Vertebrae
How many true ribs are there?
1-7
How many thoracic vertebrae do humans have?
12 giraffe
How many vertebrae make up the coccyx?
3-5 fused vertebrae
How many sacrum vertebrae do humans have?
5 fused vertebrae
How many lumbar vertebrae do humans have
5 moose
How many cervical vertebrae do we have?
7
Periosteum
A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles
--- on the os coxae articulates with the head of the --- to form the hip
Acetabulum, femur
What is the purpose of the sacral foramina?
Allows passage for spinal nerve branches to exit
What is the purpose of the greater sciatic notch in the pelvic bone
Allows passage of the sciatic nerve
___ ___ on the ilium articulates with the ___ ___ on the sacrum to form the ___ joint
Auricular surface, auricular surface, sacroiliac
What and where is the atlas? Describe its features.
C1 in cervical. Very large superior articulating surface for the occipital condyles. Does not have a body
Which vertebrae are transverse foramina found?
C1-C7
What and where is the axis? Describe its features.
C2 in cervical. Dens or odontoid process.
Which verterbrae are bifid spinous processes found?
C2-C6
perforating canals
Channels that cut through the compact bone
___ notch on the manubrium articulates with the ___ ___ of the clavicle
Clavicular, sternal end
___ notch on the body articulates with the costal ___ of the ribs
Costal, cartilage
Osteons
Cylindrical bullseye structures that comprise compact bone
___ on the axis articulates with the ___ to form the ___ joint
Dens, atlas, atlantoaxial
___ on the ___ process of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the ___ of the ribs
Facets, transverse, tubercles
Red bone marrow
Found within spaces of spongy bone
Typical parts found on all ribs (6)
Head shaft tubercle costal cartilages costal groove intercostal space
___ of the rib articulates with the superior and inferior ___ ___ on the body of the ___ ___
Head, costal facets, thoracic vertebrae
central canal
Hollow center of the osteon allowing passage for blood vessels and nerves
Name the three major bones of the Os Coxae
Ilium, ischium, pubis
___ ___ ___ articulate with superior ___ ___ on the vertebrae below
Inferior articular facets, articular facets
Lamela
Layers of bone matrix
___ ___ surface on the sacrum articulates with the ___ surface on the ___ to form the ___ joint
Sacral auricular, auricular, ilium, sacroiliac
Lacunae
Small dents between each lamella that contain osteocytes
___ and ___ costal facets (demifacets) on the body of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the head of the ___
Superior , inferior , ribs
___ ___ ___ articulate with inferior ___ ___ on the vertebrae below
Superior articular facets, articular facets
___ ___ Processes on the ___ articulate with the ___ ___ on the ___ bone to form the atlantooccipital joint
Superior articular, atlas, occipital condyles, occipital
___ ___ of the vertebral body articulates with the ___ ___ of the body of the vertebrae above; the intervertebral disc forms the ___ joint
Superior surface, inferior surface, symphysis
Describe Characteristics of a lumbar vertebrae
Thick spinous process, large thick body, triangular vertebral foramen
trabeculae
Tiny pieces of bone that make up the spongy bone
___ on the ribs articulates with the ___ on the transverse processes of the ___ ___
Tubercles, facets, thoracic vertebrae
How many false ribs are there?
Vertebrochondral: 3 (8-10) Floating: 2 (11-12)
3 Parts of the sternum
manubrium, body, xiphoid process