again/home, go back, return move/draw/force back, withdraw

fugio, fugere, fugi, fugitus

3-io flee, fly, run away, avoid, shun, go into exile

queō, quīre, quīvī or quiī, quitus

3-io to be able, can,

capio, capere, cepi, captus

3-io to take hold, seize; grasp, take a bribe; arrest/capture; put on; occupy; captivate

recēns, entis

3.1 Adjective new, recent, fresh, 1.417; pure, 6.635; newly wrought or finished, 8.654; foll. by ab, just from, 6.450.

supplex, supplicis

3.1 Adjective kneeling, begging

vetus, eris

3.1 Adjective old, aged, freq.; ancient, early, former

totiēns (totiēs)

3.1 Adjective so many times, so often

repēns, entis

3.1 Adjective sudden, unexpected

infelix, infelicis infelicior -or-us infelicissimus -a -um

3.1 Adjective unfortunate, unhappy, wretched, unlucky, inauspicious, unproductive (plant)

ingens, ingentis ingentior -or -us ingentissimus -a -um

3.1 Adjective not natural, immoderate, huge, vast, enormous, mighty, remarkable, momentous

omnis, omnis, omne

3.2 Adjective all (pl.); all/the whole of; each, every, every one (of a number)

viridis, viridis, viride

3.2 Adjective blooming,youthful, fresh, green

communis, communis, commune

3.2 Adjective common/joint/public, general/universal

sublīmis, e

3.2 Adjective eminent, exalted, elevated, high, lofty, in high position, raised on high

tristis, tristis, triste

3.2 Adjective gloomy, sad, sorrowful

gravis, gravis, grave gravior, -or -us gravissimus -a -um

3.2 Adjective heavy, painful, important, serious, pregnant, grave, oppressive, burdensome

immanis, immanis, immane immanior -or -um immanissiumus -a -um

3.2 Adjective huge, vast, immense, tremendous, extreme, monstrous, inhuman, savage, brutal, frightful

similis, e

3.2 Adjective like, similar

talis, talis, tale

3.2 Adjective of such kind, so excellent, so great, such

tenuis, e

3.2 Adjective stretched out; slender, thin, light, little, airy, ethereal, delicate, fine, scanty, yielding a scanty livelihood, reduced, perishing, sinking, simple, trivial, humble

sēgnis, e

3.2 Adjective tardy, sluggish, dilatory, backward, 11.736; slothful, inactive, 3.513; mean-spirited, cowardly, 9.787; helpless, 10.700; (fig.), idle, exhausted; comp., sēgnior, less glorious, less divine, 4.149; less rapid, 7.383.

volucer, volucris, volucre

3.3 Adjective able to fly, flying, in rapid motion, fleet/swift, transient, fleeting, winged

labor, labi, lapsus sum

3Dep slip, slip and fall, slide, glide, drop; perish, go wrong

arx, arcis

3F citadel, stronghold, city; height, hilltop; Capitoline Hill; defense, refuge

classis, classis

3F class/division of Romans; grade (pupils); levy/draft; fleet/navy; group/band

cohors, cohortis

3F court; enclosure/yard/pen, farmyard; attendants, retinue, staff; circle; crowd cohort, tenth part of legion (360 men); armed force; band; ship crew; bodyguard

celeritas, celeritatis

3F speed, quickness, rapidity; speed of action, dispatch; haste; early date

Ambiorix, Ambiorigis

3M King of the Eburones

labor (labos) laboris

3M labor, toil, exertion, effort, work; task, undertaking; production; childbirth; preoccupation, concern; struggle, suffering, distress, hardship, stress

amor, amoris

3M love; affection; the beloved; Cupid; affair; passion

clamor, clamoris

3M shout, outcry/protest; loud shouting (approval/joy), applause; clamor/noise/din; war-cry, battle-cry; roar (thunder/surf); cry of fear/pain/mourning; wailing

corpus, corporis

3N body; person, self; virility; flesh; corpse; trunk; frame (work); collection/sum; substantial/material/concrete object/body; particle/atom; corporation, guild

fors, fortis

3N chance, luck, fate; prosperity; condition, wealth, property

caput, capitis

3N head; person; life; leader; top; source/mouth (river); capital (punishment); heading; chaper; principal division

aequor, aequoris

3N level/smooth surface, plain; surface of the sea; sea, ocean

agmen, agminis

3N stream; herd, flock, troop, crowd; marching army, column, line; procession

sacerdōs, ōtis

3c a priest or priestess, 2.201; 1.273; a poet or bard (as priest of the Muses), 6.645

finis, finis

3c boundary, end, limit, goal, country/territory/land (only in plural)

comes, comitis

3c comrade, companion, associate, partner; soldier/devotee/follower of another

hostis, hostis

3c enemy of the state, stranger, foreigner, the enemy (pl)

parens, parentis

3c parent, father, mother

coniunx, conjugis

3c spouse/mate/consort; husband/wife/bride/fiancee/intended; concubine; yokemate

Juno, Junonis

3f Juno, wife of Juppiter

Trītōnis, idis

3f Pallas or Minerva, so called from Lake Triton near the Lesser Syrtis in Africa, near which, according to an Egyptian fable, she was said to have been born, 2.226.

Dido, Didonis

3f Queen of Carthage, called both dux and infelix

Venus, eris

3f Venus, goddess of love and beauty, identified by the Romans with Aphrodite, daughter of Jupiter and Dione, love, lust

urbs, urbis

3f a city, especially a walled city

sors, sortis

3f a lot, fate, lot, destiny, fortune, condition, 6.114; hazard, 12.54; luck, success, victory, 12.932; oracular response

rūpēs, is

3f a rock, cliff, crag, ledge

soror, ōris

3f a sister

turris, is

3f a tower

vallēs, is

3f a valley, dell, dale, ravine, vale

vōx, vōcis

3f a voice, note, tone, language, response, answer, sound

secūris, is

3f an ax

quercus, ūs

3f an oak tree

regio, regionis

3f area, region, direction, district, country, neighborhood

oppugnatio, oppugnationis

3f assault, siege, attack; storming

stirps, stirpis

3f character, race, lineage, stock, plant roots

vestis, vestis

3f clothes, garment, clothing, blanket, robe

virtus, virtutis

3f courage/bravery, strength/power, worth/manliness/virtue/character/excellence

multitudo, multitudinis

3f crowd, multitude, great number, rabble, mob

mors, mortis

3f death, corpse, annihilation; ruin

pars, partis

3f direction, part, region; party, faction, side; portion, piece, share

tellūs, ūris

3f earth, ground, land, country

legio, legionis

3f legion, army; a choosing; a chosen body

virgo, virginis

3f maiden, young woman, girl of marriageable age, virgin, woman sexually intact

mens, mentis

3f mind, reason, intellect, judgment, plan, intention, frame of mind, courage

mater, matris

3f mother, foster mother, lady, matron, origin, source, motherland, mother city

nox, noctis

3f night

religio, religionis

3f obligation, rite, sanction, sanctity, supernatural constraint/taboo, worship

quiēs, quētis

3f rest, repose

navis, navis

3f ship

puppis, puppis

3f stern; ship

tempestas, tempestatis

3f storm, season, time, weather, storm of war, calamity

vīs, vīs

3f strength, force; persistence, industry, force, power, violence

salūs, ūtis

3f the state of being well; safety, 1.555; preservation, means of safety, remedy, relief, deliverance

ratis, is

3f (i-stem) a raft, float; bark, boat, ship, 1.43, et al.

Ūfēns, entis

3m 1. A river of Latium flowing into the sea west of Terracina 2. A chief of the Aequi

Caesar, Caesaris

3m 1. Gaius Julius Caesar 2. Lucius Julius Caesar, a lieutenant

Juppiter, Jovis

3m Jupiter, god of the sky; supreme Roman god; heavens, sky

Orgetorix, Orgetorigis

3m Orgetorix; a powerful Helvetian

Cicero, Ciceronis

3m Quintus Tullius Cicera, a lieutenant

Trītōn, ōnis

3m Triton, a son of Neptune

Sinōn, ōnis

3m a Greek, son of Aesimus

Volcēns, entis

3m a Latin chief

Quercēns, -entis

3m a Rutulian warrior

victor, ōris

3m a conqueror, victor

rēx, rēgis

3m a king, freq.; chief, ruler, sovereign, 1.65; prince, 9.223.

Simoīs, Simoentis

3m a river which falls into the Scamander near Troy

Tarchō, ōnis or ontis

3m an Etrurian prince, ally of Aeneas, 11.727, et al.

Thӯbris, idis

3m an ancient king of Latium, 8.330.

ordo, ordinis

3m bank (oars), class, order (of monks) (Bee) row, order/rank, series, succession

sanguis, inis

3m blood; parentage, lineage, descent, race, 1.19; offspring, son

pater, patris

3m father

genitor, genitoris

3m father, creator, originator

ignis, ignis

3m fire, brightness, passion, glow of passion

pes, pedis

3m foot

honor, honoris

3m honor; respect, regard, mark of esteem, reward, dignity, grace, public office

eques, equitis

3m horseman, cavalryman, rider, horsemen, cavalry, equestrian order

Telōn, ōnis

3m king of the Teleboans in the island of Capreae, 7.734

homo, hominis

3m man, human being, person

mons, montis

3m mountain, huge rock, towering heap

vates, vatis

3m oracle, soothsayer, poet (divinely inspired), prophet/seer, mouthpiece of deity

miles, militis

3m soldier, foot soldier; soldiery; knight

turbo, turbinis

3m spinning top, spiral, round, circle, that which whirls, whirlwind, tornado

supplex, supplicis

3m suppliant

sermō, ōnis

3m the joining of words; language, conversation, talk, discourse, 1.217; report, rumor, 4.189; speech

sōl, sōlis

3m the sun, 1.431, et al.; a day, 3.203; sunlight

vertex, verticis

3m whirlpool, eddy, vortex, crown of the head, peak, top, summit, the pole

sīdus, eris

3n a constellation; (fig.), season, 4.309; star, 6.338; bright aspect; weather; storm

flumen, fluminis

3n any flowing fluid, flood, onrush, river, stream

tergus, tergoris

3n back, skin, hide, leather

genus, generis

3n birth, descent, origin; race, family, house, stock, ancestry, offspring, descent; noble birth; kind, sort, variety; class , rank, mode, method, style, fashion, way

tegmen (tegumen), tegminis

3n body armor, clothing, covering/cover/protection, skin/shell/husk (animal/fruit)

pectus, pectoris

3n breast, heart; feeling, soul, mind

numen, numinis

3n divine will, divinity; god

os, oris

3n face, mouth, speech, expression, pronunciation

rōbur, oris

3n hard oak or wood, 6.181; a tree, 8.315; (meton.), timber, a wooden structure; fabric, 2.260; (fig.), sturdiness, strength, firmness, courage, vigor

honos, honoris

3n honor; respect, regard, mark of esteem, reward, dignity, grace, public office

iter, itineris

3n journey, road, passage, path, march

lumen, luminis

3n light; lamp, torch; life, day, daylight [plural] eyes

vulnus, vulneris

3n mental/emotional hurt, wound, wound of love

nomen, nominis

3n name, family name; noun; account, entry in debt ledger; title; heading

tempus, temporis

3n necessity, season, occasion, time, condition, right time

mare, maris

3n sea, sea water

munus, muneris

3n service, duty, office, function; gift, tribute, offering, bribes (pl)

litus, litoris

3n shore, seashore, coast, strand; river bank; beach, landing place; seat, rank, position; soldier's post, quarters, category; book passage, topic; place, territory/neighborhood/region; aim point; site; part of the body, grounds of proof

mille -is

3n thousand(s)

limen, liminis

3n threshold, entrance, lintel; house; palace, shrine, abode

gens, gentis

3n tribe, clan; nation, people; Gentiles

moenia, moenium

3n (pl) defensive town walls, bulwarks, fortifications, fortified town, castle, city, structure

pelagus, pelagi

3n (rare nominative neuter form) sea the open sea, the main

pervenio, pervenire, perveni, perventus

4 arrive, come to, reach

convenio, convenire, conveni, conventus

4 be appropriate to, fit, be correctly shaped/consistent; harmonize, agree, tally; meet/assemble; to to meet; come together; have sex; converge; visit/approach; resort to; sue, prosecute, take legal action; be agreed upon/arranged (passive) Impersonal usage = be suitable, convenient, necessary

circumvenio, circumvenire, circumveni circumventus

4 encircle, surround; assail, beset; enclose; circumvent; defraud/trick; surpass

audio, audire, audivi, auditus

4 hear, listen, accept, agree with; obey; harken, pay attention; be able to hear

saevio, saevire, saevivi, saevitus

4 to be/act angry/violent/ferocious, rage, rave, bluster, vent rage on ( + dative)

venio, venire, veni, ventus

4 to come, come forth; approach, rise, appear, dawn, to present one's self or itself, descend, spring from

scio, scire, scivi(ii), scitus

4 to know, understand; know how, be able, can

sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus

4 to perceive, feel, experience, think, realize, see, understand

casus, casus

4M a fall, overthrow; chance/fortune; accident, emergency, calamity, plight; fate; grammatical case; termination/ending (of words)

adventus, adventus

4M arrival, approach; visit, appearance, advent; ripening;invasion, incursion

cursus, cursus

4M running; speed/zeal; charge, onrush; forward movement/march; revolution (wheel); course/direction, line of advance, orbit; voyage/passage; race; career; series; lesson

manus, manus

4f hand, fist, team, gang, band of soldiers, handwriting, an elephant's trunk

domus, domus

4f house, building; home, household

sinus, ūs

4m a fold, 1.320; (fig.), sail, canvas, 5.16; bosom, 4.686; a gulf or bay, 1.243; winding stream, a winding, 6.132; a winding, curvature, depth, 1.16l; curving billow

sonitus, ūs

4m a sounding; noise

passus, passus

4m a step, pace, a distance of 5 Roman feet

exercitus, exercitus

4m army, infantry; swarm, flock

equitatus, equitatus

4m cavalry, horse-soldiers; equestrian order; bodies of cavalry, horsemanship, equitation, riding

tumultus, tumultus

4m commotion, confusion, uproar, rebellion, uprising, disturbance

usus, usus

4m custom, experience, skill, advantage, use, enjoyment

portus, portus

4m port, harbor; refuge, haven, place of refuge

vultus, ūs

4m the look or expression of the face; face, visage, countenance

fluctus, fluctus

4m wave, disorder, flood, flow, tide, billow, surge; turbulence, commotion

dies, diei

5c day, daylight, open sky; weather, specific day, day in question, date of letter, festival, lifetime, age, time

rēs, reī

5f a thing, in the most general sense; object, 1.450; treasure, store, 12.589; state, situation, condition, 1.563; circumstance; fortune, 1.204; affair, business, interest, 9.227; a side, party, cause, 3.54; 11.400; conflict, 9.154; misfortune, calamity, 1.462; commonwealth, state, empire, dominion, power, 1.268; action, deed, exploit, achievement, 1.641; adventure, fortune, 4.290; pl., the universe, 10.40; the world, 1.282; nature, creation, 9.131; rēs summa, the public interest, common weal, 11.302; the chief conflict, 2.322.

deter, dextra, dextrum dexterior, dexterior, dexterius dextimus -a -um

Adj right, on/to the right hand/side; skillful, dexterous, handy; favorable, fortunate, pretentious, opportune, proper, fitting, suitable

divus -a -um divissimus -a -um

Adj divine, blessed, saint

Helvetius -a -um

Adjective Helvetian

futurus, -a -um

Adjective about to be; future; destined to be

qui, quae, quod

Adjective any; anyone/anything, any such; unspecified some; (after si/sin/sive/ne); who/what/which?, what/which one/man/person/thing? what kind/type of?; who/whatever, everyone who, all that, anything that; who; that; which, what; of which kind/degree; person/thing/time/point that; who?, which?, what?; what kind of?

aliqui, aliqua, aliquod

Adjective anyone, anybody, anything someone, some, few, some (particular) thing, some, any; a few; a particular/certain some other, about/like (num)

ater, atra, atrum atrior, atrior, atrius aterrimus -a -um

Adjective black, dark; dark colored (hair/skin); gloomy, murky; unlucky; sordid, squalid; deadly, terrible, grisly (especially connected with the underworld); poisonous, spiteful

facilis, facilis, facile facilior -or -us facillimus -a -um

Adjective easy, easy to do, without difficulty, ready, quick, good natured, courteous

longus -a -um longior -or -us longissimus -a -um

Adjective long; tall; tedious, taking a long time; boundless; far, of specific length/time

antiquus, antiqua, antiquum antiquior, antiquior, antiquius antiquissimus -a -um

Adjective old/ancient/aged; time-honored; simple/classic; venerable; archaic/outdated

alter, altera, alterum

Adjective one (of two) second, another; former/latter; second, further, next, other, latter, some person/thing (Pronominal Adj); either (unus et alter = one or two/other)

alius, alia, aliud

Adjective other, another; different, changed (alii...alii = some...others)

trēs, tria, gen. trium, acc. trēs

Adjective three

fessus -a -um

Adjective tired, wearied, fatigued, exhausted, worn out, weak feeble, infirm, sick

geminus -a -um

Adjective twin, double, twin-born; both

satis or sat

Adjective and Adverb sufficient, enough; w. gen., 2.314; alone as subject, 2.291; as predicate, 2.642; comp., satius, better, preferable

circum

Adv about, around; round about, near; in a circle; in attendance; on both sides

circiter

Adv round, about, near

cum

Adv when, at the time/on each occasion/in the situation that; after; since/although, as soon, while, as (well as); whereas, in that, seeing that; on/during which

saepe

Adverb often, frequently

tam

Adverb so as, so much, in such a manner, to such a degree

super

Adverb above, on top, over, moreover, in addition, besides, upwards

fere

Adverb almost; about; nearly; generally, in general, hardly ever (with negatives)

semper

Adverb always, ever

procul

Adverb at distance, far off

simul

Adverb at once, together, at the same time

tum

Adverb at that time, besides, then, next

interim

Adverb at the same time however, nevertheless meanwhile, in the meantime

retro

Adverb back (time), formerly; backwards, back, to the rear; behind, on the back side

rūrsus or rūrsum

Adverb backward; again, anew, 2.401; in turn, 4.534

ante

Adverb before, previously, first, before this, earlier, in front/advance of; forwards

ultro

Adverb besides, beyond, to/on the further/other side, voluntarily, unaided, wantonly

velut (veluti)

Adverb even as, like, as it were, as, just as, as if

vel

Adverb even, actually, or, or even, in deed

longe, longius, logissime

Adverb far off, distant, a long way, by far, for a while, far (in future/past)

hinc

Adverb from here, from this source, from this cause, hence, henceforth

undique

Adverb from or on every side or all sides; all around, everywhere

unde

Adverb from where, whence, from what or which place, from which, from whom

vix

Adverb hardly, scarcely, with difficulty

hīc

Adverb here, in this place; in the present circumstances

ūnā

Adverb in one place or at one time, together with, at once, at the same time

sīc

Adverb in this manner; in such a manner; so, thus

vērō

Adverb in truth; in fact, but in fact, but

minus

Adverb less, not quite, not at all, too little

haud

Adverb no, not at all, by no means, not

ne (2)

Adverb not

nihil

Adverb not at all, by no means, not

non

Adverb not, by no means, no

nunc

Adverb now

iam (jam)

Adverb now, already, by , even now; besides

quantum

Adverb so much as; how much; how far

tantum

Adverb so much, just so much; only, to such a degree

ita

Adverb so, thus, in this way

quondam

Adverb some time or other; once; formerly

subitō

Adverb suddenly

eo

Adverb therefore, for that reason, consequently, by that degree; so much the more/less; there, to/toward that place, in that direction, to that object/point/stage

ubi

Adverb when, whenever, as soon as, in what place, in which, where, with whom

quo

Adverb where, to what place; to what purpose; for which reason, therefore

tandem

Adverb at length, at last, finally

quā

Adverb where, by which way or rout, in which place

secus

Adverb and Preposition following, late; otherwise, differently

sīn

Conjunction but if, if on the contrary

quoque

Conjunction also, too, as well, even

et

Conjunction an, and even; also, even

etiam

Conjunction and also, besides/furthermore, in addition, as well, even, actually, yes/indeed; now too, as yet, still, even now, yet again, likewise

nec; neque

Conjunction and not, not, nor

quod

Conjunction as to which thing; in that, that, indeed that, because; but, moreover, however

uti

Conjunction as, when, in order that, that, so that

at; ast

Conjunction but, but on the other hand; on the contrary; while, whereas; but yet; at least

vel ... vel

Conjunction either ... or

ut

Conjunction even if, how, as, when, while, to (+ subjunctive), in order that/to

sed

Conjunction except that; but, yet

tamen

Conjunction however, notwithstanding, nevertheless, still, yet

sī

Conjunction if; indeed, since

vel

Conjunction or

seu

Conjunction or if; or, 5.69

aut

Conjunction or, or rather/else; aut...aut = either...or (emphasizing one)

ubi

Conjunction where, whereby

dum

Conjunction while, as long as, until; provided that

quīn

Conjunction why not, wherefore not? nay but

autem

Conjunction but (postpositive), on the other hand/contrary; while, however; moreover, also

nam; namque

Conjunction for, on the other hand; for instance

ne (1)

Conjunction + Subjunctive that...not, so that...not, in order that..not, lest AFTER VERBS OF FEARING = "fearing...that" ; "lest"

quippe

Conjunction/Adverb because indeed, for indeed, for; because

tantum...quantum

Correlative so great as, so much as

tam...quam

Correlative so much, by so much

coepi, coepisse, coeptus

Defective Verb began, undertook

sīve (seu) — sīve (seu)

Elliptical Conjunction whether — or

-ve

Enclitic Conjunction either

-ve...-ve

Enclitic Conjunction either...or; both...and

-ne

Enclitic Interrogative signals a question

quisquam, quaequam, quidquam, or quicquam

Indefinite Pronoun any one, any, anything

quisque, quaeque, quodque or (subst.) quidque or quicque

Indefinite Pronoun each, every; each one, every one, everything

quisquis, quaequae, quidquid or quicquid

Indefinite Pronoun whoever, whosoever, whatever, whatsoever

quīcumque, quaecumque, quodcumque

Indefinite Relative whoever, whatever, whosoever, whatsoever

heu

Interjection oh! ah! alas!

quō

Interrogative where? to what place? whither? whereto?

quantus, a, um

Interrogative Adjective how great; what

quālis, e

Interrogative and Relative of what sort? what? of what aspect? of such kind as; such as, as,

supersum, superesse, superfui, superfuturus

Irregular to be in excess/superfluous (to), be left over, remain to be performed, survive

volo, velle, volui, -

Irregular to be willing, will, wish, want, prefer, intend

subeo, subire, subivi(ii), subitus

Irregular to climb/come/go up, ascend, go/move/pass/sink/extend underneath/into, steal in on assume a form, come up w/aid, place/be placed under/in, support, undergo, endure

queo, quire, quivi(ii), quitus

Irregular Verb be able

possum, posse, potui

Irregular Verb be able, can;

Acestes, -ae (m)

King in Sicily

ter

Numerical Adverb thrice, three times

referrī

Passive of referre = to go back, recede, 2.169; return, revert, 12.37

super

Preposition beyond, concerning, during (time), over (space), above, upon, in addition to

sub (+ abl)

Preposition during, about (time), under, beneath, behind, at the foot of (rest), within

sub (+ acc)

Preposition under, until, before, up to, about, up to, up under, close to (of motion)

in

Preposition (+ Ablative) in, on, at, in accordance with, in regard to, in the case of, within (time)

inter

Preposition (+ Acc) between, among, during

per

Preposition (+ Acc) by, by means of, during (time); through (space)

apud

Preposition (+Acc) at, by, near, among; at the house of; before, in the presence /writings/view of

ante

Preposition (+Acc) in front of, in the presence of, in view; before (space/time/degree); over against, facing

in

Preposition (+Accusative) into, about, in the midst of, according to, after (manner), for, to among

de

Preposition + Abl down/away from, from, off; about, of concerning; according to; with regard to

pro

Preposition + Ablative on behalf of; before; in front/instead of; for; about; according to; as, like

ex, e

Preposition + Ablative out of, from; by reason of; according to; because of, as a result of

cum

Preposition + Ablative with, together/jointly/along/simultaneous with, amid; supporting; attached; under command/at the head of; having/containing/including; using/by means of

sine

Preposition + Ablative without

circum

Preposition + Accusative around, about, among, near (space/time), in neighborhood of; in circle around

quidam quaedam quoddam

Pronoun certain; a certain (one); a certain thing

ego, mei

Pronoun I, me, us, we

aliquis, aliquis, aliquid

Pronoun anyone, anybody, anything someone; some, few some (particular) thing, some, any, a few, a certain some other, about, like (num)

is, ea, id

Pronoun he, she, it, they, that one

ipse, ipsa, ipsa

Pronoun himself, herself, itself; the very/real/actual one; in person; themselves

ille, illa, illud

Pronoun that; those (pl); that person/thing; the well known; the former

idem, eadem, idem

Pronoun the same

hic, haec, hoc

Pronoun this; these

quis quis quid

Pronoun who what which; any; anyone/anything, any such; unspecified some; (after si/sin/sive/ne); who/what/which?, what/which one/man/person/thing? what kind/type of?; who/whatever, everyone who, all that, anything that; who; that; which, what; of which kind/drgree; person/thing/time/point that; who?, which?, what?; what kind of?

sui, sibi, se, se

Reflexive Pronoun of himself, herself, itself, themselves, each other, one another

quantus, a, um

Relative Adjective (with or without tantus preceding) as, so great as, as much as, such as, in respect to quantity

regia

Substantive of regius, a, um a palace, home of the royal

proximus proxima proximum

Superlative Adjective nearest/closest/next; most recent, immediately preceding, last; most/very like

nullus -a -um

UNUS NAUTA Adjective no, non, not any; no one, none

eo magis

all the more

maiores

ancestors

ac, atque

and and also and besides

tot

as many, so many, so many, such a number of, such a great number of

cum saepe

as often happens

simul ac or atque

as soon as

ut primum

as soon as

adsum, adesse, afui, afuturus

be near, be present, be in attendance, arrive, appear aid

trahere ruīnam

bring destruction

sed enim

but indeed, however

sed autem

but yet

ab, abs, a

by (Agent) from (Separation/Causal/Temporal) after (Reference) at, in, on (a tergo = in the rear) ab milibus passuum = two miles away

civitas, civitatis 3F

community/city/town/state; citizens; citizen rights/citizenship, naturalization

uterque, utraque, utrumque

each (of two); both, either thing or alternative

prima nocte

early in the night

facile facilius facillime

easily

Tīsiphonē, ēs

f one of the three Furies

Sīrēnes, um

f. the Sirens, fabulous beings, in the form of birds with the faces of virgins, dwelling on dangerous rocks near the coast of Campania, to which they attracted mariners by their songs

longe latisque

far and wide

magnum/magnis itineribus

forced march

navis longa

galley; battleship

altus, alta, altum altior, altior, altius altissimus -a -um

high; deep, profound; shrill; lofty/noble; deep rooted; far-fetched; grown great

ut...ita

in proportion as

in animo habere

intend

eo, ire, ivi [ii], itus

irregular verb go, walk, march, advance; pass; flow; pass (time); ride, sail

aio, ai, ait, aiunt

irregular/defective verb say, assert; say yes, so, affirm, assent prescribe, lay down (law)

totidem

just, even so many; as many

ita...ut

just...as

multa nocte

late at night

sētius

less, the less

iam pridem

long ago

Ulixēs, is, eī or ī

m Ulysses, son of Laertes, king of Ithaca, and one of the Greek chiefs at Troy, distinguished for shrewdness and cunning

Dardanidēs, ae

m a son or descendant of Dardanus; the Trojans, Dardanian, Trojan

Scīpiadēs, ae

m one of the Scipios, a Scipio, 6.843

Trōes

m the Trojans,

consilium habere

make a plan

habeo orationem

make a speech

neque...neque

neither...nor

non iam

no longer

haud secus ac

nor otherwise than, just as

cum...tum

not only...but also

non modo...sed etiam

not only...but also

nōn or haud secus

not otherwise, not less; likewise, even so,none the less, nevertheless

non ita

not so very

haud sētius

not the less

is locus quo

place where= in which place

novae res

revolution

non nullus

some

accipio, accipere, accepi, acceptum

take, receive, accept, undertake, admit, let in, hear, learn, obey

Scaea Porta/ Scaeae Portae

the "Scaean" or western gate of Troy

sorōrēs Tartareae

the Furies

pugnatum est

the battle raged

regiō viārum

the beaten track, open road or path

the same as

the same as

ea quae

things which

mille passum

thousand paces = 1 mile

graviter/moleste ferre

to be annoyed at; angry with

aliter se habere

to be different; to be otherwise

rumpere vōcem

to break silence

se gerere

to conduct oneself

in number hostium habere

to consider as enemies

movere se

to dance

inter se

to each other, mutually

circum sedēre

to encamp about; to besiege

dare ruīnam

to fall in ruins

accido, accidere, accidi

to fall, befall, happen occur

multum posse

to have much/more/most influence/power

facere iter

to march; to travel

in Casarem incidere

to meeet with Caesar

utrōque

to or on both sides; on either side

summum in cruciatum venire

to punish severely

in fugam conicere

to put to flight

sē recipere

to resort, withdraw, betake one's self

pedem referre

to retreat

referre pedem

to return

recipere gressum

to return, 11.29

vōce referre

to speak, utter, exclaim

sē remittere

to submit, yield

ad

towards, against (Acc) at, near for the purpose of up to, about (when "numbering") up to, till, at, on (for time) after, according to, among

navis oneraria

transport/cargo ship

duo -ae -a

two

nihil

undeclined noun no,no concern, nonentity, nonsense, nothing, trifle/thing not worth mentioning

quandō

when; (indef.), at any time, (conj. of cause), when, since, ; as, since, because, sometimes joined w. sī as one word

utrum...-ne

whether...or

tu/vos

you

vōsmet

you, yourself, yourselves

vester, tra, trum

your, yours