Vertebrae

How many true ribs are there?

1-7

How many thoracic vertebrae do humans have?

12 giraffe

How many vertebrae make up the coccyx?

3-5 fused vertebrae

How many sacrum vertebrae do humans have?

5 fused vertebrae

How many lumbar vertebrae do humans have

5 moose

How many cervical vertebrae do we have?

7

Periosteum

A dense fibrous membrane covering the surface of bones serving as an attachment for tendons and muscles

--- on the os coxae articulates with the head of the --- to form the hip

Acetabulum, femur

What is the purpose of the sacral foramina?

Allows passage for spinal nerve branches to exit

What is the purpose of the greater sciatic notch in the pelvic bone

Allows passage of the sciatic nerve

___ ___ on the ilium articulates with the ___ ___ on the sacrum to form the ___ joint

Auricular surface, auricular surface, sacroiliac

What and where is the atlas? Describe its features.

C1 in cervical. Very large superior articulating surface for the occipital condyles. Does not have a body

Which vertebrae are transverse foramina found?

C1-C7

What and where is the axis? Describe its features.

C2 in cervical. Dens or odontoid process.

Which verterbrae are bifid spinous processes found?

C2-C6

perforating canals

Channels that cut through the compact bone

___ notch on the manubrium articulates with the ___ ___ of the clavicle

Clavicular, sternal end

___ notch on the body articulates with the costal ___ of the ribs

Costal, cartilage

Osteons

Cylindrical bullseye structures that comprise compact bone

___ on the axis articulates with the ___ to form the ___ joint

Dens, atlas, atlantoaxial

___ on the ___ process of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the ___ of the ribs

Facets, transverse, tubercles

Red bone marrow

Found within spaces of spongy bone

Typical parts found on all ribs (6)

Head shaft tubercle costal cartilages costal groove intercostal space

___ of the rib articulates with the superior and inferior ___ ___ on the body of the ___ ___

Head, costal facets, thoracic vertebrae

central canal

Hollow center of the osteon allowing passage for blood vessels and nerves

Name the three major bones of the Os Coxae

Ilium, ischium, pubis

___ ___ ___ articulate with superior ___ ___ on the vertebrae below

Inferior articular facets, articular facets

Lamela

Layers of bone matrix

___ ___ surface on the sacrum articulates with the ___ surface on the ___ to form the ___ joint

Sacral auricular, auricular, ilium, sacroiliac

Lacunae

Small dents between each lamella that contain osteocytes

___ and ___ costal facets (demifacets) on the body of the thoracic vertebrae articulate with the head of the ___

Superior , inferior , ribs

___ ___ ___ articulate with inferior ___ ___ on the vertebrae below

Superior articular facets, articular facets

___ ___ Processes on the ___ articulate with the ___ ___ on the ___ bone to form the atlantooccipital joint

Superior articular, atlas, occipital condyles, occipital

___ ___ of the vertebral body articulates with the ___ ___ of the body of the vertebrae above; the intervertebral disc forms the ___ joint

Superior surface, inferior surface, symphysis

Describe Characteristics of a lumbar vertebrae

Thick spinous process, large thick body, triangular vertebral foramen

trabeculae

Tiny pieces of bone that make up the spongy bone

___ on the ribs articulates with the ___ on the transverse processes of the ___ ___

Tubercles, facets, thoracic vertebrae

How many false ribs are there?

Vertebrochondral: 3 (8-10) Floating: 2 (11-12)

3 Parts of the sternum

manubrium, body, xiphoid process