Week 1 chapter 1

Social Psychology embraces ________ as core scientific values. a) accuracy, objectivity, scepticism, and open-mindedness b) accuracy, objectivity, statistical support, and open-mindedness c) objectivity, theoretical coherence, open-mindedness, and scepticism d) theoretical coherence, participant-observer approach, client-centered stance, scepticism e) open-mindedness, scepticism, statistical support, theoretical coherence

a) accuracy, objectivity, scepticism, and open-mindedness

Social psychologists are primarily interested in understanding the many factors and conditions that shape the social ________ and ________ of individuals. a) behavior; thought b) behavior; planning c) emotion; cognition d) emotion; addiction e) thought; judgment

a) behavior; thought

In an experiment, researchers wanted to know whether changing the level of lighting in a factory would have an effect on the productivity of employees. In order to address this question, employees were randomly assigned to three separate identical work areas, but the lighting was set at a different level in each of the work areas. Then employees in all three work groups began to operate machinery that produced small electrical components. The number of components produced by each group was carefully tallied at the end of each 8-hour shift. In this example, the independent variable is ________. a) the level of lighting b) the employees chosen to participate in the experiment c) the number of components produced d) the machinery operated by the employees e) the presence or absence of the researchers

a) the level of lighting

The observation of behavior as it occurs in natural settings is known as ________. a) correlational observation b) naturalistic observation c) social observation d) systematic observation e) quasi-experimental observation

b) naturalistic observation

Research has, in adults, documented a negative correlation between obesity, and participation in physically demanding leisure activities. One possible interpretation of these results is that _____________. a) the lack of exercise is a primary cause of obesity b) obese people tend to exercise less than non-obese people c) obese people prefer mental challenges to physical ones d) some people are obese regardless of how much exercise they get e) non-obese people tend to be hyperactive adults

b) obese people tend to exercise less than non-obese people

Research has shown a positive correlation between socio-economic status of the family-of-origin and college graduation rates. Based on this information, we can conclude that ________________. a) financial aid such as scholarships and student loans does not take the place of having strong financial backing from one's family during the college years b) students born into wealthier families are more likely to complete college than students born into poorer families c) students from wealthier families are more likely to have attended college preparatory schools d) students from poorer families have a more difficult time adjusting to college life e) having adequate financial resources from his or her family will cause a student to finish college

b) students born into wealthier families are more likely to complete college than students born into poorer families

Researchers were recently surprised to learn that the correlation between the type of clothing people wear when they are not at work and the type of jobs they hold is approximately zero. Based on this, we can conclude that ________. a) people with lower status jobs tend to wear the same clothing both on and off the job b) there is no relationship between the types of clothing worn in non-work settings and the type of work that people do c) people with higher status jobs tend to dress worse when they are not at work d) people with higher status jobs tend to dress better on and off the job e) people with lower status jobs tend to dress worse than people with higher status jobs

b) there is no relationship between the types of clothing worn in non-work settings and the type of work that people do

A correlation exists between two variables when _____________. a) changing one variable has no effect on the other variable b) changing one variable causes the other to change by the same amount c) changes in the two variables are related to each other d) the two variables are inversely related - as one increases, the other decreases e) changing one variable sometimes causes the other to change and sometimes not

c) changes in the two variables are related to each other

The focus of social psychology is on ___________________. a) the processes society use to direct and control the behavior of individuals b) how groups define and shape society c) the behavior and thoughts of individuals d) the actions of small groups of individuals e) the effects that society may have on group behavior

c) the behavior and thoughts of individuals

1. The dependent variable is defined as the variable that is _______________. a) changed by the subject b) varied by the experimenter c) known by the experimenter d) adjusted by the experimenter e) measured by the experimenter

e) measured by the experimenter