2023 cosmetology state board
the most commonly used brush for monomer liquid or polymer powder is a _ brush
#8 oval
what's the darkest hair color level
1
how long should your mission statement be
1-2 sentences
when applying fabric wraps how far should you keep fabric from the sidewall and eponychium
1/16
when waxing, the hair SHOULDN'T be longer than
1/2 inch
disulfide bonds account for about _ of the hairs overall strength
1/3
disulfide bonds account for about ___ of the hairs overall strength
1/3
the application for virgin relaxers start _ away from the scalp
1/4 to 1/2 inch
one advantage of sugar waxing is that hair as short as _ can be removed
1/8 inch
when using polish remover, saturate a cotton ball and hold on the nail for a count of
10
how long should a foot basin disinfect
10 minutes
how long should you leave a hot roller on hair
10 minutes
most quats solutions disinfect implements in
10 minutes
when disinfecting your implements during the pre-service procedure, how long should you leave them immersed in disinfectant solution
10 minutes
to become a creative director, you must have at least ___ of experience as a hairdresser
10 years
how long should it take for soft wax to melt for lip waxing
10-15 minutes
UV bulbs are NOT available in what style
10-watt
how long is a typical soft bender rod
12 inches
Clinical studies show that photoepilation can provide 50 to 60 percent clearance of hair in:
12 weeks
a paraffin bath is designed to melt solid paraffin wax and maintain it at a temperature between _ degrees
125 and 130
a sun protection factor (SPF) of _ or higher is considered to be adequate strength for daily use
15
to prevent premature skin aging, you should make a daily use of broad spectrum sunscreen with at least what SPF
15
generally, clients are asked to reschedule an appointment if they're more than ___ min late
15 min
new clients should be instructed to arrive ___ min early so they can complete the intake form
15 min
a student needs _ hours for an cosmetology course
1500
a student needs _ hours for barbering course
1500
it would be appropriate to use a _ grit abrasive to shape the free edge and remove imperfections during a monomer liquid and a polymer powder enhancement application
180
the associated master barbers of america, which eventually became the associated masters barber and beauticians of america, was organized in chicago in the
1920's
farouk shami invented the world's first ammonia-free haircolor in the
1980's
first spa pedicure system introduced to the professional beauty industry by creative nail design in what year
1998
how many hair growth treatments have been approved by the FDA for sale in the USA
2
the rope braid is created by twisting how many strands of hair
2
when making a hard press, how many times should you apply the thermal pressing comb on each side of the hair
2
Activator will dissipate in about _____ after being applied.
2 minutes
the typical UV bulb should be changed
2 or 3 times a year
an element molecule is a molecule containing
2 or more atoms of the same element in definite proportions
The first round of nail wrap maintenance should take place _____ after the initial application.
2 weeks
how long of servicing clients should you have before you can make a living on straight commission compensation
2 years
the average hair density is about how many hairs per square inch
2,200
proper maintenance of monomer liquid and polymer powder nail enhancements should be performed every
2-3 weeks
Each day, you should ensure that the disinfection container is filled with clean disinfectant solution at least _____ minutes before your first service.
20
the average time a potential employer will spend scanning your resume before deciding to grant you and interview is about
20 seconds
when washing your hands, you should rub and lather for at least
20 seconds
Salon AHA exfoliants, or peels, typically contain what concentration of AHA?
20 to 30 percent
the standard hydrogen peroxide volume used with permanent hair color is
20 volume
a metal pusher should be held like a pencil with the flat end held at a _ angle from the nail plate
20-30 degrees
gel polish can last up to _ days
21
commissions can range from _% depending on multiple factors
25 to 60
how many bones make up the foot
26
polypeptide chains are cross-linked like the rungs on a ladder by ___ different types of side bonds
3
with proper care, a braided hair design can last how long
3 months
when stored under ideal conditions, a properly formulated emulsion can be stable for up to
3 years
clients with colored hair usually visit the salon every
3-12 weeks
the traditional method for the paraffin bath is to dip and redip the hands and feet how many times
3-4
when removing a fabric waxing strip, you should run your hand over the strip how many times
3-5
what term describes any art protruding from the nail
3-d nail art
when applying light cured gel, you should leave a _ gap around the cuticle and sidewall area
3/16 an inch
after the first treatment, you should block about _ to explain proper home care for the client
30 minutes
a student needs _ hours for an electrology course
300
a UV light unit with 4 8-watt lamps in it is called a
32 watt
in the salon, a _ c-curve is the average for nail enhancements
35%
branders report that tree braids are faster than some other techniques, taking about how long
4 hours
for the bonding method of attaching hair extensions, natural hair should be how long
4 inches
replacement of a natural fingernail takes about
4 to 6 months
what is the accepted time between pedicure appointments
4 weeks
how long do cornrows tend to last
4-6 weeks
the scheduling time between waxing services is generally
4-6 weeks
the natural pH of hair is between
4.5-5.5
True acid waves have a pH between
4.5-7
cosmetologists are entitled to overtime if they work over _ hours in a week
40
the adjustable lamp attached to the manicure table should use an iridescent or florescent bulb of how many watts
40-60
after schooling, it should take how long for a basic manicure
45 minutes
a student needs _ hours for an manicuring course
450
In half off-base placement, the hair is wrapped at an angle of:
45° angle
female clients should be warned not to shave their legs within _ before a pedicure
48 hours
a pH of _ is neutral for hair
5
how long should you leave callus softener on the callused area
5 min
to be an education director, you must have at least ___ of experience as a cosmetologist
5 years
how long should you allow a clients feet to soak at the beginning of a pedicure
5-10 min
a properly processed permanent wave should break and rebuild approximately _% of the hairs disulfide bonds
50%
Generally, a shear with a Rockwell hardness of _____ is ideal.
56 or 57
a shampoo with a pH of _ closely matches the pH of hair
6
An acid-balanced wave has a pH of:
7
pure water has a pH of _
7
a student needs _ hours for an esthetics course
700
there are approximately how many pints of blood in the body
8-10
the most common UV bulb on the market is a _ bulb
9 watt
evaluations are commonly scheduled _ days after hiring
90 days
to produce halfbase curls strong curls with moderate lift or volume you - should hold the hair at a -angle:
90°
Generally, keratin straightening treatments eliminate up to what percent of frizz and curl?
95%
there are _ naturally occurring elements
98
what should you use to remove foundation from its container
A clean spatula
human immunodeficiency virus causes
AIOS
how often should a lip liner pencil be cleaned
After each use
Laser hair removal is most effective when used on follicles that are in the growth, or _____, phase.
Anagen
which process infuses an alkaline product into the tissues from the negative pole towards the positive pole
Anaphoresis
Modern antidandruff shampoos, conditioners, and topical lotions contain _ agents
Antifungal
what is a technique that uses diagonal lines to create angles by cutting the ends with a slight increase or decrease in length
Beveling
the technique of drying and styling the hair in one operation
Blow dry styling
With the _____, base sections are offset from each other row by row.
Bricklay permanent wrap
the 5 major elements in skin and hair are referred to as
COHNS elements
what are the 2 basic requirements for a healthy scalp
Cleanliness and stimulation
the questionnaire that discloses all medications, known medical issues, skin disorders, or allergies that a client. may have is called
Client intake form
Curving inward; prominent forehead and chin, with other features receded inward.
Concave profile
curving outward; receding forehead and chin
Convex profile
for a client with green eyes, which shadow color would be considered complementary
Copper
A _____ perm wrap is wrapped perpendicular to the length of the rod, in overlapping concentric layers.
Croquignole
Wave patterns that must be taken into consideration when designing a style.
Design texture
the process of softening and removing hardened sebum stuck in the follicles is called
Desincrustation
Lines with a definite forward or backward movement
Directional lines
what method of wrapping provides the most control over the hair ends
Double flat wrap
Hair removal by means of an electric current that destroys the growth cells of the hair is:
Electrolysis
oily or fatty ingredients that prevent moisture from leaving the skin are
Emollients
a(n) _ is a chemical exfoliant that works by dissolving keratin protein in the surface cells
Enzyme peel
What type of melanin gives black and brown color to the hair?
Eumelanin
Stress strips are typically applied during the:
Four-week maintenance session
the technical term for brittle hair
Fragilitas crinium
peeling creams that are rubbed off the skin are called
Gommages
the condition that describes abnormal growth of hair
Hypertrichosis
Which straightening method combines use of a thio relaxer with flat ironing?
Japanese thermal straightening
powder mineral makeup is usually applied with a
Kabuki brush
which method of hair removal requires the hair to be darker than the surrounding skin
Laser hair removal
The key to determining which shampoo will leave the client's hair shiny and manageable is:
List of ingredients
whats a type of staph infection that's highly resistant to antibiotics
MRSA
modelage masks are recommended for clients with
Mature skin
What is a form of mechanical exfoliator that involves shooting aluminum oxide crystals at the skin
Microdermabrasion
the most frequent hair removal requests from men
Nape of the neck, chest, and back
OSHA defines ___ as specialized clothing/equipment worn for protection against a hazard
PPE's
The melanin that gives blond and red colors to hair is called:
Pheomelanin
intense pulsed light (IPL) is also known as
Photoepilation
the first step of double process hair coloring is
Pre-lightening
Hair removal is contraindicated for clients taking which medication?
Prednisone
finger waving is the process of shaping and directing the hair into a(n) _ pattern
S
in a pin curl, the _ determines the width of a wave and it's strength
Size of the circle
A guideline that does not move and to which all other sections are combed is a(n):
Stationary guideline
the basic permanent wrap is also known as
Straight set wrap
under processed hair is usually
Straighter at the scalp and curlier at the ends
the hair removal method that involves the use of a thick, sugar based paste is called
Sugaring
The sulfites used as low-pH hair relaxers are compatible with:
Thio relaxers
All the electrical appliances you use should be __ certified.
UL
moisturizers that contain a broad-spectrum sunscreen protect against _ rays
UVA and UVB
which rays of the sun are known as aging rays
UVA rays
what type of UV light is most associated with sunburns
UVB
which UV rays cause majority of skin cancer
UVB
hydroxide relaxers are
Very strong alkalis
ultraviolet (uv) rays applied to the skin during a treatment prompt the skin to produce
Vitamin D
a(n) _ measures the amount of the electric energy used in 1 second
Watt
which method(s) is appropriate for underarm hair removal
Waxing
the _ uses zigzag partings to divide base areas
Weave technique
what should NOT be used to remove calluses
a blade
after buffing the nail plate to remove shine, you should remove the nail dust with
a clean, dry nail brush
which type of comb should you use for separating wet, curly hair
a double toothed comb
phenolic disinfectants have
a high ph
a local infection confined to a particular part of the body is indicated by
a lesion containing pus
whats an example of equipment
a manicure table
what brush does NOT have to be cleaned and disinfected
a nail polish brush
after heating a pressing comb, test it on
a piece of light paper
for a _ nose, you should apply a lighter foundation down the center of the nose, ending at the tip
a small flat
what should you use to remove nail products from their containers
a spatula
a committment to consistantly doing a good job for your clients, employer, and the salon team demonstrates
a strong work ethic
which of the following is appropriate to wear to the salon
a stylish top
which muscle separates the toes
abductor digiti minimi
which of the following is an example of a chemical property
ability of wood to burn
most LED lamps cure gel
about 4 times faster than UV lamps
cool tones
absorb more light, so they look deeper than their actual level
after an enhancement service, you should wipe the dampen dish clean with
acetone
which of the following conditions is a disorder in which follicles become clogged, resulting in infection with redness and inflammation
acne
which skin disorder is characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands from retained secretions
acne
reproductive hormones may affect which conditions
acne, loss of scalp hair, and darker skin pigmentations
the powdered persulfate salts added to color to increase its lightening ability are called
activators
when using galvanic current, the electrode that is applied directly to the skin is the _ electrode
active
in galvanic current, the electrode used on the area to be treated
active electrode
when preparing a disinfectant solution, you should
add the disinfectant to the water
The reduction reaction in permanent waving is due to the:
addition of hydrogen
a technical term for fat is
adipose tissue
braiding is regarded in many _ cultures as an opportunity for women to socialize and fork relationships
african
how often should you clean and disinfect your shears
after every client
how often does a pedispa need disinfected
after every pedicure
spray on instant sanitizers are not recommended for brush cleaning because the _ can dry out brushes over time
alcohol
a(n) _ mask is applied quickly, forms a seal, and dries to a rubberized texture
alginate
what is also called a base, is a compound that reacts with acids to form salts
alkali
Cold wave is another term for a(n) _____ wave.
alkaline
a(n) _ is an alkaline substance used to neutralize acids or raise PH of hair products
alkanolamine
whats an example of a qualifying word
all, most, usually
a reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances is an
allergy
the cosmetologists pedicuring stool must
allow for ergonomically correct positioning
capless wigs
allow the scalp to breathe
which should be applied to soothe skin after waxing
aloe gel
triangular base curls are recommended for
along the front or facial hair line
the term used to describe abnormal hair loss
alopecia areata
what word is an absolute
always
whats an example of a professional behavior
always being considerate
whats NOT one of the golden rules of communication
always remember that talking is the best relationship builder
compounds consisting of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur
amino acids
proteins are made of long chains of
amino acids
what's a colorless gas with a pungent odor composed of hydrogen and nitrogen
ammonia
what's the active ingredient in alkaline permanents
ammonium thioglycolate
the unit that measures the strength of the electric current is a(n)
amp
to avoid infection after tweezing, sponge the area frequently with cotton moistened with
an antiseptic lotion
the flow of electricity along a conductor is called
an electric current
the chemical reaction that's produced by modelage masks causes
an increase in temperature
the unit that measures the resistance of an electric current is
an ohm
new hair is produced during the ___ phase or growth phase
anagen
the study of human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye is called
anatomy
a(n) _ brush is a narrow, firm makeup brush with a flat edge
angle
Base placement is determined by the:
angle at which the hair is wrapped
a deficiency in perspiration is called
anhidrosis
The positive electrode on an electro therapy device is called an
anode
chemical germicides that are formulated for use on skin and are registered/regulated by the FDA are called
antiseptics
what is true about hair
anyone of any race can have straight or extremely curly hair
the _ is the area of the nail that has all of it's own strength
apex
when preparing a spiral rod set, the hair must be completely dry or else the style will
appear frizzy
a term used to encompass a broad range of specialty areas, including hairstyling, nail technology, and esthetics
appearance enhancement
when preparing a clients hair for braiding, what should you do next after shampooing and towel blotting the hair
apply a leave in conditioner
if the client has a low forehead, you should
apply a lighter foundation just above the brows
when pressing a clients hair, you should NOT
apply as much pressure on the hair as possible
when using the stop, rock, and hold method of securing a tip to a natural nail you should
apply steady pressure as you rock the tip on
its recommended that you invest in a ___ as a part of your standard work attire
apron/smock
the most commonly shaped base in pin curls is
arch
methyl methacrylate (mma) products
are extremely difficult to remove
forged shears
are made by hammering or pressing metal to a finished shape
the therapeutic use of essential oils for beauty and health treatment is called
aromatherapy
the muscles that cause goose bumps are called
arrector pilli muscles
which person establishes the standard for salon or manufacturers' image
artistic director
light-cured gels are NOT
as hard as monomer and polymer nail enhancements
how often should the hair be shampooed
as often as necessary to remove dirt, oils, and product buildup
in class, when something is unclear, you should
ask for clarification
what is established when 2 imaginary halves of a style have an equal visual weight, but the 2 halves are positioned unevenly. opposite sides or the style are different lengths/have different volume. asymmetry can be horizontal/diagonal
asymmetrical balance
how many additional services should you suggest during 10-step consultation method
at least 2
when should you apply sunscreen
at least 30 min before sun exposure
when should vibration be applied
at the end of the massage
an _ is the basic unit of matter
atom
humectants are ingredients that
attract water
effective sterilization typically requires the use of ___ to complete
autoclaves
if a clients head measures 22', what size wig should you choose
average
the process of steam distillation was refined by:
avicenna
when providing services for a client with rosacea, you should
avoid treatments that release heat
the most common bacteria are
bacilli
the crown is defined as the area between the apex and the
back of the parietal ridge
the technique of combing a small section of hair from ends to scalp to form a cushion/base is known as
backcombing
one-celled microorganisms with plant and animal characteristics
bacteria
paronychia is caused by a ___ infection
bacterial
disinfectants used in salons must be
bactericidal, fungicidal, and virucidal
when disinfecting a footbath, you must use a disinfectant that is
bactericidal, virucidal, and fungicidal
Establishing equal or appropriate proportions to create symmetry in a design. relationship of height to width
balance
which method of hair removal involves twisting and rolling cotton thread along the surface of the skin
banding
fringe area; triangular section that begins at the apex, or high point of the head, and ends at the front corners.
bang area
you do NOT need to bring what number to an interview
bank account number
the most common and least severe type of skin cancer is
basal cell carcinoma
the hot stones used in pedicures are typically
basalt
the _ is the panel of hair on which the roller is placed
base
with eyeshadow, a _ color is generally a medium shade that's close to the clients skin tone
base color
what's used to protect skin and scalp during a relaxer
base cream
the 2nd ingredient most shampoos have in common is the primary surfactant or
base detergent
where should you place the comb to perform the coil comb technique
base of the scalp
where is the occipital bone
base of the skull
what is a stem
basic question or problem
what type of salon relies on a high volume of walk-in traffic
basic value priced operations
monomer liquid and polymer powder should NOT
be applied under a nail tip
when working in a salon, it's important that you should
be counted on to tell the truth
whats NOT a recommended strategy for getting the conversation started on retailing products
be informed on merits of using generic store brands
the nail extension underside should
be smooth
to be a good team player, you must
be willing to help with anything in the salon
which condition is characterized by visible depressions across the width of the natural nail plate
beau's lines
the thin layer of tissue thats attached to the nail plate
bed epithelium
when should you wash your hands
before and after each client
you should wash your hands thoroughly
before and after every service
the initiator that is added to polymer powder to start the chain reaction of curing is
benzol peroxide
when is the massage performed in a traditional manicure
between manicure procedures and polish application
nail enhancement oligomers are
between solid and liquid
the process of bacteria dividing into 2 cells is called
binary fission
the term ___ refers to colonies of microorganisms that adhere to environmental surfaces, as well as the human body, and secrete a sticky protective coating that cements them together
biofilms
onychophagy is the technical term used to describe ___ nails
bitten
when the sebum of a comedo is exposed, it oxidizes, producing
blackheads
the disinfectant sodium hypochlorite is commonly known as
bleach
protruding/bulging eyes can be minimized by
blending the deeper color shadow over the prominent part of the upper lid
a _ is a head shaped form used for fitting, styling, or coloring a wig
block
in ancient rome, middle class women wore their hair:
blonde
examples of connective tissue
blood, cartilage, and adipose tissue
the microorganisms that cause hepatitis and HIV are called
bloodborne pathogens
a bruised nail bed with a dark purplish spot under the nail plate is the result of a
bloodclot
to cancel out orange tones in the hair, you should use
blue tones
which of these is a cool color
blue, green, violet
gels used to increase adhesion to the nail plate are called _ gels
bonding
with the exception of the teeth, the hardest tissue in the body is the
bone
Which end paper technique uses one end paper folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope?
bookend wrap
it's recommended to apply base cream when using
both base and no base relaxers
light cured gel polish may be used on
both natural nails and nail enhancements
chemical texture services change the structure of the hair how
both physically and chemically
a state regulatory agency can issue penalties against
both salon owner and the cosmetologist
salt bonds can be broken by ___ solutions
both strong alkaline and strong acidic
the popular waxing technique that involves the removal of all the hair from front and back of bikini area is
brazilian waxing
if you've created an online employment portfolio, when you go in for an interview you should
bring a printed copy
what's an enzyme extracted from pineapple
bromelain
foul-smelling perspiration caused by bacteria is
bromhydrosis
on the day of your exam, you should
budget your time to ensure you have time to finish the test
during a cut, when the hair is elevated below 90° you
build weight
a _ gel is used to create an arch and curve on the nail
building
some _ gels have fiberglass strands compounded into them during the manufacturing process
building
which types of gels may be pigmented
building gels and self-leveling gels
what's the fastest way to tell if a strand of hair is synthetic or real human hair
burn it with a match
an epilator removes hair
by pulling it out of the follicle
continued, repeated pressure on any part of the skin can cause it to thicken and develop into a
callus
conventional hood hair dryers
can be used to shorten chemical processing time
the technical term for grey hair
canities
synthetic hair wigs
cannot be styled with a curling iron
machine-made wigs are referred to as
capless wigs
substances lacking what element are classified as inorganic
carbon
volatile organic compounds contain _ and evaporate very easily
carbon
whats another name for the wrist
carpus
a (n) _ is an additive in monomer liquid that is used to control the set or curing time of the product
catalyst
a(n) _ is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction
catalyst
an ion with a positive charge is a(n)
cation
which part of a cell encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to enter and leave the cell
cell membrane
what is the basic unit of all living things from bacteria to animals and plants
cells
the ___ nervous system controls all voluntary muscle actions
central
if the foundation color is chosen is too light, it will appear
chalky
what do you do if your client is gossiping
change the subject asap!
salt bonds are broken by
changes in pH
who invented the machine that supplied electrical current to metal rods around which hair strands were wrapped during the waving process
charles nessler
who marketed the first nail polish
charles revson
during the golden age of greece, women ground cinnabar to produce coloring for:
cheeks and lips
what is used to remove the residue of pedi products from foot spas
chelating detergents
hair that has been lightened, colored, or permed is categorized as
chemically treated
the hair that is wrapped around the roller is the
circle
a switch that automatically interrupts or shuts off an electric circuit at the first indication of an overload is a(n)
circuit breaker
a _ is a half round, rubber base brush used for smoothing and untangling all hair types
classic styling brush
A _____ mask is an oil-absorbing mask that is often recommended for oily and combination skin.
clay based
the overlapping layers or scales of natural bristle brushes are used to
clean and add luster to the hair
You should ___ once a week
clean fans and ventilation systems
what are the 2 steps of infection control
cleaning and then disinfecting
male clients typically prefer what nail coating
clear satin
the ___ is the communication with a client that determines the clients needs and how to achieve desired results
client consultation
the client intake form is also known as
client questionnaire, consultation card, health intake form
which tool is mainly used when creating short haircuts, short tapers, fades, and flat tops
clippers
hair follicles that appear like small bumps just underneath the skins surface
close comedones
hair with largest diameter and usually requires more processing time is
coarse
a _ is used to thin enhancement product to prepare the enhancement for a refill or rebalance
coarse grit abrasive
what type of hair requires a highly alkaline chemical solution
coarse, resistant hair
which bacteria are transmitted in the air, dust, or within the substance in which they settle
cocci
the fiberous protein that gives skin form and strength is
collagen
when the bristles of a square paddle brush encounter too much resistance, they
collapse
the clavical is also known as
collarbone
the base coat is typically
colorless
a _ is used to lift hair away from head
comb with a pick at one end
the rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light is called
combustion
a percentage of the money the salon takes in from sales may be offered to practitioners as a
commission
which of the following is NOT an important life skill for salon employees
competitive attitude
a chemical combination of 2 or more atoms of different elements in definite proportions is a(n)
compound
the most common type of perm rod is the
concave rod
the thick, heavy foundation used to hide skin imperfections is
concealer
The strength of any permanent wave is based on the:
concentration of its reducing agent
what type of product is a special chemical agent applied to the hair to deposit protein or moisturizer
conditioner
a _ shampoo is designed to make hair appear smooth and shiny
conditioning shampoo
when performing a relaxer device it's appropriate to
conduct periodic strand tests during the service
which type of tissue supports, protects, and binds together parts of the body
connective tissue
the amount of time surfaces must stay moist with disinfectant in order to be effective is called
contact time
a valuable employee is one who intends to
continue learning throughout their career
education that is employment or license related; used to motivate, enrich, update skill sets, satisfy licensing requirements; or further your career
continuing education
a _ is formed when a product that is darker than the clients skin tone is used to create shadows over prominent features so they're less noticeable
contour
horizontal and vertical lines that meet at a 90° angle and create a hard edge
contrasting lines
the varying degrees of warmth exposed during a permanent color or lightening process is called
contributing pigment
good posture
conveys an image of confidence
monomer liquid and polymer powder should be stored in a
cool, dark area
a preservative treatment does NOT
correct a facial condition such as dryness
When using a lightener, the oxidation process occurs within which layer of the hair?
cortex
most of the total weight of hair comes from what layer of the hair
cortex
the _ gives hair the majority of its strength and elasticity
cortex
the side bones of the _ must be broken in order to change the natural wave pattern of the hair
cortex
which term encompasses the broad range of specialty areas including hairstyling, nail technology, and esthetics?
cosmetology
examples of single-use items
cotton balls, wood sticks, and gauze
nail polish drying accelerators are NOT typically applied with a
cotton swab
of all the factors that will affect your test performance, the most important of your mastery is
course content
what should NOT be included in your employment to portfolio
cover letter
the clients arm cushion must be
covered with a fresh, clean towel for each client
you should NOT
cram the night before the licensing exam
you should NOT use a medium grit abrasive to
create a high shine on natural nail where no polish will be worn
when an interviewer asks if you have any questions, you should
create as much dialogue as possible
what does polymerization reaction do
create long polymer chains
if the client has an oblong face, you should apply makeup to
create the illusion of wider cheekbones
___ is an unlimited inner resource of ideas and solutions
creativity
the scab on a sore is an example of
crust
a _ is a small scoop-shaped implement used to remove debris from the nail folds and cuticle area
curette
polymerization is also known as
curing
what wrapping pattern uses pie shaped base sections
curvature permanent wrap
Lines moving in a circular or semi-circular direction, used to soften a design
curved lines
the _ is the outermost layer of the hair
cuticle
the ___ is the dead, colorless tissue attached to the nail plate
cuticle
the watery fluid that the nucleus needs for growth, reproduction and self repair is
cytoplasm
how often should you log tips for tax purposes
daily
monomer liquid and polymer powder are each poured into a special holder called a(n)
dampen dish
what color is the blood found in veins
dark red
eyebrow powders make the brows appear
darker and fuller
when a bacteria cell grows and splits into 2 new cells, they are called
daughter cells
what term was coined by beauty legend noel decaprio in the late 1980's
day spa
what type of light is best for a makeup consultation
daylight
what 2 important functions are performed by neutralization process
deactivating waving solution and rebuilding disulfide bonds
The first function of thio neutralization is the:
deactivation of any remaining waving lotion
Pus, the fluid inside a pustule, is largely made up of:
dead white blood cells
the removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an items surface is called
decontamination
in the test taking process, reaching logical conclusions by employing logical reasoning is called _ reasoning
deductive
which nerve of the lower leg and feet is also called the anterior tibial nerve
deep peroneal nerve
not paying back debt such as a car loan is called
defaulting
when using eyeshadow, a contour color may be used for any purposes like
defining lash line, minimize puffiness, and count out the crease
the main ingredient in most shampoos is _ water
deionized
a(n) _ is an obvious line where foundation starts or stops
demarcation
the # of individual hair strands on 1" of the hair is called
density
the measurement of the individual hair strands on 1" square sections of the scalp is hair
density
hair texture does NOT refer to
density of the hair
what determines the size and # of subsections needed to complete a haircut
density of the hair
OSHA was created as part of which federal agency
department of labor
a _ is a substance used for the temporary removal of super-fluous hair by dissolving it at the skins surface
depilatory
the small, cone shaped area at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the hair bulb is the
dermal papilla
what is the medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin
dermatology
what's the 1st step in post service procedure
determine whether client is satisfied
a coil is NOT
determined by the diameter of the hair
the sudoriferous glands
detoxify the body
a _ is an oxidizing agent that, when mixed with an oxidation hair color, supplies the oxygen gas to develop the color molecules and create a change in natural hair color
developer
when performing a consultation, you should NOT
diagnose the client with a nail disease or disorder
Lines positioned between horizontal and vertical, used to emphasize or minimize facial features, are:
diagonal lines
variations in hair texture are determined by feel and _ of the hair
diameter
the _ face has a narrow forehead and the greatest width across the cheekbones
diamond shaped
the cuticle is
difficult to remove
couperose skin is indicated by
diffuse redness
the blow dryer attachment that causes air to flow softly and excentuates or keeps the textural definition is the
diffuser
before use, all concentrated disinfectants must be
diluted
when using monomer liquid and polymer powder, you should
dip brush in liquid, then in the powder
when applying monomer liquid and polymer powder nail enhancements, after dipping the brush in monomer liquid and removing the excess, you should
dip the same brush in the powder and rotate it slightly
the spherical bacteria that cause diseases such as pneumonia
diplococci
the ability to deliver truthful, even difficult, messages in a kind way
diplomacy
constant, even flowing electrical current that travels in one direction only is called
direct current
the most common way infections spread in a salon
dirty hands
what should you do if your vent brush is missing one of its protective tips
discard the brush
after an enhancement service, monomer liquid in the dampen dish should be
discarded
when communication with co worker DONT
discuss your personal life
which term refers to an abnormal condition of all or part of the body that makes it incapable of carrying on normal function
disease
bonded wefts of hair are removed by
dissolving the bond with oil
what water treatment process is often used in cosmetic manufacturing
distillation
what type of water should be used in most steamers
distilled water
a ___ provides salons with information about new products, trends, and techniques
distributer sales consultant
thio neutralizers are used to reform ___ bonds
disulfide
the strongest of the 3 side bonds are
disulfide bonds
whats an example of an inappropriate interview question
do you have any physical disabilities
light cured gel polish
does NOT thicken over time
a noncomedogenic product is one that
does not contain ingredients that would clog the follicles
alipidic skin is skin that
does not produce enough sebum
what work surface should be disinfected daily
doorknobs and handles
the stitch used in extensions where thread is wound twice around the needle is a(n)
double- lock stitch
a _ is a flat leather pad will find teeth to sandwich human hair extensions so a specific amount of hair can be extracted without loosening/disturbing the rest of the hair during the process of braiding
drawing board
separate networks of curly, textured hair that have been intertwined together are called
dreadlocks
if equal amounts of liquid and powder are used to create a bead, its called a _ bead
dry
what type of bead should be used with odorless monomer liquid and polymer powder products
dry
when does the scalp massage usually begin
during the conditioning service
the rate of nail growth increases dramatically when
during the last trimester of pregnancy
when using light tapping movements during a facial massage, you should work from the chin to the
earlobe
hacking is a chopping movement performed with the
edges of the hands
when recommending to a client, what would you NOT base your criteria for suggestions on
education
which term refers to the act of successfully sharing info, between 2 or more people so that its understood
effective communication
which term refers to the effectiveness with which a disinfecting solution kills germs when used according to label instructions
efficacy
for the soothing/relaxation effects, every massage should begin and end with
effleurage
what massage technique is commonly used during a foot and leg massage
effleurage
what type of massage involves a succession of strokes in which the hands glide over an area of the body with varying degrees of pressure or contact
effleurage
which type of massage involves light, stroking movement applied with the fingers or palms in a slow, rythmic manner
effleurage
nails hat are flexible with a thin, white nail plate, which may curve over the free edge are called
eggshell nails
which ancient culture was the first to cultivate beauty in an extravagant fashion
egyption
the ability of the hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking is called hair
elasticity
unique protein structures in the cortex are responsible for color and ___ of hair
elasticity
wrinkles around the eyes and jawline or sagging skin is the result of loss of the skins
elasticity
the protein base that helps skin regain its shape after being stretched or expanded is called
elastin
a(n) _ is an applicator used to direct electric current from a machine to the clients skin
electrode
electricity is the movement of _ from one atom to another along a conductor
electrons
the simplest form of chemical matter is an
element
what's NOT an example of a physical mixture
element
the cortex of the hair has a fibrous protein core formed by
elongated cells
focus; the place in a style where the eye is drawn first before traveling to the rest of the design
emphasis
job descriptions DONT include
employees projected yearly salary
a(n) _ is a collection of photos and documents that reflect your skills, accomplishments, and abilities in your chosen career field
employment portfolio
2 or more immiscible substances combine with a special binding ingredient to create a(n)
emulsion
peptide bonds are also known as
end bonds
what type of wave is activated by an outside heat source, such as a conventional hood type hair dryer
endothermic
matter does NOT exist in which form
energy
your makeup should
enhance your facial features
the broad muscle that covers the top of the skull
epicranius
the outer-most layer of the skin is the
epidermis
mucous membranes are an example of which tissue
epithelial
products marketed as cuticle moisturizers are designed for the
eponychium
the living skin at the base of the natural nail plate that covers the matrix area is the
eponychium
a neutral skin tone containers
equal amounts of warm and cool tones
the science of designing the workplace as well as its equipment and tools to make specific body movements more comfortable, efficient, and safe
ergonomics
whats the science of designing the workplace and its equipment and tools to make specific body movement more comfortable, efficient and safe
ergonomics
the practice of aroma therapy uses
essential oils
the specialist who provides cleansing treatments for the skin
esthetician
the moral principles by which you live and work are called
ethics
which term is the moral principles by which we love and work
ethics
light, spongy bone between eye sockets
ethmoid bone
the most commonly used versions of monomer liquid in the beauty industry are odorless monomer liquid and
ethyl methacrylate
people with dark-colored skin mostly produce
eumelanin
how often should clients return for maintenance on light cured gel enhancements
every 2 weeks
to ensure the proper size when measuring for nail tips, the tip selected should
exactly cover the nail plate from sidewall to sidewall
intense pulse light is used to treat what
excessive hair, spider veins, and rosacea
a(n) _ is a product used to remove excess dead skin cells from the skins surface
exfoliant
a(n) _ releases a significant amount of heat
exothermic reaction
a(n) _ is a hair addition secured to the base of the clients natural hair to add length, volume, texture, or color
extension
muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line are the
extensors
a super strength relaxer is recommended if the client has
extremely curly hair
what's applied to eyelids to accentuate or contour them
eyeshadow
what do you use if you want to absorb excess oils and minimize the shine on oily skin
face powder
the skull is divided into 2 parts: cranium and the
facial skeleton
when determining skin color, you must first decide if the skin is
fair, medium, or deep
darker shades of nail polish are generally appropriate for which seasons
fall and winter
the body needs ___ for many body functions; including hormones and sebum production
fats
if you have to remove your hands during a facial manipulation you should
feather them off gentley
beauty professionals who have to stand/sit all day and perform repetitive movements are susceptible to problems in these areas
feet, neck, and wrists
the _ is the metal part that holds a brush intact and supports the strength of the bristles
ferrule
what type of wrap is made from a very thin synthetic mesh with a loose weave
fiberglass wraps
when repairing a crack in a nail enhancement, you should remove polish, push back eponychium, remove cuticle tissue, file, and then
file a v shape into the crack
to remove hard UV and LED gels, you must
file the gel off to the natural nail
the application of enhancement product to the new growth of nail that appears weeks after the initial application of a nail wrap is called
fill
a _ is used to equalize hair porosity
filler
the process in which water passes through a porous substance to remove suspended materials is called
filtration
when flatironing, use lower settings for _ hair
fine
which type of abrasive is used for buffing nails
fine-grit
when making the rolling movement with a thermal iron you should use your
fingers
on which part of an SDS would you find info about the symptoms and effects of exposure to the chemical substance
first-aid measure
bacilli and spirilla bacteria use slender, hair-like extensions called
flagella
when using odorless monomer liquid, you should use a __ brush
flat
when blending nail tips to match the surface of the natural nail plate use a buffer/board and hold it _
flat to the nail
the extensor muscles involved with bending the wrist are the
flexors
what should you do if you find studying overwhelming
focus on small tasks, one at a time
a(n) _ is used in a pedicure bath to soften the skin on the feet
foot soak
With a spa pedicure, massage is performed on the:
foot, lower leg
mass or general outline of a hairstyle. 3-dimensional, has length, width, and depth
form
When the silicone polymers and formalin in keratin-based straightening treatments are heated to high temperatures, they release:
formaldehyde gas
what type of cosmetic is a flesh-toned base makeup that's used to cover/even out the coloring of the skin
foundation
which cosmetic is used first during makeup application
foundation
a(n) _ salon is a salon with a national name and consistent image and business formula used at every location
franchise
the ___ is the part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe
free edge
the ponytail is NOT the foundation of which hairstyle
french pleat
what type of massage involves a deep rubbing massage movement where pressure is applied while moving over an underlying structure
friction
when applying the sealer gel, you should apply it
from base to free edge using polish style strokes
the direction of massage movements should always be
from insertion to origin of muscle
when using a cleansing wipe to remove the inhibition layer from light cured gel, you should wipe
from the cuticle to the free edge
when shaping natural nails during a manicure procedure, the nails should be filed
from the side to the center of the free edge
the ___ artery supplies blood to the forehead and upper eyelids
frontal
bone that forms the forehead
frontal bone
scalp muscle that draws scalp forward
frontalis
a person with tinea pedis has a ___ infection
fungal
a fungicidal disinfectant is capable of destroying
fungi
an acute, localized bacterial infection of a hair follicle that produces constant pain, is called a boil or a
furuncle
the conscious act of planning your life, instead of just letting things happen
game plan
when you study, you should
gather everything you'll need before hand
a pledget is a
gauze pad square
what type of styling product creates the strongest control for slicked or molded styles
gel
if a client has flat fingernails, you should use a
gel that uses fiberglass
compared to pin curls, rollers
give a stronger set
what should you do if you find yourself feeling frustrated, worried, or guilty
give yourself some downtime
specialized organs that remove elements from the blood and convert them into new compounds are
glands
what type of gel is used over the finished and filed gel application to create a high shine
glossing gel
what's an oily substance used as moisturizer in skin and body creams
glycerin
what's the main active ingredient in true acid and acid balanced waving lotions
gmtg
which color of eyeshadow would be the best choice for a client with blue eyes
gold
the _ haircut is a slow/immediate buildup of weight
graduated
the heavy pancake type makeup that is used for theatrical purposes is called
greasepaint
the 3rd prong on the plugs of some appliances is called the
grounding pin
the melanin granules found in fine hair texture are
grouped tightly
the _ is the direction the hair grows from the scalp
growth pattern
a_ is a section of hair that determines the length the hair will be cut
guideline
the thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root is the
hair bulb
which layer of the hair consists of transparent, scale-like cells
hair cuticle
which layer of the hair provides a barrier that protects the inner structure of hair
hair cuticle
which cutting tool is mainly used to cut blunt/straight lines
hair cutting shears
the ___ is the tube like depression in the skin/scalp that contains the hair root
hair follicle
when tweezing the eyebrow, pull hair in direction of the
hair growth
a small wig used to cover the top and crown of the head is called a(n)
hair piece
the process of temporarily straightening extremely curly hair by using a heated iron or comb is called
hair pressing
the 2 parts of a mature strand of human hair are
hair root and hair shaft
the portion of the hair that projects above the skin is called
hair shaft
what's a technique used to keep curly hair smooth and straight while retaining a beautiful shape
hair wrapping
today, cosmetologists frequently specialize in
haircutting
where should you begin shampooing a clients hair
hairline
what type of styling product is applied in the form of a mist to hold a style in position
hairspray
which type of roller placement is used for medium volume
half base
a _ wig is made by inserting individual strands of hair into mesh foundations and knotting them with a needle
hand-tied
if your salon has well water, it's most likely _ water
hard
a _ approach focuses emphatically on why a client should buy a product
hard sell
creation of unity in a design; most important of the art principles. holds all elements of the design together
harmony
a water-in-oil emulsion
has water droplets emulsified in oil
extremely curly hair DOESN'T typically
have a fairly regular/uniform diameter along a single strand
the trash container should
have a self-closing lid
when standing to cut hair, you should
have client extend their hand across table to you
what should you measure on a clients head for a wig
head circumference, ear to ear, and front to nape
the shape of the head is also known as the
head form
in the fusion method, hair is bonded to the clients hair with bonding material activated by
heat
cascade/stand-up curls are used to create _ in hair design
height
which form of hepatitis is the most difficult to kill in a salon
hepatitis b
chemically treated hair will have what porosity
high porosity
what machine uses a glass electrode filled with a gas, such as neon
high-frequency
Thio relaxers use the same ATG that is used in permanent waving, but at a:
higher concentration and a higher pH
which condition refers to the growth of an unusual amount of hair on parts of the body normally bearing only downy hair
hirsuties
When the using the clipper-over-comb technique, you should
hold the comb stationary and cut the length against the comb
one guideline for achieving and maintaining good posture is
hold your shears level and relaxed
whats NOT a bad habit
holding elbows at less than a 60 degree angle when cutting
what type of lines direct the eye from one side to the other
horizontal
lines parallel to the floor and relative to the horizon; create width in a hair design
horizontal lines
the base direction can be
horizontal, vertical, or diagonal
which question should you ask when determining how the client feels about the manageability of their hair
how would you rate the manageability of your hair on a scale of 1-10 1 being poor and 10 being excellent
what's the best material to use for hair extensions
human hair
in a corporate structure, which department typically handles financial planning for employees
human resources
a(n) _ absorbs moisture or promotes retention of moisture
humectant
largest bone of the arm, elbow to shoulder, is the
humerus
a reducing agent is a substance that adds _ to a chemical compound or subtracts oxygen from the compound
hydrogen
the term pH represents the quantity of _ ions
hydrogen
which type of side bond can be broken by water or heat
hydrogen bond
the neutralizer usually used with thio relaxers is
hydrogen peroxide
what is NOT a component of all exothermic waves
hydroxide relaxer
u-shaped bone at base of tongue that supports the tongue and its muscles is
hyoid bone
dark blotches on the skin caused by sun exposure or hormonal imbalances are known as
hyperpigmentation
darker than normal pigmentation is splotches is known as
hyperpigmentation
alternating bands of grey and pigmented hair throughout the length of the hair strand is called
hypertrichosis
the ___ is a slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the finger tip and free edge of natural nail plate
hyponychium
archeological studies reveal that early forms of haircutting and hairstyling were practiced in some form as early as the ___ age
ice age
When performing a permanent wave, you should:
immediately replace towels that have become wet with solution
the ability of the body to recognize, destroy, and resist infection
immunity
oily hair and scalp can be caused by
improper shampooing
nail dehydrators are used to remove surface moisture and oil on the natural nail plate in order to
improve adhesion
soft wax should be applied to the area to be treated
in the direction of hair growth
the point where curls of opposite directions meet forming a recessed area is called the
indentation
all members of state board must reside in _
indiana
which term refers to the invasion of body tissues by disease causing pathogens
infection
acquired immunity is NOT obtained through
inheritance
odorless products harden more slowly, which creates a sticky tacky layer called the _ layer
inhibition layer
what starts a chain reaction that leads to the creation of very long polymer chain
initiator
a substance that DOESN'T easily transmit electricity is called a(n)
insulator
skin and sweat glands are part of which system
integumentary
the nail is considered part of which system
integumentary
which artery supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear
internal carotid artery
to earn clients trust and loyalty, you should always
introduce them to people they may interact with in salon
continuing education is NOT typically used to
introduce you to the field of cosmetology
a(n) _ is a device that changes direct current to alternating current
inverter
an atom or molecule that carrie's any electric charge is a(n)
ion
the process that used galvanic current to enable water-soluble products to penetrate the skin is called
iontophotesis
the highest part of an eyebrow arch should be in line with the
iris of the eye
a preliminary test curl
is the client allergic to any products that will be used
a disadvantage of lin is that it
is very flammable
when performing aa maintenance service on light cured gel enhancements you should clean the nail with
isopropanol
what's the primary benefit of ammonia-free waves
it doesn't smell as bad
a _ is a document that outlines all duties and responsibilities of a particular salon position
job description
the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton is the
joint
when working with older clients, as a general rule, you should
keep the topics of conversation professional
when performing a shampoo, the most important posture rule is
keep your shoulders back
to prevent injuries when working, you should ___ as much as possible
keep your wrists in a straight position
a thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue
keloid
which of the following is an example of a secondary skin lesion
keloid
what is the principle component of hair and nails
keratin
the maturing process of hair is
keratinization
a callus is a ___ caused by continued, repeated pressure/friction on any part of the skin
keratoma
trichorrhexisnodsa is the technical term for
knotted hair
three bad habits that prevent peak personal performance are procrastination, perfectionism, and ___
lack of a game plan
dehydrated skin
lacks moisture
small, thin bones located at the front inner wall of the orbits
lacrimal bones
hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond converting it into a _ bond
lanthionine bond
hydroxide chemical hair relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to
lanthionine bonds
what color primer should be used to reduce a sallow skin appearance
lavender
when applying liquid and powder nail enhancements, you should
leave a tiny free margin between the product and the skin
if you're right handed, which hand do you use to stretch the skin tight while tweezing
left hand
a ___ is any mark on the skin that may indicate an injury or damage that changes structure of tissues or organs
lesion
whitish discoloration of the nails is a sign of which condition
leukonychia spots
the _ system is used by colorists to determine the lightness or darkness of a hair color
level
the saturation, density, or concentration of color is referred to as
level
a ___ is a tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones/holds organs in a place is a
ligament
on a nail plate, the early stages of a typical pseudomonal bacterial infection are identified as a ___ spot
light-green
when performing a test to determine wether metallic salts are present, the hair will _ in the solution if they're present
lighten rapidly
Hydrators recommended for use on oily skin types are generally:
lighter weight
a(n) _ is a thin, continuous mark used as a guide in hair cutting
line
what type of wrap is made from a closely woven heavy material
linen wraps
what should you use to apply lip color to a clients lips
lip brush
lakes are pigments most commonly found in
lip color
the oil-attracting tail of a surfactant molecule is termed
lipophilic
which toe should you start with when removing tonenail polish
little toe
hepatitis is a bloodborne virus that can damage what part of the body
liver
when searching for potential employees, you should
locate a salon that serves the type of clients you wish to serve
The double-rod wrap technique is especially effective on _ hair
long
what should you use to seperate the hair into large sections
long clips
when taking the practical portion of the licensing exam, you should not
look around to make sure you're keeping up
being well groomed begins with
looking and smelling fresh
how a person ___ is often the first clue to determining if they have what it takes to do the job
looks
Eyeliner is NOT available in which form?
loose powder
what are potential consequences of failing to maintain a professional image
loss of income, a poor reputation, and loss of clients
the nail will show through a gel that has
low opacity
what kind of waves are sulfites used in
low pH
Hair with a tight cuticle that makes it difficult for chemicals and moisture to penetrate has:
low porosity
the visible part of the matrix that extends from underneath the living skin is the
lunula
sodium hydroxide, commonly known as _ is a very string alkali used in chemical relaxers, callus softeners, and drain cleaners
lye
the clear fluid that bathes skin cells, removes toxins and cellular waste, and has immune functions is called
lymph
the clear fluid that helps carry waste and impurities away from the cells before its rerouted back to the circulatory system is
lymph
the least-expensive wig option is a
machine-made wig
a freckle is an example of a
macule
what metal is NOT commonly used to form ionic compounds in metal hydroxide relaxers
magnesium
when your clients are your peers, you should
maintain a professional demeanor
because the salon is a close knit community in which people spend hours side by side it is important to
maintain boundaries
when performing a scalp massage, you should
maintain contact with the head at all times
research has determined that dandruff is the result of a fungus
malayassezia
black/dark brown patches on skin that may appear uneven is a sign of what type of cancer
malignant melanoma
the largest and strongest bone of the face is the
mandible
the ___ nerve affects the muscles of the chin, lower lip, and external ear
mandibular
which does not work for a salon
manufacturer educator
poly means
many
what type of nail art includes use of 2+ colors together on the nail
marbelizing
who invented the first curling iron
marcel grateau
whats a concentrated treatment product often made of mineral clays, moisturizing agents, skin softeners, aromatherapy oils, extracts, and other beneficial ingredients
mask
nails will continue to grow provided that there's no damage to the
matrix
normal, healthy nails grow in a variety of shapes, depending on the shape of the
matrix
if you're applying makeup for a special occasion that will include flash photography, _ colors are recommended
matte colors
any substance that occupies space and has mass is considered
matter
in 1908 ___ began selling makeup that was popular with movie stars because it didn't cake/crack
max factor
tuberculocidal disinfectants
may require special methods of disposal
products used to physically remove dead cell buildup are
mechanical exfoliants
a mix that has 1 1/2 times more liquid than powder is a
medium bead
the ideal mix ratio for monomer liquids and polymer powders is
medium beads
for toenails, a _ file works best for shaping
medium grit
a client with olive skin has which tone and color
medium, cool
vellus hair almost never has a
medulla
which layer is sometimes absent from the hair
medulla
skin color depends on tiny grains of pigment, or coloring matter called
melanin
the matrix does not contain
melanocytes
increased pigment cells within the matrix bed are responsible for a condition called
melanonychia
whats NOT an example of an academic skill
memory
which is NOT an action step for success
merging personal and work lives
acid-free and nonacid nail primers have largely replaced primers that use
methacrylic acid
the nail that grows fastest is on what finger
middle finger
when you have _ youre committed to a strong code of moral and artistic values
mintegrity
if 2 liquids are mutually soluble, they're considered
miscible
acetone is
miscible with water
a ___ establishes the purpose and values by which an individual or institution lives and works
mission statement
a statement that establishes the purpose and values for which an individual/institution lives and works by
mission statement
the process in which cells reproduce and divide into two identical cells is called
mitosis
the amount of monomer liquid and powder are used to create a bead is called the
mix ratio
The different types of electrical currents used in facial and scalp treatments are called
modalities
when performing a hand, skin, and nail analysis, evaluate what
moisture level of skin, temperature of skin, condition, and length of the nails
list examples of fungi
mold, mildew, and yeast
a _ is a chemical combination of 2 or more atoms in definite (fixed) proportions
molecule
a monomer is one unit called a(n)
molecule
when you have _ you have the drive needed to take the necessary actions to achieve a specific goal
motivation
a _ point is the area over a muscle where pressure or stimulation causes a contraction
motor
impulses are carried from the brain to the muscles by ___ nerve fibers
motor
nerves that carry impulses from the brain to the muscles are ___ nerves
motor
Which styling product is a whipped product that resembles shaving foam and builds moderate body and volume?
mousse
pre-shaped plastic/aluminum enhancements used as a guide to extend nail enhancements beyond the fingertip for additional length are called
multi-use nail forms
items that can be used again and again
multiuse items
the tissue that contracts and moves various parts of the body is
muscle tissue
which body system covers, shapes, and holds the skeletal system in place
muscular system
tips are income additional to regular compensation and
must be tracked/reported on taxes as income
for older clients with uneven, texturized skin, you should use _ colors
muted
the portion of living skin that supports the nail plate
nail bed
discolorations of the nail plate or under the free edge of a nail can be removed using
nail bleach
which tool is used to quickly and efficiently shorten the free edge
nail clippers
what product should you apply first during a toenail polish application
nail dehydrator
whats used to remove surface moisture and tiny amounts of oil left on the natural nail plate
nail dehydrator
what cannot be immersed in liquid disinfectant
nail drill
if you use too much powder while creating a bead, the
nail enhancements may become discolored
the ___ are slits/furrows on each side of the nail
nail grooves
what is a designed to absorb into the nail plate
nail oil
nail polish is applied to the
nail plate
the ___ is hardened keratin that sits on and covers the nail bed
nail plate
what product is used to chemically bond the enhancement product to the natural nail
nail primer
salmon patches are a sign of what condition
nail psoriasis
when the skin is stretched by the nail plate, the resulting condition is known as
nail pterygium
a _ is a metal implement that is designed to file in one direction
nail rasp
the bonding agents used to secure nail tips to the natural nails
nail tip adhesives
Premolded nails shaped from a tough polymer that are adhered to the natural nail plate to add length are:
nail tips
a _ is any method of securing a layer of fabric or paper on and around a nail tip to ensure strength and durability
nail wrap
___ bones form the bridge of the nose
nasal
where is the external jugular vein located
neck
when schedule planning, you should not
neglect physical activity
scientific study of structure, function, and pathology of the nervous system is
neurology
nerve tissue is composed of special cells called
neurons
when selecting eye, cheek, and lip colors, which tones are always the safest choice
neutral
what shampoo is used to return hair to the correct pH after a chemical reaction
neutralizing shampoo
when selling products/services, you should
never misrepresent your products/services
what type of gloves are recommended by OSHA for use in the salon
nitrile
concealer should be lighter than the clients skin by how many shades
no more than 2 shades
Guanidine hydroxide relaxers are advertised and sold as _____ relaxers.
no-lye
Which type of pin curl produces a tight, firm, long-lasting curl and allows minimum mobility?
no-stem curl
a solid bump larger than 1cm that can easily be felt is a
nodule
a(n) _ agreement prohibits you from seeking employment within a given time period and geographic area after you leave employment
non-compete
cleansing milks are
non-foaming
the skin suction machine should only be used on _ skin
non-inflamed and non-sensitive
what type of foot spa DOESNT circulate water
non-whirlpool foot basin
most bacteria are
nonpathogenic
hospital disinfectants can be used on ___ surfaces in the salon
nonporous
what causes ridges
normal aging
a _ is a conditioner with an acidic pH that conditions hair and restores natural pH prior to shampooing
normalizing lotion
the cuticle does not
nourish the matrix
the dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell
nucleus
the bone of the cranium that forms the back of the skull above the nape is this
occipital bone
muscle that draws back the scalp backward
occipitalis
over processed hair
occurs when too many disulfide bonds are broken
a fully plumbed whirlpool footbath with an attached pedicure chair does NOT _
offer portability
which lighteners are considered on the scalp lighteners
oil and cream
what type of eye makeup remover is typically used to break down the latex glue used to apply false eyelashes
oil-based
Skin that is yellowish, with an orange peel texture, is:
oily
when determining skin type, the presence of obvious pores indicates areas of _ skin
oily
as a general rule
oily hair should be shampooed more than normal hair
a study suggests that bald men are perceived as
older
a short chain of monomer liquid not long enough to be considered a polymer is called a(n)
oligomer
For _____ placement, the hair is wrapped at a 45-degree angle beyond perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned on its base.
on-base
a c-shaped curl is formed by how many turns around the roller
one
polish is usually applied with
one base coat, two polish coats, and one top coat
when mixing color using a 1:2 ratio, you should pour _ into the bottle
one oz of color and two oz of developer
you should try to limit the length of your resume to
one page
how often should you sharpen your shears
only when needed
what term refers to thickening of the nails
onychauxis
inflammation of nail matrix followed by shedding of natural plate is what condition
onychia
whats the technical term for ingrown nails
onychocryptosis
lifting of the nail plate from the bed without shedding, starting at free-edge and continuing toward the lunula is
onycholysis
when a nail plate separates and falls off from the nail bed, its called
onychomadesis
fungal infection of the natural nail plate is
onychomycosis
what refers to split or brittle nails with a series of length-wise ridges caused by excessive chemicals, filing, or injury to matrix
onychorrhexis
the natural nail is also known as
onyx
the amount of colored pigment in a light cured gel is called
opacity
what's the technical term for a blackhead
open comedo
a pin curl should always begin at the _ of a shaping
open end
what's an example of a warm neutral color
orange-brown
ring muscle of eye socket that controls ability to close eye
orbicular oculi
the natural arch of the eyebrow follows the curved line of the eye socket or the _ bone
orbital
the study of substances that contain carbon is __ chemistry
organic
the _ is the portion of the muscle at the fixed attachment (to an immovable section of the skeleton)
origin
the high point of the brow should be near the _ if the client is looking straight ahead
outside corner of the iris
the application of foundation should begin at the center of the face and blended using _ motions
outward and downward
the _ face is approximately 3/4 as wide as it is long
oval
when proper hand washing is performed, soap removes _ of pathogenic microbes from the hands
over 90%
what causes excessive scalp oiliness
overactive sebaceous glands
When hair is combed away from its natural falling position, _____ occurs.
overdirection
nail tips are not long wearing and can break without the reinforcement of a
overlay
when doing weekly foot spa cleaning, let disinfectant sit for
overnight
in an oxidation-reduction reaction
oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously
anaerobic means something cannot survive in the presence of
oxygen
cosmetic implements used at the dawn of history were shaped from what
oyster shells, sharpened flints, and bone; not tree bark
electrotherapy should never be administered to a client who has
pacemaker
A _____ brush has a large, flat base and staggered pin patterns to help keep the hair from snagging.
paddle
which method of locking is most gentle on the hair
palm roll
hair follicles are distributed all over body, except
palms of hands and soles of feet
what type of nail wraps needs to be completely replaced each time your client comes in for maintenance
paper
what are the 2 layers of the dermis
papillary and reticular
acne _ are red pimples that do not have a pus head
papules
terry cloth mitts are routinely used over
paraffin
what is a petroleum by-product that has excellent sealing properties to hold moisture in the skin
paraffin
a _ mask is melted to a little more than body temp before an application
paraffin wax
repeating lines in a hairstyle; straight or curved
parallel lines
organisms that grow, feed, and find shelter on/in another organisms
parasites
two bones that form sides and top of the cranium are the
parietal bones
which of the following bones forms kneecap joint
patella
___ muscles of the chest assist in the swinging movement of the arms
pectoralis
a skin disease caused by a headlice infection is called
pediculosis capitis
a _ is a large, abrasive file used to smooth and reduce thicker areas of a callus
pedicure paddle
after a pedicure polish, what should you offer to client's who have not worn open toe shoes to help them avoid smudging polish
pedicure slippers
polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by _ bonds
peptide
the _ bond is NOT a type of side bond
peptide
amino acids are joined by ___ bonds
peptide bonds
an unhealthy compulsion to do things perfectly
perfectionism
unhealthy compulsion to do things perfectly is called
perfectionism
during a weekly callus reduction appointment, you should NOT
perform a basic pedicure
what should you do as your employee evaluation time grows near
perform a self evaluation
the ___ is living skin bordering the root and sides of a nail
perionychium
the ___ nervous system carries impulses or messages to the central nervous system
periphal
what type of color is used to match, lighten, and cover gray hair
permanent
process of caring for parts of the body and maintaining an overall polished look
personal grooming
which term refers to the process of caring for parts of the body, and maintaining an overall polished look
personal grooming
daily maintenance and cleanliness by practicing good, healthful habit
personal hygiene
which term refers to the daily maintenance of cleanliness by good, healthful habits
personal hygiene
what type of massage involves lifting, squeezing, and pressing tissues
petrissage
the red to yellow melanin produced by the body is
pheomelanin
which hair removal method uses intense light to destroy the growth cells of the hair
photoepilation
characteristics of matter that do not involve chemically changing a substance are called _ properties
physical
a _ is a physical combination of matter in any proportions
physical mixture
your ___ involves your posture and the way you walk and move
physical presentation
your posture, as well as the way you walk and move
physical presentation
the study of the functions and activities performed by the body's structures is
physiology
what did women do during victorian era in england to add color to their cheeks
pinch their cheeks
which gland plays a major role in sexual development, sleep, and metabolism
pineal gland
when applying nail wraps its recommended to begin with what finger
pinky finger on the left hand
a ___ uses impellers to circulate water
pipeless foot spa
examples of endocrine glands
pituitary, pineal, and thyroid gland
the condition characterized by excessive production and accumulation of skin cells
pityriasis
the technical term used to describe a highly curved nail
plicatured nails
which nail shape is recommended for women with thin hands, long fingers, and narrow nail beds
pointed
what terms refers to the negative or positive pole of an electric current
polarity
the chemical reaction that creates polymers is called
polymerization
for which condition might a physician prescribe latisse
poor lash growth
the ability of the hair to absorb moisture is called hair
porosity
to test the _ of hair, you should select a small section of hair at the crown, hold it at the root and the tip, and slide the hair down 2-3 times slowly
porosity
the point where the free-edge of natural nail meets the nail tip is the
position stop
when performing a shampoo draping, you should
position the cape on the outside of the shampoo chair
cornrows are
positioned close to the scalp
Protons are subatomic particles with which type of charge?
positive
when using social media, you should
post helpful content
which type of alopecia describes hair loss at the end of pregnancy
post partum alopecia
what type of blush is NOT layered over and blended into the foundation
powder blush
correct hair brushing does NOT
prepare the hair for a bleach/lightening services
to shape the monomer liquid and polymer powder enhancements free edge, you should
press and smooth the product with the belly of your sable brush
when backcombing, what should you do next after inserting the comb
press the comb down
at the end of a foot massage, you should _
press your hands on the clients feet and feather off once
pure or fundamental colors that cannot be created by combining colors are called _ colors
primary
to make a list of tasks that need done in order from most to least important
prioritize
to effectively manage time, it is important to learn to
prioritize your tasks
muscle that covers bridge of the nose
procerus
putting off until tomorrow what can be done today
procrastination
putting off until tomorrow, what you can do today
procrastination
what type of product is appropriate for a dry scalp treatment
product containing emoluments
applying nail enhancement product over wet nail primer can cause
product discoloration
the impression you project through both your outward appearance and conduct in the workplace
professional image
the impression you project through both your outward appearance and your conduct in the workplace is known as
professional image
outline of the face, head, or figure from side view
profile
the comparative relationship from on thing to another; the harmonious relationship among parts or things
proportion
hair is approximately 90%
protein
bacteria consist of an outer cell wall containing a liquid called
protoplasm
what is the colorless, jelly-like substance found inside cells
protoplasm
what type of circulation takes deoxygenated blood to the lungs for exygenation
pulmonary
whats an example of a single use item
pumice stone
a chemical combustion of matter in definite (fixed) proportions is called a(n)
pure substance
an equal combination of the primary colors blue and red makes
purple/violet
the presence of what is a sign of bacterial infection
pus
a ___ is a raised, inflamed papule with a white/yellow center containing pus
pustule
what's the 1st step of the pre service procedure
put on a fresh pair of gloves
1st step to preparing to clean and disinfect foot-basin
put on safety glasses and gloves
a lump of red tissue growing up from nail bed to nail plate is a sign of which condition
pyogenic granuloma
what type of massage involves a kneading movement performed by lifting, squeezing, and pressing the tissue
pétrissage
when monomer liquid is picked up by a brush and mixed with polymer powder, the bead that forms on the end of the brush
quickly begins to harden
the ___ nerve is the sensory-motor nerve that supplies the thumb side of the arm and back of the hand
radial
high-performance mascaras contain _ or nylon fibers to lengthen and thicken the hair fibers
rayon
what is NOT one of the practical steps for effectively communication in the workplace
react instead of responding
when questions include paragraphs to read and questions to answer, you should
read questions first
the structural correction of the nail to ensure it's strength, shape, and durability is called a
rebalance
scheduling clients before they leave is known as
rebooking
the sensory nerve endings located close to the surface of the skin are called the
receptors
you should maintain _ if you want to be able to produce customized nail enhancements that clients can't get anywhere else
recipe cards
once the service is complete, and client is satisfied, you should
record results on service record card
a(n) is an apparatus that changes alternating current to direct current ((ac) to (dc))
rectifier
what color is the plug and cord for an anode on a typical galvanic machine
red
within the visible spectrum of light, the longest wavelength is
red
egyption men and women practiced a form of nail care by staining their nails ___ by using ___
red by using henna
pheomelanin provides hair colors ranging from
red to blonde
what's an example of a warm tone
red, orange, yellow
what's an example of a primary color
red, yellow, blue
palming hair cutting shears when combing the hair prevents you from cutting yourself and also
reduces strain on the index finger and thumb
what should you do if a client requests a dry scalp treatment and they have reddened scalp irritations
refer the client to a physician
what should you do if you identify the signs of pyogenic granuloma when performing the hand, nail, and skin analysis
refer the client to a physician
if a client has an ingrown nail, you should
refer the client to a podiatrist
Areas of the head where the surface changes are called:
reference points
listening to the client and repeating, in your own words what you think the client is telling you is known as
reflective listening
the automatic nerve reaction to a stimulus that produces movement
reflex
the specialty massage that often employs many principles of acupuncture and acupressure is
reflexology
if a client scheduling mix up occurs, you should
refrain from arguing about who is correct
when performing a hand/arm massage, you should
relax your posture
when receiving services at a cosmetology school, the client may be asked to sign a ___ , for consent
release form
an oxidizing agent
releases oxygen
in a layered hair cut, the layers create movement and volume by
releasing weight
vertical lines
remove weight
thioneutralization rebuilds disulfide bonds by
removing hydrogen
the thickest adhesives are gel adhesives sometimes referred to as
resin
supporting materials to take an interview include
resume, employment portfolio, and fact and figures related to your former employment
the act of recommending/selling products to a client is called
retailing
whats NOT a method to increase your spending money
retailing less
the deepest layer of the dermis that supplies oxygen and nutrients to the skin is the
reticular layer
you should ask your clients how much time they want to spend on their hair each day as part of which step of the 10-step consultation method
review the clients life style
whats the last step of 10-step consultation method
review the consultation
what should you do first in 10-step consultation method
review the intake form
a regular pulsation or recurrent pattern of movement in design
rhythm
the most enjoyable type of foot massage is a
rhythmic, slow slide with fingers and palm
forcing hair between thumb and back of comb to create tension is
ribboning
Skip waves are two rows of _____ curls used to create a strong wave pattern with well-defined lines between the waves.
ridge
Pin curls placed immediately behind or below a ridge form a wave are called:
ridge curls
when applying a UV or LED gel onto the fingernail, it's recommended to work in what order, from start to finish
right pinky to index, left pinky to index, then thumbs
what are examples of common contagious diseases
ringworm, pink eye, and common cold
which muscle of the mouth draws the corner of the mouth out and back
risorius muscle
the chronic condition ___ is characterized by redness on the cheeks and nose
rosacea
what condition is indicated by constant/frequent facial blushing
rosacea
what are contradictions for facial waxing
rosacea, recent face microdermabrasion, history of fever blisters
most men prefer which nail shape
round
the medulla is composed of ___ cells
round
what type of curettes are safe and appropriate for use by cosmetologists
rounded or dull-edged
the technique of backbrushing is also called
ruffing
what is a true statement about rules
rules establish specific standards of conduct
the form required from manufacturers that lists handling, disposal, and first-aid info for a product is known as
safety data sheet
what compensation method is best for a new salon professional
salary only
what callus softener product ingredient has antiinflammatory properties
salicylic acid
who does NOT receive overtime in a salon
salon manager
what are the 3 types of side bonds of the cortex
salt, disulfide, and hydrogen bonds
the term ___ is defined as a chemical process for reducing the number of disease-causing germs on cleaned surfaces to a safe level
sanitizing
a hygiene pack for work should include all of the following
sanitizing hand wipes, deodorant, toothbrush
If a client notices that you have bad breath, he or she is most likely to:
say nothing, and simply not return to the salon
when a parasite called a mite burrows under the skin, resulting in
scabies
you SHOULDNT shampoo if what is present
scalp abrasions
a _ is used to remove oil accumulation from the scalp
scalp astringent lotion
whats the list of services in your specialty that you're legally allowed to perform in your state called
scope of practice
a metal pusher is used to
scrape cuticle tissue from the nail plate
nail enhancements created by combining a monomer liquid and a polymer powder are commonly called
sculptured nails
paraffin wax does NOT
seal the pores
the final coat of light cured gels is called the finisher gel or _ gel
sealer
the ___ glands secrete sebum
sebaceous
acne is a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the
sebacious glands
what's NOT a common cause of dry scalp
sebum
whats the oily secretion that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair
sebum
A _____ is obtained by mixing equal parts of two primary colors.
secondary
when performing an updo you should
section the hair before you begin
wet styling tools include what
sectioning clamps, hair pins, and combs
what should you do if you're at odds with a coworker
seek help from someone you respect
IED treatments are contraindicated for clients with
seizure disorders
fulfilling ones full potential
self-actualization
fulfilling your potential is called
self-actualization
___ is based on inner strength and begins with trusting your ability to achieve your goals
self-esteem
which light cured gels are used to enhance thickness of the overlay while providing a smoother surface
self-leveling
what type of gel should you use if a client has arched and curved nails
self-leveling gel
ointments, pastes, and pomades are
semisolid mixtures
after targeting and observing salons, the next step in the process of securing employment is to
send a resume and cover letter
after visiting a salon, requardless if you;re going to work there, you should
send a thank you note to owner/manager
when contacting salons to set up a visit, you should NOT
send the owner/manager a text message
to be ___ means to be compassionate/responsive to people
sensitive
a(n) _ contains a higher concentration of ingredients designed to penetrate skin
serum
the ___ is the clients permanent progress record of services received, results, formulations, products used during service
service record card
in a service business, your career revolves around
serving your clients
what's the most widely purchased of all hair care products
shampoo products
the shampoo service includes
shampoo, conditioner, and scalp massage
the wave pattern of the hair refers to the ___ of the hair strand
shape
a(n) _ is a section of hair molded in a circular movement in preparation for the formation of curls
shaping
what demonstrates that you're NOT an ethical person
sharing client information
the most common form of temporary hair removal
shaving
Skin that produces too much sebum will have large pores and may appear:
shiny
when acid-free primer dries, it creates a _ surface
shiny and sticky
when performing a haircut, cutting past the 2 front corners can cause a bang area to end up on the _ of the haircut
sides
the _ runs straight from the cuticle down to the side of the nail to the end of the extension
sidewall
the ___ is the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail
sidewall
in a horizontal fingerwave, waves are positioned
sideways and parallel around the head
when following a budget, you do NOT
significantly restrict your spending
what's a special type of oil used in water resistant lubricants for the skin
silicone
a person with albinism will have
silky white hair
if a client asks for a box braid, what type of braid are they referring to
single braids
a hairstyle with only 1 line; (one length hairstyle)
single lines
the difference between closed and open comedones is the
size of the ostium
in permanent waving, the size of the curl is determined by the
size of the rod
when choosing colors for a client, the 3 factors to consider are
skin, eye, and hair color
which is one of the goals for a client with a triangular face
slenderize the jawline
you should use a _ to apply bonding gel
slightly damp brush
what type of brush should you select when using the brush machine on a clients face
small and soft
the majority of salons in the US are
small, independent salons
when doing a perm, you should always
smell the hair after the recommended time has passed
medium-grit abrasives (150 to 180 grit) are used to
smooth and refine surfaces
silk wraps are
smoothing in appearance on the nail
soft light cured gels are removed by
soaking them in acetone
whats not a method of cleaning tools and implements
soaking them in disinfectant
a(n) _ is a combination of equal parts of a prepared permanent color mixture and shampoo
soap cap
what type of relaxers are called lye relaxers
sodium hydroxide
Prior to tweezing, cotton pledgets or a towel with warm water is placed over the brow to:
soften the brows
steaming the skin helps to
soften the tissues
muscle that originates at the upper portion of the fibula and bends foot down is the
soleus
the _ is the substance that's dissolved into a solution
solute
a stable physical mixture of 2 or more substances is a(n)
solution
a(n) is a substance that dissolves another substance to form a solution
solvent
the area surrounding the form or area the style occupies
space
for wrinkled skin, you should apply foundation
sparingly, in a light, outward, circular motion
a _ is a tool with a wide, flat base that used to remove makeup from containers
spatula
if your natural voice is harsh, you should
speak more softly
most spa manicures include all of the following
specialty techniques, massage, and skin treatments
the portion of the central nervous system that originates in the brain and extends down the lower trunk is the
spinal cord
what curl pattern creates a vertical corkscrew effect
spiral curl
a helix is
spiral-shaped
what type of bacteria causes Lyme disease
spirilla
Nail adhesives typically come in all of the following forms EXCEPT:
spray
a(n) _ nail is completely straight across with no rounding at the outside edges
square
kohl makeup was NOT used in ancient egypt to:
stain nails before battle; it was used as eyeliner
during the Chou Dynasty in China, only royals were allowed to ___
stain their nails gold
CDC guidelines that require employees to assume all blood and body fluids are potentially infectious are called
standard precautions
pus forming bacteria that grow in clusters and can cause abscesses, pustules, and boils are
staphylococci
what does a phot initiator do
starts a polymerization reaction
when writing your resume you should NOT
state your salary history
reusable or multiuse implements are usually made of what material
steel
the section of a pincurl between the base and the first arch that gives the curl direction and movement
stem
what is NOT one of the basic parts of a thermal iron
stem
the process that completely destroys all microbial life, including spores, is
sterilization
muscle of neck that lowers and rotates head
sternocleidomastoideus
the flat bone that forms the ventral(front) support of the ribs is the
sternum
proper facial and scalp massage results in
stimulation of muscle fibers, increased circulation, and softer/more pliable skin
your first step when an exposure incident occurs is to
stop the service
asian hair is usually
straight and available in lengths from 12-28 inches
neither convex nor concave; considered ideal
straight profile
which layer of the epidermis is also known as the basal cell layer
stratum germinativum
the clear, transparent skin layer just under the surface through which light passes
stratum lucidum
what shampoo is designed to repair damaged/brittle hair
strengthening shampoo
what type of bacteria causes blood poisoning
streptococci
the _ is where the natural nail grows beyond the finger and becomes the free edge
stress area
a _ is used to strengthen a weak point in the nail point in the nail during a maintenance service
stress strip
a test-wise student does all of the following
study whenever they have an opportunity
when using disinfectants you should NOT
submerge implements using bare hands
for control when cutting, the hair is parted into inform working areas called
subsections
whats NOT a method of utilizing social media to promote your business
suggest that clients google search the salon
a _ is a substance that allows oil and water to mix, or emulsify
surfactant
foaming cleansers are wash off products that foam easily due to the presence of
surfactants
to enhance creativity, you should
surround yourself by others with the same passion, improve your vocabulary, look around for creative inspiration
a(n) is an unstable physical mixture of undissolved particles in a liquid
suspension
nail polish is an example of a(n)
suspension
which term refers to bundles of hair dyed to match particular color shades offered by a manufacturer
swatches
when you apply blush, you should
sweep it just below the cheekbones
sign's of infection include
swelling, pus, and pain
2 halves of a style; form a mirror image
symmetrical balance
A disease that affects the body as a whole, often due to under- or overfunctioning is called:
systemic
what types of gloss gels may discolor with prolonged exposure to UV radiation
tack-free gloss gets
the inhibition layer left on the nail after a UV or LED gel has cured has a _ surface
tacky
whats NOT an effective way to manage your time
taking on every task offered to you
the creation of a custom-made wig begins with
taking the client's measurements
what 3 bones form the ankle joint
talus, fibula, and tibia
what type of massage involves short, quick tapping, slapping, and hacking movements
tapotment
the navicular is one of the
tarsal bones
A _____ brush is a thin nylon styling brush with a tail for sectioning and a narrow row of bristles.
teasing
the final phase hair cycle lasting until the fully grown hair is shed is the ___ phase
telogen phase
to _ a new brass pressing comb, you heat the comb until it's completely hot, coat it in a petroleum based product or pressing oil, and rinse off after it has cooled down
temper
A substance's state of matter depends on its
temperature
what are the 2 major categories of approaches to hair removal
temporary and permanent
The amount of pressure applied when combing or holding a subsection during a haircut is called:
tension
hair _ is the thickness or diameter of the individual hair strand
texture
the diameter of individual hair strands is referred to as hair
texture
the correct temperature for thermal iron use is determined by the
texture of the hair
which term refers to the variety of permanent waving and straightening services available for various hair types and conditions
texture services
curly hair specialist is a subspecialty to which specialty
texture specialist
the process of removing excess bulk without shortening the length
texturizing
what should you do at the end of your employee evaluation
thank your manager for taking the time to do the evaluation
when applying nail tips you should apply nail adhesive to _
the free edge
who appoints the board
the governor
During the depilatory application period:
the hair expands and the disulfide bonds break
what's true about surfactant molecules
the head is hydrophilic and the tail is lipophilic
in massage, pressure one a muscle is directed from
the insertion to the origin
when using electric foot mitts
the mask is applied before the feet are placed in the mitts
the clients service record card should NOT contain what
the prices paid for products purchased from you
the main difference between massage for relaxation and massage done in conjunction with a treatment is
the products you use
the period during which western civilization made the transition from medeval to modern history was called
the renaissance
the system that forms the physical foundation of the body
the skeletal system
if you remove vellus hair while waxing
the skin may temporarily feel less soft
the inactive growth stage of bacteria is known as
the spore-forming stage
The more alkaline the shampoo, the ____ it is
the stronger and harsher it is
___ was a reflection of the state of their wellbeing and existence in the world for african people
their hair
what is true about light cured gels
they can cure in container if exposed to daylight
which statement about razors is true
they use a finer blade than shears
when applying a fabric wrap, what should you use to press fabric onto the nail plate
thick plastic
generally, only ___ hair contains a medulla
thick, course hair
viscosity is a measurement of the _ of a liquid
thickness
nail hardeners should be used on _ nail plates
thin
after monomer liquid and polymer powder nail enhancements have been removed, the nail plates commonly appear to be
thinner
the use of isotretinon, an ora cystic acne medication, causes what side effect
thinning of the skin
the strength of permanent saving solution is determined primarily by the concentration of
this
what replaces the chamois and creates a beautiful shine on nails
three-way buffer
which condition is characterized by dry, suffer-yellow, cuplike crusts on the scalp
tinea favosa
ringworm fungus of the foot is called
tinea pedis
what is NOT a basic method of compensation in salons
tips only
a collection of similar cells that perform a particular function is called
tissue
whats an example of a short-term goal
to complete a cosmetology coarse
what's the purpose of a general scalp treatment
to maintain the scalp and hair in a clean and healthy condition
whats the ultimate goal when you encounter a client who is dissatisfied
to make the client happy
whats the purpose of massaging in manicuring
to relax the client
whats an example of a long term goal
to save enough money to open your own salon
when applying powder cheek color, you should have the client
to smile
to keep toes apart while polishing them, you should use
toe separators
what implement should you use to carefully remove a loose tag of dead skin around a toenail
toenail nipper
methacrylic or cellulose-type film formers are typically the main ingredients of
top coat
the apex area is easily located by placing a comb flat on the
top of head
a(n) _ is a small wig used to cover the top and crown of the head
toupee
usually curved lines that are used to blend and soften horizontal or vertical lines
transitional lines
in appearance, a normal, healthy nail should be whitish and
translucent
to avoid the transfer of foundation to a clients clothing, you should always set foundation with
translucent powder
A _____ is used when creating layered or graduated haircuts.
traveling guideline
a _ conditioner is a deep, penetrating conditioner that resorts protein and moisture
treatment
the scientific study of hair and its diseases and care is called
trichology
a nail nipper is used to
trim away dead skin around the nails
what should you do if the length of the eyelash band is too long to fit the curve of the eyelash band
trim the outside edge
toenail nippers are used to
trim the toenails
what type of perm should you recommend for very damaged hair
true acid wave
when the free edge pinches the sidewalls into a deep curve, called a pincer nail or
trumpet
on the day of the interview, you should
try to appear confident and relaxed
hair in which the root end of every strand is sewn into the base is called _hair
turned
the 3 principle parts of a pin curl DONT include a
twist
which light cured gel method allows for a French manicure finish in which lacquer is not needed
two colored method
the inner and larger bone of the forearm located on side of little finger
ulna
the ____ artery supplies blood to the little finger side of arm
ulnar
open center curls produce
uniform curls
when cutting a wig, remember the more solid the shape, the more _ the hair will look
unnatural
when working at a salon, you'll be expected to have a ___ hairstyle
up-to-date
a(n) _ is a hairstyle with the hair arranged up and off the shoulders and secured with implements such as hair pins, bobby pins, and elastics
updo
ticket upgrading is also called
upselling services
during the skin analysis procedure, you should remove facial cleanser from the face using _ movements
upward and outward
during the skin analysis procedure, cleansing milk is applied to the face using
upward circular movements
what should you do if you do not have the proper size nail tip
use a larger tip and tailor it to size with an abrasive board
when applying an acid based nail primer, you should
use a light dotting action to apply primer to the nail
the fastest and easiest way to develop an optimal pedicure service is to
use a synergistic product line
to detangle wet hair, after the shampoo service, you should
use a wide tooth comb
when doing a facial on a male client you should
use downward movements in the beard area
when pressing short fine hair you should
use extra care at the hairline
to prevent discoloration or breakage when pressing grey hair, you should
use moderate heat and light pressure
throughout the day, you should
use mouthwash/breath mints, wash hands, perform self checks
people with dry hair and scalp should
use products containing emollients
gel polish is
used as an alternative to traditional nail lacquers
for proper client protection, linens and cloth materials should be
used once and properly laundered
toners are
used to rebalance the skin's pH
whats given to prevent viruses from growing in the body
vaccines
steam is an example of a
vapor
you should not massage on a client with _ without the written permission of a physician
varicose veins
what collects blood from capillaries and drains it into the veins
venule
lines that are straight up and down; create length and height in a hair design
vertical lines
when using the braid and sew method, position the braids/tracks
vertically, horizontally, or diagonally
contact with poison ivy or poison oak commonly causes ___ in many people
vesicles
the most expensive wigs, hair pieces, and extensions are made from
virgin, european, human hair
a parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in the cells of a biological organism is a
virus
what is NOT a classification of pathogenic bacteria
virus
a virucidal disinfectant is capable of destroying
viruses
the measurement of thickness/thinness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows is
viscosity
what are the 2 broad classifications of braiding styles
visible and invisible
rubbing alcohol and hairspray are examples of
volatile alcohols
what type of thermal curls are places very high on base for maximum lift
volume base curls
you should use _ water to rinse out shampoo
warm
Colors that range from yellow to red-orange are considered to be:
warm colors
when cleaning a foot spa at the end of the day, fill basin with ___ and a chelating detergent
warm water
when cleaning implements, rinse them with
warm water
a verruca is also known as a
wart
the cell does NOT need an adequate supply of ___ for mitosis to occur
waste products
liquid foundation is primarily
water
only products that contain _ can have a pH
water
what is classified as a universal solvent
water
what's NOT a common shampoo additive
water
when acids and alkalis are mixed together in equal proportions
water
the hydrophilic end of a surfactant molecule is the
water attracting head
hydrogen bonds can be broken by
water or heat
wax should be heated using a
wax heater
the most common form of hair removal in salons and spa's
waxing
what's NOT an example of permanent hair removal
waxing
the best way to prevent both types of contact dermatitis is to
wear gloves when working with irritating chemicals
if you want all of your clients to get light cured gels, its recommended that you
wear light cured gels on your nails
when choosing what to wear for work, you should NOT
wear whatever is most comfortable
how often does CDC require that autoclaves be tested to ensure they're properly sterilizing implements
weekly
how often should normal skin be massaged
weekly
the shallow depression in a nail tip that serves as point of contact with the nail plate is called a
well
when you use twice as much liquid as powder to create a bead, it creates a _ bead
wet
which question should you ask when analyzing a clients hair
what at home products do you use
when answering multiple choice question
when two choices are similar, one of them is probably right
pus contains ___, bacteria, and dead cells
white blood cells
a closed comedo is also known as a
whitehead
hair that forms a circular growing pattern, on the crown of head, is called a
whorl
if the client has a large/protruding nose, you should
widen the distance between eyebrows
a(n) _ is an artificial covering for the head that completely covers the clients hair
wig
the best way to gauge how real a wig looks is to use the _ test
wind
to dispose of small amounts of leftover monomer liquid, you
wipe it with a paper towel, seal it in a plastic bag, and dispose of it in a metal trash can
after filing light cured gel nail enhancement, you should remove dust from the nail surface
with a nylon brush
to remove nail tips, softened in remover/acetone, you should gently slide them off using a _
wooden pusher
during nail tip application the eponychium is gently pushed back using a
wooden stick
if a client with acne- prone skin is under medical care, the role of the cosmetologist is to
work under the advisement of the client physician
cyanoacrylate is a specialized acrylic monomer from which _ is made
wrap resins
which type of hair lends itself to adding fantasy colors
yak
you can tell that a monomer liquid and polymer powder nail enhancement is ready to be shaped/filed when you tap it with a brush handle and
you hear a clicking sound
when applying an acid-free primer
you should completely cover the nail plate
when you work at a salon
you're expected to put salon/client needs before your own
you should NOT remove implements from a disinfectant container with
your bare hands
to test wax temperature and consistency, you should apply a drop where
your inner wrist
during weaving technique, selected strands are picked up using a
zigzag motion
