Women's Health Final

(Select all that apply) Social scientists have attempted to understand what is meant by the popular lay term natural childbirth. Which of the following items have been included as a social practice integral to natural childbirth? (6)

1) Activity during birth 2) Preparation before birth 3) Social support

(Select all that apply) Which of the following statements concerning osteoporosis are true? (11)

1) Data show that tobacco use is a significant risk factor for bone loss. 2) Osteoporosis is often called a "silent disease" because neither pain nor specific symptoms are associated with this condition. 3) The spine, hips, and wrists are especially vulnerable to osteoporosis's effects.

(Select all that apply) Which of the following practices are evidence-based birth practices promoted by the World Health Organization? (6)

1) Freedom of movement for the laboring woman 2) Continuous labor support 3) Encouraging spontaneous pushing in non-supine positions

(Select all that apply) Which of the following statements are true? (5)

1) Teenage girls tend to rely on their male partners for contraception during early sexual intercourse experiences. 2) Adolescent women who use contraception are most likely to use condoms. 3) The average time period between an adolescent woman's first experience of sexual intercourse and a medical consultation is about 1 year.

(Select all that apply) Which of the following are considered to be fertility awareness methods? (5)

1) The calendar method 2) The basal body temperature method 3) The cervical mucus method

(Select all that apply) Non-drug options for pain relief during labor include which of the following? (6)

1) comfort measure 2) meditation 3) breathing exercises

In what year did the FDA approve the birth control pill? (1)

1960

Most women enter and complete menopause between age (8):

45 and 55

How many chromosomes does a zygote have? (6)

46 (23 from the mother, 23 from the father)

Which of the following women would be most likely to benefit from hormone therapy? (8)

A 41-year-old, otherwise healthy woman who is experiencing early menopause due to cancer treatment

Which of the following statements is true? (8)

A woman has completed menopause when her monthly periods cease.

Which of the following has contributed to increases in discussion and research about menopause over the past 100 years? (8)

All of these are correct.: An increase in the life span of the average woman, More open discussions about life span issues and sexuality, Less sexism in the medical community

Which of the following statements regarding comprehensive sex education programs has been found to be true? (4)

All of these are correct.: Teaching about contraception is not associated with increased risk of adolescent sexual activity, Adolescents who received comprehensive sex education had a lower risk of pregnancy than those who received abstinence-only education or no sex education, Many parents support comprehensive sex education programs in public schools.

Which of the following forms of contraception requires a visit to a healthcare provider for a physical exam, fitting, or prescription? (5)

All of these are correct.: diaphragm, IUD, Cervical cap

Which of the following statements is true? (11)

All of these are correct: 1. Osteoporosis is less common among African-American women than it is among White and Asian women. 2. African-Americans are about as likely as White Americans to have arthritis, but are more likely to have debilitating symptoms. 3. Diabetes is more prevalent among non-White populations, such as American Indians, non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and Asian-Americans.

Which of the following is a major risk factor for heart disease? (10)

All of these are correct: Diabetes, High blood pressure, Smoking

Which of the following risk factors predisposes a person to metabolic syndrome? (10)

All of these are correct: Elevated waist circumference, Elevated triglycerides, Elevated blood pressure

Sexual health includes which of the following facets of human interactions? (4)

All of these are correct: Physical, Psychological, Social and Cultural

Which of the following can reduce the risk for osteoporosis? (11)

All of these are correct: Quitting smoking, Performing weight-bearing exercises, Getting enough calcium and vitamin D in the diet

Which of the following is a sign of a stroke? (10)

All of these are correct: Sudden weakness, Trouble speaking or understanding speech, Trouble seeing in one or both eyes

Treatment for a heart attack can include (10):

All of these are correct: cholesterol-lowering medications, surgical procedures, behavior modification.

During their senior years, women should: (3)

All of these are correct: get regular exercise, have routine mammography as recommended by their healthcare provider, receive an annual vaccination to reduce the risk of influenza.

Misconceptions, stigma, and discrimination in health care toward people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender can result in: (4)

All of these are correct: missed disease, insensitive care from healthcare providers, unfair treatment.

Which of the following is a possible side effect of taking birth control pills? (5)

All of these are correct: more-regular menstrual periods, a reduced sex drive, clearing of acne

Causes of atherosclerosis include (10):

All of these are correct: plaques, stiffening of the arteries, twisted arteries.

Contraindications for the birth control pill include which of the following? (5)

Being a smoker older than age 35 years

Which of the following actions is an example of secondary prevention? (3)

Being screened for HIV/AIDS

What is the main characteristic of osteoporosis? (11)

Decrease in bone mass

Which of the following chronic diseases appears roughly equally in both sexes? (11)

Diabetes

Which of the following actions is an example of primary prevention? (3)

Eating a nutritious diet

(Select all that apply) Metabolic syndrome includes which of the following risk factors? (10)

Elevated waist circumference, Elevated triglycerides, Reduced HDL cholesterol

What causes osteoarthritis? (11)

Erosion of the cartilage between bones

Which of the following best represents the primary hormones used in hormone therapy (HT)? (8)

Estrogen only, or estrogen with progesterone

True or False? After menopause, a woman's body no longer produces estrogen. (8)

False

True or False? Depression is a chronic disease that occurs almost exclusively during or after menopause. (3)

False

True or False? E-cigarettes are safe to smoke (10)

False

True or False? From its beginning, the women's health movement embraced and advocated for women of all races and economic backgrounds. (1)

False

True or False? In the United States, most healthcare providers are reluctant to perform hysterectomies unless absolutely necessary.

False

True or False? On average, a woman can expect to live 10 to 15 years after menopause. (8)

False

True or False? Rates of depression fall sharply for women older than the age of 65 years. (3)

False

True or False? The most effective way to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases in populations is to ignore gender (1)

False

True or False? The percentage of women who use a method of contraception during their first sexual intercourse experience has decreased since 1985. (5)

False

True or false? From its beginnings, the American feminist movement has been inclusive with respect to race, class, and sexual identity. (1)

False

What are Braxton-Hicks contractions? (6)

False labor or contractions that occur during pregnancy

If a couple has repeated difficulties conceiving a child, what is most likely to be the cause? (6)

Fertility problems that are equally likely to be present in either partner

Which of the following birth control methods typically have a low failure rate during "typical use"? (5)

IUD and tubal sterilization

Which of the following is true about the feminist movement? (1)

It continues to evolve while pursuing the idea that women should have the same rights and opportunities as men.

Here is data for the hypothetical disease D, which lasts 3 days (3): Day 1: 1st case Day 2: 2 new cases Day 3: 4 new cases

Mark all that are true: On Day 3, the incidence is 4. and On Day 2, the prevalence is 3.

A contraceptive with a failure rate of 1% means which of the following? (5)

One out of every 100 women using this method will become pregnant every year.

Which of the following statements is true? (11)

Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fractures in postmenopausal women.

(Select all that apply) Women who have undergone natural menopause are at an increased risk for which of the following conditions? (8)

Osteoporosis, Cardiovascular disease, Urinary incontinence

Health promotion is: (3)

any planned education, political, social, or other campaign to help a person or population improve or maintain health

When the heart begins to beat irregularly, the condition is called: (10)

arrhythmia

By the end of the second stage of labor, the (6):

baby is born.

Women who breastfeed should (6):

consume a healthy diet and increase their consumption of calcium.

For most women, the use of hormone therapy should (8):

depend on a woman's symptoms, medical history, and personal preferences.

What is the most common symptom of menopause?

hot flashes

Fall-related injuries are of special concern to elderly women suffering from: (3)

osteoporosis.

Amniotic fluid (6):

protects the embryo/fetus from bumps.

The placenta (6):

serves as a conduit for the return of waste products back to the mother for disposal.

If the prevalence of a disease in an area is high but the incidence is low: (3)

the disease rate is probably stable.

Perimenopause is (8):

the life stage just before menopause.

Conception usually occurs in the (6):

upper third of the fallopian tube

Feminism is the idea that (1) :

women should have the same rights, opportunities, and privileges as men.

What are the largest behavior-related causes of death in the United States? (3)

Tobacco use, poor diet, and inactivity

Gina has been diagnosed with uterine cancer. Her surgeon will perform which of the following to remove only Gina's cervix and uterus? (8)

Total hysterectomy

Which of the following actions is an example of tertiary prevention? (3)

Treating a terminally ill patient with painkillers

True or False? Another term for cerebrovascular disease is stroke. (10)

True

True or False? Arthritis cannot be diagnosed with a single medical test. (11)

True

True or False? Bacteria cause Lyme disease, and deer ticks usually transmit these bacteria. (11)

True

True or False? Blood is the vehicle for transporting nutrients and waste throughout the body. (10)

True

True or False? Cardiovascular disease comprises a group of diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels. This includes stroke. (10)

True

True or False? FDA-approved forms of hormone therapy include pills, patches, creams, gels, sprays, and vaginal suppositories. (8)

True

True or False? Factors such as the hormonal variations caused by the menstrual cycle and the possible effects of a trial on a developing fetus can pose statistical and ethical challenges for clinical investigators. (1)

True

True or False? Family planning has allowed women to advance in society, while also resulting in healthier infants, women, and children. (5)

True

True or False? Genetics, social, political, and economic factors all influence racial differences in how chronic diseases affect women. (11)

True

True or False? Many women with fibromyalgia have difficulty getting their healthcare providers to acknowledge the condition. (11)

True

True or False? Some forms of chemotherapy can cause a woman to experience early menopause. (8)

True

True or False? Spermicide works by preventing sperm from fertilizing the ovum.

True

True or False? Stress can result in the failure to menstruate. (4)

True

True or False? The Bartholin's glands, located on each side of the vaginal opening, secrete a liquid that lubricates the vaginal tissues. (4)

True

True or False? Transgender women who are taking estrogen typically do not experience symptoms of menopause. (8)

True

True or False? Weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercises help to maintain bone density and to prevent osteoporosis. (11)

True

Which of the following actions is an example of primary prevention? (3)

Quitting smoking to prevent lung disease

Which of the following factors is associated with earlier onset of natural menopause? (8)

Smoking Cigarettes

Which types of birth control prevent sperm from fertilizing an ovum after they have entered the reproductive tract? (5)

The diaphragm and spermicides

What is menopause? (8)

The natural or artificially induced end of a woman's menstrual cycle

Which of the following statements is true? (6)

The only real cure for preeclampsia is delivery.