113 - Nervous System Unit Test
cauda equina
"horse's tail", a fan of nerve fibers below the spinal cord
Nerve that transmits sensory info to the spinal cord
2 afferent nerve
lateral ventricles
A set of paired ventricles lying within the cerebral hemispheres.
Pons function
Assists medulla in regulating autonomic functions like breathing
Cerebellum function
Balance and coordination
pia mater
Innermost layer of the meninges
central sulcus
Separates frontal lobe from parietal lobe
Snellen test
Test visual Acuity. Pt stands 20 ft reads letters.
proprioception
The ability to tell where one's body is in space.
cerebellum location
back of brain
CSF functions
buoyancy, protection, environmental stability
efferent nerves
carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord; motor nerves
insula
cerebral lobe located deep within lateral sulcus
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
The olfactory bulbs are located
directly below the frontal lobes.
which meningeal layer has folds
dura mater
denticulate ligaments
extensions of pia mater that secure cord to dura mater
filum terminale
fibrous extension of the pia mater; anchors the spinal cord to the coccyx
temporal lobe function
hearing
nystagmus
involuntary, jerking movements of the eyes
frontal lobe function
involved in motor function: problem solving, memory, judgment, impulse control
polysynaptic
multiple synapses
contralateral
on the opposite side of the body
ipsilateral
on the same side of the body
monosynaptic
one synapse
parietal lobe
portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear; receives sensory input for touch and body position
precentral gyrus
primary motor cortex located in the frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex
ependymal cells
produce cerebrospinal fluid
choroid plexus
produces cerebrospinal fluid
reflex arc components
receptor, sensory neuron, integration center, motor neuron, effector
Gyri (gyrus)
ridges of the cortex of the cerebrum
Cranial Nerve I: Olfactory
sense of smell
tentorium cerebelli
separates cerebrum from cerebellum
transverse fissure
separates cerebrum from cerebellum
longitudinal fissure
separates left and right hemispheres
falx cerebri
separates the two cerebral hemispheres
Sulci (sulcus)
shallow grooves that separate gyri
crista galli of ethmoid bone
superior projection in the middle of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone; providing a point of attachment for the dura mater, helping to secure the brain within the skull
which lobe of the brain is responsible for hearing
temporal lobe
Ishihara test
test for color blindness
bone conduction
the conduction of sound to the inner ear through the bones of the skull
corpus callosum
the large band of neural fibers connecting the two brain hemispheres and carrying messages between them
blind spot
the point at which the optic nerve leaves the eye, creating a "blind" spot because no receptor cells are located there
optic chiasm
the point in the brain where the visual field information from each eye "crosses over" to the appropriate side of the brain for processing
medulla oblongata
the posterior part of the brain that controls the rate of breathing and other autonomic functions
air conduction
the process by which sound waves enter the ear through the pinna
postcentral gyrus
the strip of parietal cortex, just behind the central sulcus, that receives somatosensory information from the entire body
dura mater
tough outer layer of the meninges
rods and cones
two types of photoreceptors
occipital lobe function
visual processing
arachnoid mater
weblike middle layer of the three meninges
subarachnoid space
a space in the meninges beneath the arachnoid membrane and above the pia mater that contains the cerebrospinal fluid