Women's Health Midterm
found most Americans were monogamous and happy about it
ABC primetime poll
18%
About what percentage of the Gross Domestic Product is spent on health care?
sexual and nonsexual components of relationships
Blumstein and Schwartz
affects maturation of reproductive organs, menstruation, and pregnancy
Estrogen
women should have the same rights, opportunities, and privileges as men.
Feminism is the idea that ________________
Third Party Payer
For most non-elderly Americans, the health-care system in the United States is based on a ____________ system.
D
Generic drugs are ______________________________. A. the chemical equivalent of brand-name drugs. B. less costly than brand-name drugs. C. unregulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). D. A and B
- Poverty - Underweight and malnutrition - HIV/AIDS - Violence - Maternal morbidity and mortality
Global threats to women's health include:
helps sustain pregnancy, produced in embryo and placenta
HCG
Sexual practices of American Women
Hite Report
The number of deaths in a year/the total population
How is the mortality rate for a country or region calculated?
28 days
How long is the Ovarian Cycle
1%
In the United States, the maternal mortality rate is currently about how much?
Factors affecting sexual behavior in males/females
Kinsey Report
assist in production of estrogen and progesterone, triggers ovulation, produced in pituitary
Luteinizing hormone
Control the costs of health care by changing how delivery of care is coordinated and how health care is reimbursed.
Managed care plans were introduced to:
Sexual response cycle phases
Masters and Johnson
Provided to all enrollees and covers inpatient care
Medicare Part A Provides:
Optional and covers outpatient services
Medicare Part B Provides:
Discounts in prescription drug costs to some Medicare recipients.
Medicare Part D provides:
Public health insurance programs
Medicare and Medicaid are examples of ___________________
Get health insurance through a centralized government source
Most people living in developed countries ______________.
Incidence
New cases of a condition that occur during a specified period of time
1. GnRH 2. FSH 3.Progesterone and estrogen
Order reproductive hormones are released
helps maintain uterine lining
Progesterone
sexual behavior and attitudes of American women
Redbook Survey
D
Ron doesn't have health insurance. As a result, he is more likely to _______ than someone who has health insurance coverage. A. be more sick or hurt when he receives health care B. have less access to health care services C. be hospitalized more often D. All of these
1%
Roughly ______ of total medical expenditures are spent on efforts to improve the public health.
Epidemiology
Study of pattern of disease in a population
moistening of vaginal walls
Sweating
inner 2/3 of vagina expands
Tenting
helps stipulate sexual interest , produced in adrenal glands and ovaries
Testosterone
FDA
The _______ checks the safety of food and cosmetics, and the safety and efficacy of pharmaceuticals, biological products, and medical devices.
Morbidity rate
The incidence of illness in a given population during a particular time period.
available, but illegal and difficult to obtain.
Throughout the 19th century, birth control was __________
1. Accidents (unintentional injuries) 2.Cancer 3. Assault (homicide) 4.Suicide 5.Heart disease
Top five causes of death for female adolescents
1. Unintentional injuries 2. Homicide 3. Cancer 4. Suicide 5. Heart disease
Top five causes of death for young adult women (18-44)
False
True or False? Congress passed, and 37 states approved, the Equal Rights Amendment, which became part of the Constitution in 1972.
True
True or False? Many Americans have sporadic health coverage, having insurance for some but not all months in a given year.
True
True or False? Over the next 30 years, the proportions of the population that are Asian and Hispanic will increase.
False
True or False? The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) will provide all Americans with health insurance by 2020.
False
True or False? The percentage of people who die from accidents increases with age.
False
True or False? Throughout the 19th and early 20th centuries, most Americans had health insurance of some kind.
True
True or False? Women are more likely than men to provide long-term care for elderly or disabled relatives.
True
True or false? Different levels of neurotransmitters make women more prone to depression than men.
True
True or false? Globally, women are more likely than men to experience poverty and many diseases.
False
True or false? The Surgeon General's primary responsibility is to oversee the health of members of the U.S. military.
True
True or false? The population of women in the U.S. have very different health needs.
True
True or false? Women's health includes the study of the health of populations as well as individual women.
1. Preferred provider organizations (PPOs) 2. Point-of-service (POS) 3. Health maintenance organization (HMOs) 4. High-deductible health plan (HDHP) with a health savings account (HSA)
Types of Managed Care Plans...
Cancer and Heart Disease
What are the leading causes of death for U.S. women ages 45 and up?
It required that women and minorities be included as subjects in all human research funded by NIH
What did the NIH Revitalization Act do for Women's health?
The amount of a bill a patient with insurance must pay to receive healthcare.
What is a co-payment?
Tobacco use and poor diet/inactivity
What two lifestyle behavior-related causes of death kill the most people in the U.S.?
Analytic studies
What type of studies are: -Observational studies *Retrospective *Prospective
Descriptive studies
What type of studies are: -Population or correlational studies -Individual studies
1960
What year did the FDA approve the birth control pill?
pituitary gland
Where is FSH produced
ovaries, adrenal glands, and placenta during pregnancy
Where is estrogen produced
The Office on Women's Health
Which agency coordinates all women's health initiatives throughout the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services?
CDC
Which federal organization provides surveillance of patterns of health and disease in the U.S.?
D
Which of the following actions is a secondary preventive measure that young adult women should practice?A.Having annual endoscopic exams. B.Taking medication to control chronic diseases. C. Eating a nutritious diet. D.Having STI screening for those at high risk.
A
Which of the following actions is an example of primary prevention? A. Avoiding tobacco use to prevent lung cancer B. Alleviating the pain of a terminally ill, hospitalized patient. C. Rehabilitating a stroke victim at an extended care facility. D. Using radiation to stop the spread of prostate cancer.
A
Which of the following are all developing countries? A.Kenya and Paraguay B.Canada and Japan C.The United States and England D.All of these
A
Which of the following federal groups does NOT provide health insurance? A. the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention B. the Bureau of Indian Affairs C. Medicare D. the Veterans Administration
C
Which of the following is a top UN priority for improving women's health? A. Providing access to the latest cancer medications for all men and women B.Eliminating poverty in the developed world C.Improving women's access to basic health care in the developing world? D.All of these
A
Which of the following is an example of tertiary prevention? A. Physical therapy to improve movement and coordination after a stroke. B. A campaign to prevent smoking among young Latina women C. Screening for sexually transmitted infections D. All of these
D
Which of the following is prevents women throughout the U.S. from receiving health care? A. Lack of health insurance B. Unfair treatment due to race or sexual orientation C. Poverty or an inability to pay for care D. All of these
B
Which of the following is true about the feminist movement? A. It is an idea that has largely been ignored outside of the United States. B. It continues to evolve while pursuing the idea that men and women should have the same rights and opportunities as men. C.From the beginning, it has embraced and given a voice to women from every race and background. D. Most female intellectuals dismiss feminism as outdated, because women have achieved equality to men in virtually all arenas.
Hispanic Americans
Which of the following racial/ethnic groups are most likely to be uninsured in the U.S.?
Scientists test the safety of the drug by giving it to fewer than 100 healthy people.
Which of the following situations describes Phase I of a clinical trial for a new antidepressant?
C
Which of the following statements concerning prevention programs is NOT true? A. Prevention programs for sexually transmitted infections and preconception care programs can save money by preventing expensive downstream medical care. B.Disease prevention efforts are only rarely successful at reducing human costs such as pain, anxiety, or inconvenience. C.Some health insurers have recognized the economic value of disease prevention efforts. D.Obesity in the U.S. costs billions of dollars in addition to direct medical costs.
Title X Program
Which program provides funding for reproductive health and family planning services?
Prevalence
______________is the total number of people affected by a given condition at a point in time or during a given period of time.
stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth, produced in hypothalamus
oxytocin
stimulate milk production, produced in pituitary
prolactin
stimulates muscle contractions, mediate hormone responses, produced in all body cells
prostaglandins
Intervention studies
what type of studies are clinical trials?
hypothalmaus
where is GnRH produced
ovaries, adrenal glands
where is progesterone produced
1. menstrual phase (about 3-5 days) 2. proliferate phase (about 9 days) 3. secretory phase (14 days)
3 phases of menstrual cycle
1. follicular phase (1-10) 2. ovulatory phase (11-14) 3. luteal phase (14-28)
3 phases of ovarian cycle
1. excitement 2. plateau 3. orgasm 4. resolution
4 phases of sexual arousal/ response
